தமிழ் இலக்கிய தொகுப்பு - தரம் 10,11
தமிழ் இலக்கிய தொகுப்பு - தரம் 10,11
njhFg;ghrpupau;
. ,uh. ep\he;jd; B.A (Tamil)
. Mrpupau;
jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 1 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil
vd;Diu
md;ghd khztu;fNs..
juk; 10>11 khztu;fSf;fhd Gjpa ghlj;jpl;lj;jpd; mbg;gilapy;
jkpo; nkhopAk; ,yf;fpaKk; ghlk; rhu;e;J jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;gpy;
nra;Al; gFjp> kw;Wk; ciueilg; gFjpfis cs;slf;fpa
ghl myFfs; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd. jkpo;g; ghlj;jpd;; tpdhj;jhs;
fl;likg;gpy; gFjp III ,y; ,lk; ngwf;$ba FWtpdh> nra;As; kw;Wk;
ciug;gFjp rhh;e;j FWtpdhf;fs;> kw;Wk; fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
vDk; mikg;gpy;; 80 Gs;spfis ngWtjw;F ,e;j Gj;jfk; cq;fSf;F
cjtpahf ,Uf;Fk;. mjd;gb ,e;E}ypy; gFjp III tpdhj;jhs;
fl;likg;gpw;F Vw;g tpil mspf;ff; $bathW tpdhf;fSk; tpilAk;
njhFf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. mit ,yFthd FWfpa tpdh tpil mikg;gpy;
njhFf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. cq;fSila tpdhj;jhs; fl;likg;gpy;
Nfl;fg;gLk; tpdhf;fspd; mikg;gpNyNa xt;nthU ghl myfpd;
gpd;dUk; tpdh tpilfs; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. mtw;iw rupahf ePqf ; s;
gbj;J kdg;ghlk; nra;J nfhz;lhy; guPl;irapy; $ba Gs;spfisg;
ngw;Wf;nfhs;s KbAk;. fw;wypy; ,lu;gLk; khztu;fSf;F ,e;j
tpdhtpilj; njhFg;ghdJ ngUk; cjtpahf mikAk; vd
vjpu;g;ghu;ff
; pd;Nwd;. midj;J khztu;fSk; ,e;jg; Gj;jfj;ij
gaDilajhf gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.
ed;wp
nghUs;
jtisahdJ> Fsph;r;rp nghUe;jpa jhkiuAld; xd;whfg;
gpwe;jpUe;jhYk;> me;jj; jhkiu kyhpYs;s Fsph;r;rpahd Njid
cz;zhJ. Mdhy; tz;lhdJ fhl;by; ,Ue;J te;J me;jj; jhkiu
kyhpYs;s Njid tpUk;gp cz;Zk;. mJ Nghy ePz;l ehl;fs; gofp
,Ue;jhYk; mwptpy;yhjth;fs; ey;yth;fspd; cah;Fzq;fis mwpa
khl;lhh;fs;. Mdhy; mwpTilNahh; ey;yth;fis fz;lJk; mth;fspd;
ew;f;Fzq;fis clNd mwpe;J nfhz;L kfpo;r;rpAld; mth;fSld;
cwthb xd;W gl;L fye;J tho;th;.
nghUs;
cg;gpy;yhky; fha;r;rpa fQ;rpia mWRit czthf fUjp
cz;Lk;> Jitj;Jf; fpope;j Milia gl;lhilahf fUjp cLj;Jk;>
,tw;wpw;F ,izahf gidNahiyahy; ,iof;fg;gl;l ghapy; gLj;J
cwq;fpAk; kdj;jpUg;jpAld; tho;NthUf;F kdk; nfhz;lNj
khspifahFk;.
tpdhf;fs;
1. ,g;ghlypy; cg;gpy;yh fQ;rp vdf; fUJtJ vjid?
cg;G ,lg;glhj fQ;rp
2. ghlypy; jg;gpa fe;ij vd;gjd; nghUs;?
Jitj;Jf; fpope;j Mil
3. gPjhk;guk; vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; fUj;J ahJ?
gl;lhil
4. kdq; nfhz;lJ khspif vDk; KJnkhopf;F epfuhd gonkhop
ahJ?
NghJnkd;w kdNk nghd; nra;Ak; kUe;J
5. ,g;ghlypy; kdk; nfhz;lNj khspif.. vDk; fUj;J vt;thW
vLj;Jf;fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ?
ghlypy; gpd;tUk; fUj;Jf;fs; thapyhf kdk; nfhz;lNj
khspif vDk; jd;ik Gyg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.
- cg;gpy;yhj fQ;rpapid mWRit czthf fUjp cz;Zjy;
- fpope;j Milapid Njha;j;J gl;lhilahf fUjp mzpjy;
- gidNahiyahy; gpd;dg;gl;l ghapy; gLj;J cwq;Fjy;.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. gpd;doF Mh;j;J - gpd;doif Muha;e;J
2. Nkio - rpwpa tpyq;F
3. ahj;j - cUthf;fpa
4. N[hjp - gpufhrk;> xsp
5. tjdk; - Kfk;
nghUs;
.
.
FW tpdhf;fs;
1. “ ePnuLj;J tUtjw;F mts; kzp
epj;jpyg; Gd;dif Rlh; tPrplg; Nghh;..
m. epj;jpyk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
Kj;J
M. ,q;F ntspg;gLk; mzpapid Fwpg;gpLf?
ctikazp - Kj;Jg; Nghd;w Gd;dif
2. “ Nghh; vLj;J tUk; kjd; Kd; nry NghFk;
Ntis mjw;Fj; jpdk; NjhWk;...
m. kjd; vdf; fUjg;gLtJ ahh;?
kd;kjd;
M. kd;kjDila nray; ahJ?
fhjy; Nghh; njhLj;J Kd; nry;Yjy;
3. “ ahj;j Njh; cUisg;gL Nkiojhd; ahz;L
Njh;nrYk; Mq;F ,Og;Gw;W vd...
m. Nkio vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
nfhk;gpy;yhj rpwpa tpyq;F
M. ahj;j Njh; vd;gjid tpsf;Ff?
cUthf;fg;gl;l Njh;
jho;thd kdr;rpe;jid
Nrhk;gy; epiy> Nrhh;T
jiytpjpia Nehjy;
ML Nghy; gy nghUs; ehLjy;
ez;giu J}w;Wjy;
Nfhgk; nfhz;L giftiu J}w;Wjy;
Nfhgk; nfhs;Sjy;
#o;r;rpfs; nra;jy;
flTis ek;g kWj;jy;
rh];jpuj;jpid ek;Gjy;
gak; nfhs;Sjy;
tpUg;gNk ew;fjpia jUk; vd ek;ghik.
,tw;iw>
“ jhOk; cs;sj;jh; Nrhh;tpdh; MLNghy;
jhtpj; jhtp gynghUs; ehLNthh; tPOk;
Xh; ,ilA+w;wpDf;F mQ;RNthh; tpUk;Gk;
ahTk; nghwhh; jhk; ,th; jhkd;Nw..”
vDk; ghlybfs; %yKk; mwpe;J nfhs;syhk;.
Xb kz;il guguf;Fk;
ghk;G - jPz;bdhy; tprk; jiyf;Nfwp jiy guguf;Fk; .
vs;S - vz;nza;ia jiyapy; itj;jhy; jiyapy; gugu vDk;
czh;T Vw;gLk;
gpz;zhf;F cz;lhk;
ghk;G - gpsT gl;l ehf;F cs;sik
. vs;S - vs; vz;nza; Cw;wpa gpd; gpz;zhf;fhf tUjy;
M. thduk;>vdgjd; nghUs;?
thduk; - Mz; Fuq;F
2. ‚ fhdth;fs; tpopnawpe;J thdtiu miog;gh; ftd rpj;jh;
te;J te;J fharpj;jp tpisg;gh;... "
m. ,jpy; fhdth;fs; vdg;gLNthh;?
Ntlh;fs;
fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
1. ,g;ghlypy;> fpuhkj;jth; kPjhd gue;j kdg;ghq;F vt;thW
ntspg;gLfpd;wJ? rptngUkhdplk; Ntz;lg;gLgit ahit?
,e; ehl;lhh; ghlypy; Clhf> Fwpj;j xU fpuhkk; kPJk; mf;
fpuhkj;jpy; tho;fpd;wth; eydpy; nfhz;Ls;s mf;fiwAk; moFw
vLj;Jiuf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. mt;tifapy; rptngUkhdplk; Ntz;bf;
nfhs;tjd; Clhf cotdpd; gue;j kdepiy Gyg;gLfpd;wJ. mtw;iw
Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
gl;bapy; khLfspd; vz;zpf;if ngUf Ntz;Lk; vd Ntz;Ljy;
ghw;ghid mjpfstpy; nghq;Ftjw;Fk; ney;Yk;> ghYk;
epiwe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk; vd Ntz;Ljy;
nry;tk; vq;Fk; ngUf Ntz;Lk; vd Ntz;Ljy;
cyfpy; cs;sth;fs; ed;whf tho Ntz;Lk; vd Ntz;Ljy;
ehL ed;whf nropj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;
kio ehl;by; ed;whf nga;a Ntz;Lk;
coTj; njhopy; rpwg;Gw Ntz;Lk;
tpdhf;fs;
01. ,g;ghlypy; Fwpg;gplg;gLk; fhty; nja;tk; ahu;?
Iadhu;
tpdhf;fs;
01. ,g;ghlypy; kPdth; gLk; Jd;gk; gw;wp ahJ $wg;gLfpd;wJ?
- cr;rp nta;apypy; cly; cUf flypy; kPd; gpbj;jy;
- fliy ek;gp mth;fs; tho;f;if tpsq;Fjy;
02. gy f\;uj;jpd; kj;jpapYk; ehd; cd; epidTlNd ,Uf;fpd;Nwd; vDk;
jd;ik vt;thW Gyg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.?
kz;id ek;gp kuk; ,Uf;fpwJ
kuj;ij ek;gp fpisapUf;fpwJ
fpisia ek;gp g+tpUf;fpwJ
G+it ek;gp gpQ;R ,Uf;fpwJ
gpQ;ir ek;gpg; gok; ,Uf;fpwJ
vdf; $wp ,ijg; NghyNt ehDk; cd;id ek;gp ,Uf;fpNwd;. ,it
xd;Wld; xd;W jq;fpapUg;gijg; Nghy ehDk; cd;id ek;gp
ehdpUf;fpNwd; vd; $wpfpd;whd;. NkYk; cr;rp nta;apypy; epd;W
cUFfpd;Nwd;> vd; cs;sk; cd;dplNk cs;sJ ,e;jf; f\;uj;jpd;
kj;jpapYk; ehd; cd; epidTlNd ,Uf;fpd;Nwd;. ,f; fUj;J Xh;
jiytd; jd; fhjypiaf; Fwpj;J ghLtjhfTk;> Xh; kPdtd; fliy
Nehf;fp ghLtjhfTk; ,U mh;j;jq;fspy; fhzKbAk;.
tpdhf;fs;
01. Mirf; fpspNa vd;u Mrpaj;J ck;khNt
Xirf; Fuy;Ny..
m. ,q;F Mrpaj;J ck;kh vdf; Fwpf;fg;gLtJ?
fhjypapd; ngah;
M. ,f;$w;W ahuhy; ciuf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ?
fhjydhy;
nghUs;
,ts;> Jd;gq;fs; midj;ijAk; cz;lhf;fpatSk;> gopahfpa
Foe;ijia tsh;f;Fk; jhahdtSk; Mths;. ,tsJ jPtpidahd
tapw;wpNy> ePz;l fhyk; fple;j vdf;F capuhfpa ghuk; Fiwe;J NjAk;
gbahf> cly;fs; vy;yhk; caphpy;yhjd vdj; Njhd;Wk; ,t; cyfpy;>
,ts; xUj;jp kl;LNk Jd;gkpy;yhj Kfj;ij cilats;. ,t;tsT
NeuKk; ,ts; Kfj;ijf; nfhz;Nl ,tis mwpe;jpUf;fhJ tpbd; ,Njh
,q;fpUg;gts; vd;idg; ngw;w ifNfap vd;whd; gujd;.
ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;
ctikazp> cUtfmzp
thrfhpd; kdjpy; fhl;rp Njhd;Wk; tifapy; ghly;fs; tpsq;Fjy;
gf;jpr; Ritapid gbg;gth; kdjpy; Vw;gLj;Jk; tifapy; ghly;fs;
,lk;ngw;wpUj;jy;
cjhuzk; - cjphpg;G+f;fs;
#y; nfhz;l fUNkfk; md;gpw;F vq;Fk; Xh; ngz;zpd;
ek;gpf;ifapd; FwpaPlhf fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ..
njhFg;ghrpupau;
. ,uh. ep\he;jd; B.A (Tamil)
. Mrpupau;
jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 95 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil
jpUf;Fws; - Ngijik
. myF - 01
√ jkpopy; Njhd;wp ePjp E}y;fspy; Kjd;ikahdjhf tpsq;Fk;
E}y; jpUf;FwshFk;.
√ ,e;E}y; rq;fkUtpa fhyj;jpy; Njhw;wk; ngw;wJ.
¦ FWe;njhif
FWe;njhif vd;gJ rq;f fhy vl;Lj; njhif E}y;fspy; xd;whFk;.
FWfpa mbfis nfhz;L tpsq;Ftjdhy; ,J FWe;njhif vd
miof;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
fhjy; rhh;e;j mf xOf;fj;jpid ghbapUg;gjhy; mfj;jpiz rhh;e;jjhf ,e;E}y;
fUjg;gLfpd;wJ.
,e;E}ypy; fpl;lj;jl;l 400 tiuahd ghly;fs; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd.
250 tiuahd Gyth;fs; ,e;E}ypy; ghly;fis ghbapUg;gjhfTk;
mwpag;gLfpd;wJ.
,e;E}iyj; njhFj;jth; G+hpf;Nfh vd Gyg;gLfpd;wJ.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. kh - Fjpiu
2. itak; - Njh;> tz;b
3. Ch;j;J - Vwpr; nrYj;jp
4. <h;j;J - ,Oj;J
5. cw;W - xd;whfr; Nrh;e;J
6. Cud; - jiytd; (kUj epyj;jiytd;)
7. Nfz;ik - el;G
8. nrwpjy; - ,WfpapUj;jy;
9. tis - tisay;fs;
nghUs; - jr;rdhy; nra;ag;gl;l rpwpa Fjpiufs; G+l;lg;gl;l rpwpa
Njhpid Vwpr; nrYj;jp ,d;gk; milah tpl;lhYk;> mjidj; jk;
iffshy; ,Oj;Jr; nrd;W ,d;gkilAk; rpWth;fisg; Nghy>
jiytDld; xd;whf Nrh;e;jpUe;J ,d;gkilahJ tpbDk;>
ey;y Njh;fisAk;> ePh; epiyfisAk; nfhz;l kUj epyj;jpd;
jiytDld; nfhz;l el;gpid ek; cs;sj;jpy; NkYk; NkYk; ngUfr;
nra;J ,d;gkile;Njhk;. mjdhy; jiytpapd; if tisay;fs; fPNo
fod;W tpohky; ifapy; ,Wf;fKw mike;jpUe;jd.
FW tpdhf;fs;
FW tpdh tpil
1.“ capUld; nrd;w xU kfs; jd;dpDQ;
nrapUld; te;j ,r; Nrapio jd;dpDk;..”
m. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; ahhplk; tpdtg;gl;lJ?
Nrud; nrq;Fl;Ltd; Ntz;khsplk;
M. ,q;F capUld; nrd;w xU kfs;> nrapUld; te;j Nrapio ahth;?
capUld; nrd;w xU kfs; - ghz;bkhNjtp
nrapUld; te;j Nrapio - fz;zfp
2.“ <kQ; Nrh; khiy Nghy ,ope;jplg;gl;l nrayhFk;..”
m. ,q;F gapyg;gl;Ls;s mzp ahJ?
ctikazp
M. <kQ;Nrh; khiy vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
gpzj;jpw;F ,lg;gl;l khiy
3.“ CdNkahd Cdpil ,Uf;Fk; caphpidj;
Jwe;Jnkhz; G+zhk;.”.
m. ,q;F ahUila ,yl;rpa newp $wg;gLfpd;wJ?
mh;r;Rdd;
M. vjidj; Jwe;J vjid fhf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;fpd;whd; mh;r;Rdd;?
capiuj; Jwe;J khdj;ij
4.“ epyj;jpDk; nghpNj thdpDk; cah;e;jd;W..”
m. ,t;tbfs; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s E}y; ahJ?
FWe;njhif
M. ,q;F ahUila ,yl;rpa newp Gyg;gLfpd;wJ?
jiytpapd; fhjy; epiy
fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
01. ,r;rpWfijapy;> %j;jk;khtpd; Fzg;gz;Gfis vLj;Jiuf;Ff.?
%j;jk;kh vDk; ,r; rpWfijapy; ,ioNahLk; gpujhd ghj;jpuf;
$W %j;jk;kh. Fij KOtJk; Kjd;ik ngw;W tUtJ ,g;ghj;jpukhFk;.
%j;jk;khtpd; Fztpay;Gfs; gw;wp ,q;F Nehf;FNthk;.
jd; Nguf;Foe;ijfs; kPJ Ngud;Gilats;
fij nrhy;ypj; J}q;f itj;jy;
czT Cl;b tpLjy;
ghlrhiyf;F Maj;jkhf;fp mDg;gp itg;gtu;
goikahd gof;ftoq;fq;fspy; ek;gpf;if cilats;
Neu;j;jpf;fld; itj;jy;
gf;Fy; fj;JtJ ahNuDk; ,wg;gjw;F mwpFwp vdf;$wpaik
jdJ md;whl tPl;LNtiyfis RWRWg;ghfTk;> cw;rhfj;JlDk;
nra;fpd;wtu;.
khl;by; ghy; fwg;gtu;
gps;isfis ghlrhiyf;F Maj;jkhf;fp mDg;gp itg;gtu;
gyfhuq;fs; nra;J Ngug;gps;isfSf;F cz;zf;nfhLg;gtu;
ntw;wpiy NghLtjpy; tpUg;gKilats;
Cuth;fspd; RfJf;fq;fs;> gpurtk; vd;gtw;wpy; mtu;fs; mioahkNy
nrd;W cjtpfs; Ghpgts;
Neha;te;jhYk; gLf;ifapy; gLf;fhJ tPl;L itj;jpaj;jpd; %yk;
Rfg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;gts;
my;Yf;Fj;J> fUfkzpkhiy> nrg;Gf;fhg;Gfs; vd;gtw;iw mzpe;J
myq;fukha; ,Ug;gts;.
ve;jnthUfhupUisAk; fpopj;Jf; nfhz;L elf;fpd;w ijhpaKk;
cw;rhfKk; cilats;
,t;thW %j;jk;khtpd; ghj;jpu thu;gG
; my;yJ %j;jk;khtpd;
Fzg;gz;Gfs; vDk; tifapy; njhFj;J Nehf;fKbAk;.
fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
01. ,f;ftpijapy; Njhl;lj; njhopyhsupd; mtyk; vt;thW
fhl;lg;;gl;Ls;sJ?
,f;ftpijapd; thapyhf Njhl;lj; njhopyhsh;fspd; mty
epiy gw;wp ftpQh; ghpTld; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;whh;.
Njhl;lj; njhopyhsh;fspd; fLikahd ciog;Gk;> mj;jF fbdkhd
ciog;gpw;F Vw;w Cjpak; toq;fg;glhik.
kz;izr; nropg;gilar; nra;tjw;F jkJ CidAk;> cliyAk; cukhf
njhopyhsh;fs; Cl;Lfpd;wdh;. mjhtJ Njapiyr; nrbfSf;F cukhf jk;
cliyNa Gijf;fpd;wdh;.
Njapiyr; nrbapd; fPo; Gijf;fg;gl;l je;ijapd; rpij Nky; kfDk; Vwp
epd;W Njaoiyf; nfhOe;J gwpj;jy;.
Njhl;lj; njhopyhsh;fs; ,we;j gpd;dUk; mth;fSf;F fy;yiw
vOg;ghik> mth;fs; jpahfk; Gfo;e;Jiuf;fg;glhik> mth;fs; epidT ehis
mD];bf;fhik vd;gdTk; mth;fspd; mty epiyapid fhl;b epw;fpd;wd.
01.
khkuj;jpd; fpisfspNy ke;jp ,dk; jhtp
khq;fdpfs; gwpj;J cz;L kfpoe ; J
; tpisahLk;
G+kuj;jpd; ,iyfspNy tz;bdq;fs; Nkhjpg;
GJkyu;fs; Nfhjp eW kJ mUe;jp MLk;
ghkuj;jpd; ghl;L ,irj;J gRq;Fapy;fs; $tpg;
gRq;fpspfs; GsfKwg; gUt ,iu NjLk;
rhkuj;jpd; xg;ghfr; rpwfbj;Jf; $br;
rJuhLk; kapyf ; s; vidf; ftp ghl itf;Fk;
mUk;gjk;
eWkJ - ,dpa Njd;
ghkuk; - ghl;bdhy; Mfpa kuk;
Gsfk; - kfpo;r;rp
rJuhLk; - elkhLk;
02.
njd;wypNy mire;jhLk; nre;ney; tay; fjpu;fs;
Njd; mUtp vd topAk; Vu; cotd; tpau;it
Fd;W vdNt epkpu;e;J Xq;fp FJ}fypfF; k; Njhs;fs;
Fzf;Fd;wha; cioj;J cz;Zk; Fytpsf;fhk; kdpjd;
Kd;wypNy kzy; mise;J Koq;fhypy; jto;eJ ;
Kj;J cjpu eif nra;Ak; nrhj;jhFk; koiy
fd;wpdJ cly; ef;fpf; fidf;fpd;w gRf;fs;
fiue;J mioj;J ,iu cz;Zk; fhf;iffspd; $l;lk;.
mUk;gjk;
Fd;W - kiy
eif - Gd;dif
03.
gdpf; $l;lk; tpul;b tUk; gfytdpd; tPuk;
grpf; $l;lk; tpul;b tUk; gz;G kpF <uk;
fdpf; $l;lk; mire;jhLk; fdp kuj;jpd; Nrhiy .
fUKfpyf ; s; jto tUk; fhu; fhy khiy
jdpjJ; epd;Wk; rj;jpaj;jhy; jiy epkpUk; kdpjd; .
jw;ngUik nfhs;shJ jiy jhOk; mwpQd;
,dpjj ; hYk; fre;jhYk; ,d;Kfj;ijf; fhl;Lk;
,y;yhspd; ,aw;if vopy; vd; kdij nty;Yk;.
fpUl;bzd; J}Jr;rUf;fk;
fijr; RUf;fk; .
1. nra; - tay;
2. jpUehL - FUehL/m];jpdhGuk;
3. tuhy; ,dk; - tuhy; kPd;fs;
4. cfOk; - cyTk;
5. mUk; fhdk; - mhpa fhL
6. cUj;J - Nfhgpj;J
7. nghuy; - Nghh; nra;jy;
8. mkuh; Nfhkhd; - Njth;fSf;F vy;yhk; jiytd;
nghUs; . .
tay;fspy; tuhy; kPd;fspd; $l;lk; cyTfpd;w mofpa FU ehl;il
rkhjhdkhfg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;s vz;zNkh? my;yJ kPzL ; k; Ngha; Jd;gk;
milgtuha; mhpa fhl;by; miye;J jphptjw;F vz;zNkh? my;yJ gifik
nfhz;L nra;Ak; Nghhpy; ekf;F vjphpy; gpiog;gth; ahh;? vd vz;zp tpiue;J
Nfhgk; nfhz;L vOe;J Nghh; nra;a vz;zNkh? cq;fs; ItUf;Fk; cyfj;jpid
MSk; epiy gw;wpa cz;ikahd vz;zk; ahJ? vd Njth;fspd; jiytdhd
fz;zd; tpdtpdhd;.
ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs; .
1. epidT - vz;zk;.
2. jhJ - kyhpjo;fs;.
3. msp - tz;L.
4. KuYk; - xypf;Fk;.
5. jz;gjp - Fsph;r;rp nghUe;jpa ehL.
6. jhak; - ehl;bd; gFjp
7. CJtis - xypf;Fk; rq;F.
8. nta;a fhyd; - nfhba akd;.
9. khJ}jh; - ak J}jh;fs;
ghlypd; nghUs;
eP fUizAld; vkf;fhf J}J nrd;W vk; epiyia mth;fSf;F
(JhpNahjdd; KjypNahh;f;F) vLj;Jr; nrhd;dhy; ek; vz;zg;gb kyhpjo;fspd;
kfue;jj; jhJf;fis jkJ thahy; Cjp tz;Lfs; hPq;fhuk; nra;Ak; Fsphr ; ;rp
nghUe;jpa ehl;ilAk; me; ehl;bw;Fhpa mjpfhuq;fisAk; JhpNahjdd;
jUthd;. mt;thW mtd; juhJ tpbd;> mjd; gpd; xypf;fpd;w rq;Ffspd; $l;lKk;
rpwe;j tyk;Ghpr; rq;FfSk; kpFjpahf xypf;f nfhba akdJ nghpa J}jh;fs;
kdk; kfpOkhW Nghh; nra;jhapDk; ehl;ilg; ngWNtd;. ,t;thW nra;tJ
gopAk; MfhJ. vdj; jUkd; $wpdhd;.
ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;
.
1. Ke;J - tpiue;J
2. ntk;gzp - nfhba ghk;G
3. %Jhh; - goikahd Ch; (m];jpdhGuk;)
4. ee;J - rq;F
5. Ejy; - new;wp.
6. kUg;G - nfhk;G
7. nrq;fz; - rpte;j fz;
8. khy; - jpUkhy;/fz;zd;
ghlypd; nghUs;
.