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தமிழ் இலக்கிய தொகுப்பு - தரம் 10,11

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79% found this document useful (14 votes)
36K views

தமிழ் இலக்கிய தொகுப்பு - தரம் 10,11

Uploaded by

sabisanbunny123
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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jkpo; nkhopAk; ,yf;fpaKk;

jkpo; ,yf;fpa tpdhtpilj; njhFg;G


juk; 10

njhFg;ghrpupau;
. ,uh. ep\he;jd; B.A (Tamil)
. Mrpupau;
jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 1 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil
vd;Diu
md;ghd khztu;fNs..
juk; 10>11 khztu;fSf;fhd Gjpa ghlj;jpl;lj;jpd; mbg;gilapy;
jkpo; nkhopAk; ,yf;fpaKk; ghlk; rhu;e;J jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;gpy;
nra;Al; gFjp> kw;Wk; ciueilg; gFjpfis cs;slf;fpa
ghl myFfs; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd. jkpo;g; ghlj;jpd;; tpdhj;jhs;
fl;likg;gpy; gFjp III ,y; ,lk; ngwf;$ba FWtpdh> nra;As; kw;Wk;
ciug;gFjp rhh;e;j FWtpdhf;fs;> kw;Wk; fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
vDk; mikg;gpy;; 80 Gs;spfis ngWtjw;F ,e;j Gj;jfk; cq;fSf;F
cjtpahf ,Uf;Fk;. mjd;gb ,e;E}ypy; gFjp III tpdhj;jhs;
fl;likg;gpw;F Vw;g tpil mspf;ff; $bathW tpdhf;fSk; tpilAk;
njhFf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. mit ,yFthd FWfpa tpdh tpil mikg;gpy;
njhFf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. cq;fSila tpdhj;jhs; fl;likg;gpy;
Nfl;fg;gLk; tpdhf;fspd; mikg;gpNyNa xt;nthU ghl myfpd;
gpd;dUk; tpdh tpilfs; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. mtw;iw rupahf ePqf ; s;
gbj;J kdg;ghlk; nra;J nfhz;lhy; guPl;irapy; $ba Gs;spfisg;
ngw;Wf;nfhs;s KbAk;. fw;wypy; ,lu;gLk; khztu;fSf;F ,e;j
tpdhtpilj; njhFg;ghdJ ngUk; cjtpahf mikAk; vd
vjpu;g;ghu;ff
; pd;Nwd;. midj;J khztu;fSk; ,e;jg; Gj;jfj;ij
gaDilajhf gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.
ed;wp

,uh. ep\he;jd; B.A (Tamil)


Mrpupau;
njhiyNgrp ,y - 0770577895

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 2 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ePjpg;ghly;fs;
. (myF 01)
 kdpj tho;f;ifia nrk;ikg; gLj;Jk;> ey; topg;gLj;Jk; ePjpf; fUj;Jf;fis ghly;fshf
nfhz;bUg;git ePjpg;ghly;fshFk;.
 ,j;jifa ePjp ghly;fis nfhz;like;j ePjp E}y;fshf jpUf;Fws;> ehybahh;>
jphpfLfk;> %Jiu> ey;top> ,dpait ehw;gJ> tpNtfrpe;jhkzp Nghd;wtw;iw
Fwpg;gplyhk;.
1.1 tpNtf rpe;jhkzp
 ,t; ,yf;fpak; ehaf;fh; fhyj;jpy; Njhd;wpajhf mwpag;gLfpd;wJ.
 ,jd; Mrphpah; ahnud ,J tiu mwpag;gltpy;iy
 gy;Rit kpf;f ghly;fs; gytw;iwj; jd;dfj;Nj nfhz;like;j E}y; ,JthFk;.
mwpTilNahh; nraYk;> mwptw;Nwhh; nraYk;
ghly; (re;jp gphpj;j gpd;)
jz; jhkiu cld; gpwe;Jk; jz; Njd;
. Efuh kz;^fk;
tz;Nlh fhdfj;J ,ilapUe;J te;J
. fky kJ cz;Zk;
gz;Nl gofp ,Ue;jhYk; mwpahh;
. Gy;yh; ey;Nyhiuf;
fz;Nl fspj;jq;F cwthbj; jk;kpy;
. fyg;gh; fw;NwhNu.
 mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. jz; jhkiu - Fsph;r;rp nghUe;jpa jhkiu
2. kz;^fk; - jtis
3. jz; Njd; - Fspu;r;rpahd Njd;
4. Efuh - cz;zhJ
5. fhdfk; - fhL
6. fkyk; - jhkiu
7. kJ - Njd;
8. Gy;yh; - mwptpy;yhjth;

 nghUs;
jtisahdJ> Fsph;r;rp nghUe;jpa jhkiuAld; xd;whfg;
gpwe;jpUe;jhYk;> me;jj; jhkiu kyhpYs;s Fsph;r;rpahd Njid
cz;zhJ. Mdhy; tz;lhdJ fhl;by; ,Ue;J te;J me;jj; jhkiu
kyhpYs;s Njid tpUk;gp cz;Zk;. mJ Nghy ePz;l ehl;fs; gofp
,Ue;jhYk; mwptpy;yhjth;fs; ey;yth;fspd; cah;Fzq;fis mwpa
khl;lhh;fs;. Mdhy; mwpTilNahh; ey;yth;fis fz;lJk; mth;fspd;
ew;f;Fzq;fis clNd mwpe;J nfhz;L kfpo;r;rpAld; mth;fSld;
cwthb xd;W gl;L fye;J tho;th;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 3 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 tpdhf;fs;
1. “ jz;lhkiuAld; gpwe;Jk; jz;Nld; Efuh kz;^fk;...”
m. ,q;F kz;^fk; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 jtis
M. jz;lhkiu vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ>?
 Fsph;r;rp nghUe;jpa jhkiu
2. “ gz;Nl gofp ,Ue;jhYk; mwpahh; Gy;yh; ey;Nyhiu...”
m. ,q;F Gy;yh; vdf; Fwpg;gJ ahiu?
 mwptw;wtiu/mwptpy;yhjtiu
M. mwptpy;yhjth; nray; vt;thW ntspg;gLfpwJ?
 ePz;l fhyk; gofp ,Ue;jhYk; ey;yth;
Fzq;fis mwpakhl;lhh;fs;
3. “ tz;Nlh fhdfj;J ,ilapUe;J te;J
fky kJ cz;Zk;..”
m. fhdfk; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; fUj;J ahJ?
 fhL
M. fkyk; vd;gjd; Clhf ntspg;gLk; nghUs; ahJ?
 jhkiu
4. ,g;ghlypy; mwpTilNahh;> mwptw;Nwhh; nray;fs; vt;thW
ntspg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ?
 mwpTilNahh; nrayhdJ ey;yth;fis fz;lTld; mth;fspd;
Fzq;fis my;yJ ey;y ,ay;Gis mwpe;J nfhz;L kfpo;r;rpAld;
mth;fsplk; cwthb jk;kpy; fUj;J hPjpapy; xd;WgLth;. ,J
tz;lhdJ fhl;by; ,Ue;J te;J jhkiuapy; cs;s Njid tpUk;gp
cz;Zk; nraiyg; Nghd;wJ. ,jid>
“ fz;Nl fspj;jq;F cwthbj; jk;kpy; fyg;gu; fw;NwhNu..”
vDk; ghlybapd; thapyhf fz;L nfhs;syhk;.
 mwptw;Nwhh; nrayhdJ ePz;l fhyk; gofp ,Ue;jhYk;
ey;yth;fspd; cah; Fzq;fis mth;fs; mwpe;J nfhs;skhl;lhh;fs;.
mj;Jld; ey;yth;fNshL cwthlTk; khl;lhh;fs;. ,J jtisahdJ
jhkiu kyUld; xd;whfg; gpwe;J ePz;lfhyk; tho;e;J te;jhYk; me;j
jhkiuapy; cs;s Fspu;r;rpahd Njid cz;zhJ vDk; nraYf;F
xg;ghdJ. ,jid>
“ gz;Nl gofp ,Ue;jhYk; mwpahu; Gy;yu;..”
vDk; mbfspy; fhzKbAk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 4 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


5. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s ctikazpfis tpsf;Ff.?
 mwptpy;yhjth; nrayhdJ jtisapd; ,ay;Gf;F xg;gpl;Lf;
$wg;gl;Ls;sJ
ctkhdk; - jtis
ctNkak; - mwptpy;yhjth;
nghJj;jd;ik - mwpahik
 mwpTilath; nrayhdJ tz;bd; ,ay;Gf;F xg;gpl;Lf;
$wg;gl;Ls;sJ
ctkhdk; - tz;L
ctNkak; - mwpTilath;
nghJj;jd;ik - mwpTilik
6. ghlypy;> jtis> tz;L vd;gtw;wpd; ,ay;Gfs; vt;thW
Gyg;gLfpd;wd?
jtis - ePh; epiyapy; jhkiuAld; xd;whf ,Uj;jhYk;
jhkiuapy; cs;s Njid mUe;jhJ.
 tz;L - fhl;by; ,Ue;J te;J jhkiuapy; cs;s Njid
tpUk;gp mUe;Jk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 5 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


1. 2 ntw;wpNtw;if
 ,e;E}y; mjptPuuhk ghz;badhy; ,aw;wg;gl;lJ.
 ,e;E}y; eWe;njhif vdTk; miof;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
cUtj;jpy; rpwpNahu; vy;yhk; rpwpau; my;yu;
ghly; (re;jp gphpj;j gpd;)
Njk;gL gidapd; jpus; gOj;J xU tpij
thd; cw Xq;fp tsk; ngw tshpDk;
xUtUf;F ,Uf;f epoyhfhNj
njs;spa Mypd; rpW goj;J xU tpij
njs; ePh;f; faj;J rpW kPd; rpidapYk;
Ez;zpNj MapDk; mz;zy; ahid
mzpNjh; Gutp Ms; ngUk; gilnahL
kd;dh;f;F ,Uf;f epoyhFNk
mjdhy; nghpNahnuy;yhk; nghpaUk; my;yh;
rpWNahh; vy;yhk; rpwpaUk; my;yh;.
ghly; nfhz;L $l;Lk; Kiw
gidapd; Njk;gL jpus; gOj;J xU tpij
thd; cw Xq;fp tsk; ngw tshpDk;
xUtUf;F ,Uf;f epoyhfhNj
njs; ePh;f; faj;J rpW kPd; rpidapYk;
njs;spa Mypd; rpW goj;J xU tpij Ez;zpNj
MapDk; mz;zy; ahid
mzpNjh; Gutp Ms; ngUk; gilnahL
kd;dh;f;F ,Uf;f epoyhFNk
mjdhy; nghpNahnuy;yhk; nghpaUk; my;yh;
rpWNahh; vy;yhk; rpwpaUk; my;yh;.
 mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. Njk;gL - Rit kpf;f/,dpik kpf;f
2. jpus; - jpuz;l
3. fak; - Fsk;
4. rpid - Kl;il (kPdpd; Kl;il)
5. mz;zy; ahid - jiyikj;Jtk; kpf;f ahid
6. Gutp - Fjpiu
 nghUs;
gid kuj;jpDila Ritkpf;f jpuz;l goj;jpy; cs;s
xU tpijahdJ thd; cau tsk; ngw tsh;e;jpUg;gpDk; mJ xUth;
jq;fp ,Uf;f epoy; juhJ. Mdhy; Mykuj;jpd; rpwpa goj;jpd;
tpijahdJ Fsj;jpy; thOk; rpW kPdpd; Kl;ilia tplTk; kpfTk;
rpwpaJ vd;whYk; mJ Kisj;J nghpa kuk; Mfpa gpd;
ahid> Fjpiu> Njh;> fhyhl;gil Kjypatw;NwhL kd;dd; xUtd;
jq;fp ,Uf;f epoiyj; jUk;. vdNt cly; mikg;gpy; nghpNahh; Nghy
fhl;rpaspg;gth; midtUk; nghpatUk; my;yh;. rpwpath; Nghy
fhl;rpaspg;gth; cz;ikapy; rpwpatUk; my;yh;.
jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 6 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil
 tpdhf;fs;
1. “ Njk;gL gidapd; jpus; gOj;J xU tpij
thd; cw Xq;fp tsk; ngw tshpDk;...”
m. ,q;F Njk;gL vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 Rit kpf;f/,dpik kpf;f
M. ,t;tbfspd; gapd;W te;Js;s mzp ahJ?
 cah;T etpw;rpazp - thDw xq;fp tsk; ngw
tsUjy;
2. “ njs; ePh;f; faj;J rpW kPd; rpidapYk; Ez;zpNj..”
m. ,q;F fak; vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; nghUs; ahJ?
 Fsk;
M. rpid vd;gjhy; ePh; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;tJ?
 Kl;il (kPd; Kl;il)
3. “mz;zy; ahid mzpNjh; Gutp Ms; ngUk;
gilnahL...”
m. mz;zy; ahid vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 jyikj;Jtk; kpf;f ahid/ngUik kpf;f ahid
M. ,q;F ntspg;gLk; ehw;gilfisAk; Fwpg;gpLf?
 ahidg;gil> Fjpiug;gil> Njh;gg
; il> fhyhl;gil

4. ,g;ghlypy; $wg;gLk; ePjpf;fUj;Jf;fs; vit?


,g;ghlypy; ntspg;gLk; ePjpf;fUj;Jf;fis Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
 cUtj;jpy; nghpath;fs; vy;NyhUk; Fzj;jpdhy; cah;e;jth;fs;
my;yh; vDk; jd;ik gid kuj;jpd; tpijapd; ,ay;NghL xg;gpl;L
tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. gidkuk; ngupa tpijapy; ,Ue;J thDau
tsu;e;jpUg;gpDk; xUtu; jq;fpapUf;f epoiyj; juhJ.
 cUtj;jpy; rpwpath;fs; vy;NyhUk; Fzj;jpdpy; jho;e;jth;fSk;
my;yh; vDk; fUj;J Mykuj;jpd; ,ay;NghL xg;gpl;L tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
Myk;goj;jpd; tpij kPdpd; Kl;ilia tplTk; kpfr; rpwpaJ vdpDk; mJ
tsu;e;J ngupa kukhdJk; murd; xUtd; ehw;gilfSld; jq;fp
,Ug;gjw;F epoiyj; jUk;.
vdNt cUtj;ij itj;J xUtiu ehk; mtu;fs; Fzq;fis vil
Nghlf;$lhJ ePjpf;fUj;J ,g;ghlypy; vLj;Jf;fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 7 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


5 . gidkuk; (gidku tpij)> Mykuk; (Mykutpij) vd;gtw;wpd;
,ay;Gfis Fwpg;gpLf?
gidkuk; - Rit kpFe;j nghpa tpijapypUe;J

thDau tsh;e;jpUg;gpDk; mJ xUth; jq;fpapUg;gjw;F epoy;
juhJ.
Mykuk;
 - kpfr; rpwpa tpijapypUe;J
Kisj;J tsh;e;jpUg;gpDk; ehw;gilfSld; murd; xUtd; jq;fp
,isg;ghWtjw;F epoy; ju ty;yJ.
6. ,g;ghlypy; cs;s ctikfisf; Fwpg;gpl;L tpsf;Ff?
 gid kuj;jpd; cUtk; nghpath; ,ay;Gf;F
ctkpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
ctkhdk; - gidapd; nghpa tpij .
ctNkak; - cUtj;jpy; nghpath;
nghJj;jd;ik - Njhw;wk;
 My kuj;jpd; cUtk; rpwpath; ,ay;Gf;F
ctkpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
ctkhdk; - Mykuj;jpd; rpwpa tpij
ctNkak; - cUtj;jpy; rpwpath;
nghJj;jd;ik - Njhw;wk;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 8 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


1.3 thf;Fz;lhk;; (%Jiu)
 ,e;E}y; xsitahuhy; ,aw;wg;gl;lJ.
 ,e;E}y; %Jiu vdTk; mwpag;gLfpd;wJ.
 ,e; E}ypd; flTs; tho;j;Jg; ghly; thf;Fz;lhk;.. vdj; njhlq;Ftjhy; ,e;
E}Yf;F tf;Fz;lhk; vDk; ngah; toq;fg;gl;lJ.
mlf;fKilatu; ,ay;G
ghly; (re;jp gphpj;j gpd;)
mlf;fk; cilahh; mwptpyhh; vd;W vz;zpf;
flf;ff; fUjTk; Ntz;lh(k;) - kilj;jiyapy;
XL kPd; Xl cWkPd; tUksTk;
thb ,Uf;Fkhk; nfhf;F.
nfhz;L $l;b thrpj;jy;
nfhf;F kilj;jiyapy; XL kPd; Xl
cWkPd; tUksTk; thb ,Uf;Fkhk;
mlf;fk; cilahh; mwptpyhh; vd;W vz;zpf;
flf;ff; fUjTk; Ntz;lhk;
 mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. kilj;jiy - ePh; XLk; tha;f;fhy;
. 2. cWkPd; - nghpa kPd;
. 3. mwptpyh; - mwptpy;yhjth;
. 4. flf;f - nty;Ytjw;F
 nghUs;
nfhf;fhdJ ePh; XLk; tha;f;fhypy; rpwpa kPd;fis Xl tpl;L
nghpa kPdhdJ tUk; tiuf;Fk; fhj;jpUf;Fk;. mJ Nghy
(jkf;F jFjpahdth; my;yJ jFe;j fhyk; tUk; tiuf;Fk;)
nghWikNahL fhj;jpUg;Nghiu mwptpy;yhjth; vdf; fUjp mth;fis
nty;tjw;F Kaw;rpf;f Ntz;lhk;.
 tpdhf;fs;
1. “ kilj;jiyapy; XL kPd; Xl cWkPd; tUksTk;
thb ,Uf;Fkhk; nfhf;F...
m. ,q;F klj;jiy vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 ePh; XLk; tha;f;fhy;
M. cWkPd; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ>?
 nghpa kPd; (cW vd;gJ cupr;nrhy;yhFk;)

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 9 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


2. ,g;ghlypy; $wg;gLk; ePjpf; fUj;J ahJ ?
,g;ghlypy; ntspg;gLk; ePjpf; fUj;jpid Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
mlf;fKilath;fs; jkf;fhd jFe;j fhyk; tUk; tiuf;Fk;
nghWikNahL fhj;jpUg;gh;. mt;thW nghWikNahL ,Ug;Nghiu
mwptpy;yhjth; vdf; fUjp mth;fis nty;tjw;F fUjf;$lhJ vDk;
fUj;J Gyg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.
3. ,g;ghlypy;> mlf;fKilathpd; ,ay;G vt;thW fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ?
mlf;fKilatu;fs;> jkf;fhd jFe;j fhyk; tUk; tiuf;Fk;
my;yJ jkJ nraiy Mw;Wtjw;F jFe;j re;jh;g;gk; tUk; tiuf;Fk;
mlf;fj;Jld;> nghWikAld; fhj;jpUg;ghh;fs;. ePu; XLk; tha;f;fhypy;
nfhf;F rpwpa kPd;fis Xl tpl;L vt;thW jdJ czTf;F jFe;j ngupa
kPdpd; tUiff;fhf thl;lj;Jld; nghWikNahL fhj;jpUf;fpd;wNjh mijg;
Nghy mlf;fKilahUk; jkf;fhd jFe;j vjpup my;yJ jFe;j re;ju;g;gk;
tUk; tiuf;Fk; nghWikAld; fhj;jpUg;ghu;fs;. vdNt mt;thW
mlf;fj;Jld; ,Ug;gtu;fis mwptpy;yhjtu; vd epidj;J mtu;fis
vspjpy; ntd;Wtplyhk; vd fUjf;$lhJ.
4. ,g;ghlypy;> nfhf;fpd; ,ay;G vt;thW vLj;Jf;fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ?
ePh; XLk; tha;f;fhypy; rpwpa kPd;fis Xl tpl;L nghpa kPd; tUk;
tiuf;Fk; thl;lKld; fhj;jpUf;Fk;. mjhtJ jd; czTf;F jFe;j
nghpa kPd; tUk; tiu nghWikNahL ,Uf;Fk; vd;gjd; Clhf nfhf;fpd;
,ay;G ,q;F fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ.
5. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s ctikazpia Fwpg;gpl;L tpsf;Ff?
mlf;fKilath;fspd; nrayhdJ nfhf;fpd; nraYf;F xg;gpl;L
$wg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,q;F>
ctkhdk; - mlf;fKld; fhj;jpUf;Fk; nfhf;F
. ctNkak; - re;ju;gg
; j;jpw;fhf fhj;jpUf;Fk; mlf;fKilath;
. nghJj;jd;ik - fhj;jpUj;jy;> nghWik

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 10 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


1.4 jpupfLfk;
 ,e;E}y; rq;fkUtpa fhyj;jpy; Njhd;wpaJ.
 gjpndd; fPo;f; fzf;F E}y;fspy; xd;whf tpsq;FtJ.
 ey;yhjdhuhy; ,J ,aw;wg;gl;lJ.
 kUj;Jtg; ngauhy; mikag; ngw;w E}yhf ,J mwpag;gLfpd;wJ.

xUtDf;F ed;ik gaf;fhj %d;W


(ghly; re;jp gphpj;j gpd;)
fzf;fhah; ,y;yhj CUk; gpzf;F mWf;Fk;
%j;Njhiu ,y;yh mitf;fsDk; ghh;j;J cz;Zk;
jd;ik ,yhsh; may; ,Ug;Gk; ,k; %d;Wk;
ed;ik gaj;jy; ,y
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. fzf;fhah; - Mrphpah;> XJtpg;gth;
2. gpzf;F - gpur;rid> Kuz;ghL
3. mitf;fsd; - mwptpy; rpwe;j ngupNahu; $Lk; rig
4. may; ,Ug;G - gf;fj;jpy; ,Uj;jy;
5. gaj;jy; - jUtJ> nfhLg;gJ
6. %j;Njhh; - KjpNahh;> nghpNahh;
nghUs;
mwpT E}y;fisf; fw;Wj; jUk; Mrphpah;fs; ,y;yhj CUk>;
gpur;ridfisj; jPu;jJ
; itf;fpd;w nghpNahh;fis nfhz;buhj rigAk;>
kw;wth;fSf;F nfhLj;J cz;zhj jd;ik nfhz;ltu;fs; mUfpy;
,Uj;jYk;> ,k; %d;Wk; xUtUf;F ed;ikia jUtd my;y.
 tpdhf;fs;
1. “ fzf;fhah; ,y;yhj CUk; gpzf;F mWf;Fk;
%j;Njhiu ,y;yh mitf;fsDk;...
m. ,q;F fzf;fhah; vdf; Fwpg;gJ ahiu?
 Mrphpah;
M. %j;Njhhplk; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLk; flik ahJ?
 gpur;ridia jPh;j;J itj;jy;
2. ,g;ghlypd; gpujhd fUj;J ahJ?
Mrphpah; ,y;yhj Ch;> Kjpath;fs; ,y;yhj rig> czit
gFj;J cz;zhjth; may; ,Uj;jy; vd;gd xUtDf;F ed;ik
jUtjpy;iy.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 11 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


3. xUth; tho;f;iff;F ed;ik juhjit vdthW $wg;gLgit vit?
,g;ghlypy; xUtDf;F ed;ik gaf;fhj %d;W fUj;Jf;fis
gpd;tUkhW Nehf;fyhk;>
 Mrphpah; ,y;yhj Ch;
 mwpTk;> mDgtKk; tha;e;j %j;Njhh; ,y;yhj rig
 czit gfph;e;J nfhLj;J cz;Zfpd;wtu;fs; maypy;
,y;yhik
4. jphpfLfk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
jphp vd;gJ %d;W fLfk; vd;gJ Rf;F> kpsF> jpg;gpyp
vd;gtw;iw Fwpf;Fk;. ,it cly; eyj;ij Ngz cjTfit. ,J Nghy
%d;W ePjpf;fUj;Jf;fs jphpfLfk; ghly;fspy; ,lk;ngw;wpUf;Fk;. mit
tho;f;ifapy; cah;T ngw cjTgit.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 12 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


1.5 KJnkhopntz;gh
 ,e; E}y; \hpGj;jPd; Gytuhy; ,aw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ.
 ,e; E}ypy; cs;s ghly;fs; xt;nthd;wpYk; xU KJ nkhopahdJ
,lk;ngw;wpUf;Fk; vd;gJ fUjp ,J KJnkhopntz;gh vdg;gLfpd;wJ.
kdk; nfhz;lNj khspif - ghly; (re;jp gphpj;j gpd;)
cg;gpyhf; fQ;rpapid cz;Zk; mWRit Nghy;
jg;gpa fe;ijg; gPjhk;guk; Nghy; - xg;Gk;
gidNahiyg; ghapy; gLj;J cwq;Fk; tho;thh;
kdk; nfhz;lJ khspif
 mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. jg;gpa - Jitj;j
2. fe;ij - fpope;j Mil
3. gPjhk;guk; - gl;lhil> nghd;dhil
4. xg;Gk; - xg;ghdJ>

 nghUs;
cg;gpy;yhky; fha;r;rpa fQ;rpia mWRit czthf fUjp
cz;Lk;> Jitj;Jf; fpope;j Milia gl;lhilahf fUjp cLj;Jk;>
,tw;wpw;F ,izahf gidNahiyahy; ,iof;fg;gl;l ghapy; gLj;J
cwq;fpAk; kdj;jpUg;jpAld; tho;NthUf;F kdk; nfhz;lNj
khspifahFk;.
 tpdhf;fs;
1. ,g;ghlypy; cg;gpy;yh fQ;rp vdf; fUJtJ vjid?
 cg;G ,lg;glhj fQ;rp
2. ghlypy; jg;gpa fe;ij vd;gjd; nghUs;?
 Jitj;Jf; fpope;j Mil
3. gPjhk;guk; vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; fUj;J ahJ?
 gl;lhil
4. kdq; nfhz;lJ khspif vDk; KJnkhopf;F epfuhd gonkhop
ahJ?
 NghJnkd;w kdNk nghd; nra;Ak; kUe;J
5. ,g;ghlypy; kdk; nfhz;lNj khspif.. vDk; fUj;J vt;thW
vLj;Jf;fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ?
ghlypy; gpd;tUk; fUj;Jf;fs; thapyhf kdk; nfhz;lNj
khspif vDk; jd;ik Gyg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.
- cg;gpy;yhj fQ;rpapid mWRit czthf fUjp cz;Zjy;
- fpope;j Milapid Njha;j;J gl;lhilahf fUjp mzpjy;
- gidNahiyahy; gpd;dg;gl;l ghapy; gLj;J cwq;Fjy;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 13 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


1.6 ehybahu;
 ,e;E}y; rq;fkUtpa fhyj;jpy; Njhw;wk; ngw;wjhFk;.
 ehd;F mbfis nfhz;L mikag; ngw;w E}y; ,JthFk;.
 ehD}W rkz Kdpth;fshy; ,e;E}y; ,aw;wg;gl;ljhFk;.
 jpUf;Fwspd; cs;slf;fj;jpid xj;Js;sjhf ,e;E}y; mikTWfpd;wJ.
 ehybahUf;F ciu vOjpath; gJkdhh;.
ey;yth; el;Gk; jPath; el;Gk;
ghly; (re;jp gphpj;j gpd;)
ahid midath; ez;G xhp, eha; midahh;
Nfz;ik joP,f; nfhsy; Ntz;Lk; ahid
mwpe;J mwpe;Jk; ghfidNa nfhy;Yk;
vwpe;j Nty; nka;ajh thy; Fiof;Fk; eha;
 mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. midath; - Nghd;wth;
2. ez;GXhp, - el;gpid tpsf;fp
3. Nfz;ik - el;G
4. nka;ajh - clk;gpy; cUtp epw;wy;
5. thy; Fiof;Fk; - thy; Ml;Lk;
 nghUs;
ahid Nghd;w FzKilatupd; el;gpid tpyf;fp ehiag; Nghd;w
FzKilatupd; el;gpid ehk; jOtpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. Vnddpy;
ahidahdJ jd;id cztspj;J tsu;j;j ghfidNa Nfhgk; te;jhy;
nfhd;W tpLk; ,ay;GilaJ. Mdhy; ehNah jd;id tsh;e;jth; jd;
kPJ Nfhgpj;J vwpe;j Nty; jd; clk;gpy; cUtp ,Uf;ff;$bajhf
thiy tisj;J Ml;Lk;.
 tpdhf;fs;
01. “ ahid midath; ez;G xhp, eha; midahh;
Nfz;ik joP,f; nfhsy; Ntz;Lk;...”
m. ,q;F ez;G xhP, vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 el;gpid tpyf;fp
M. Nfz;ik vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 el;G
02. “ vwpe;j Nty; nka;ajh thy; Fiof;Fk; eha;..”
m. nka;ajh vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 clk;gpy; cUtp epw;wy;
M. thy; Fiof;Fk; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; nghUs; ahJ?
 thiy tisj;J Ml;Lk;
jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 14 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil
03. ehybahyu; $Wk; rpwe;j el;gpidAk;> $lh el;gpidAk;
vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf?
ehybahu; ghly; $Wk; rpwe;j el;gpid Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
eha; Nghd;w el;gpid jOtpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. Vnddpy; ehahdJ
jd; vrkhd; Nfhgk; nfhz;L vwpe;j Nty; jd; clk;gpy; cUtp ,Uf;Fk;
gbahfTk; thiy tisj;J Ml;Lk;. mjhtJ ed;wpf; Fzj;ij eha;
ntspg;gLj;Jk;. gopthq;Fk; Fzk; ehaplk; ,y;iy. vdNt eha; Nghd;W
ed;wp kwthj FzKilahh; el;gpid ngWtJ rpwg;ghFk; vd;gJ
ehybahh; fUj;jhFk;. ,jid>
“ ehaizahu; Nfz;ik nfoP,f; nfhsy; Ntz;Lk;..”
vDk; ghlyb ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wJ.
ehybahu; ghly; $Wk; $lh el;gpid Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
ahid Nghd;W FzKilatu; el;gpid ePf;f Ntz;Lk;. Vnddpy; ahid
jd;id cztspj;J md;NghL tsh;ej ; ghfidNa Nfhgk; te;jhy;
nfhd;W tpLk; ,ay;GilaJ. ahid gop thq;Fk; czh;r;rpAilaJ.
MfNt ed;wp kwe;J gopthq;Fk; ,ay;G nfhz;l ahid Nghd;w
FzKilath; el;gpid ehk; jtpu;f;f Ntz;Lk; vd;fpd;wJ ehybahh;.
,jid>
“ ahid midatu; ez;GXup,..”
vDk; mbapy; fz;L nfhs;sKbAk;.
04. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s ctikazpfis tpsf;Ff.?
 jPath; el;G ahidapd; Fzj;ij Nghd;wJ.
ctkhdk; - ghfid nfhy;Yk; ahid
ctNkak; - jPath; el;G
nghJj;jd;ik - ed;wp kwj;jy;
 ey;Nyh; el;G ehapd; Fzj;ij Nghd;wJ.
ctkhdk; - thy; Ml;b Fiyf;Fk; eha; .
ctNkak; - ey;yth; el;G .
nghJj;jd;ik - ed;wp kwthik.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 15 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


1.7 ,dpait ehw;gJ
 rq;f kUtpa fhyj;jpy; Njhd;wpa E}y; ,JthFk;.
 G+jQ;Nre;jdhuhy; ,J ,aw;wg;gl;lJ.
xUtDf;F ,dpik jUk; %d;W
ghly; (re;jp gphpj;j gpd;)
fw;whh; Kd; fy;tp ciuj;jy; kpf ,dpNj
kpf;fhiu Nrh;jy; kpfkhd Kd; ,dpNj
vs;JizahDk; ,uthJjhd; <jy;
vj;JizAk; Mw;wy; ,dpJ.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
.

1. kpf;fhh; - mwptpy; rpwe;jth;


2. vs;Jiz - kpfr; rpwpJ> vt;tsTk;
3. <jy; - nfhLj;jy;
4. ,dpJ - ,dpikahdJ
nghUs;
fw;wth;fs; Kd;dhy; jhk; fw;w fy;tpia vLj;Jiuj;jYk;>
mwptpy; rpwe;jtUld; Nrh;tJk;> vs; msTk; gpwhplk; ,uthJ
(thq;fhJ) jhd; gpwUf;F nfhLj;jy; ,tw;iw ve;j epiyapYk; nra;J
tho;tJ ,dpikahdjhFk;.
 tpdhf;fs;
1. kpf;fhu; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 mwptpy; rpwe;j ngupNahu;
2. ahhpd; Kd;ghf fy;tp ciuj;jy; ,dpikahdJ?
 fw;wth;fs; Kd;ghf
3. ahiu Nrh;e;jpUj;jy; kpfTk; ,dpikahdJ?
 mwptpy; rpwe;jth;fs;
4. vs;Jiz vd;gjhy; fUjg;gLtJ?
 rpwpjsT
5. <jy; vd;gjd; xj;j fUj;J ahJ?
 nfhLj;jy;
6. xUtDf;F ,dpik jUk; nray;fs; vitnad $wg;gLfpwJ?
,g;ghlypy; xUtDf;F ,dpik jUk; nray;fshf>
- fw;wth; Kd;ghf jhk; fw;wp fy;tpia ciuj;jy;
- mwptpy; rpwe;j nghpath;fSld; NrUjy;
- rpwpjsTk; gpwhplk; thq;fhJ mth;fSf;F nfhLj;jy;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 16 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ehtyh; vOe;jhh; - fl;Liu
. myF 02
fl;Liuahrphpah; - gz;bjkzp rp. fzgjpg;gps;is
fl;Liu ,lk; ngw;Ws;s E}y; njhFg;G - ,yf;fpa top
MWKfehtyupd; Neu;ik kw;Wk; mtuJ MSik vd;gtw;iw
,f;fl;Liuapy; fz;L nfhs;sKbAk;. ,yq;if rl;lrigg;
gpujpepjpj;Jtj;jpw;F nghUj;jkhd xUtiu njupT nra;tjw;fhf eilngw;w
$l;lj;jpy; ehtyu; mtu;fspd; cly; eyf;FiwT> gpwpw;Nwhtpd; Neu;ikaw;w
nray;> ehtyu; mtu;fs; tPW nfhz;L vOe;J gpwpw;Nwhtpd; jtiwr;
Mjhuj;Jld; Rl;bf;fhl;baik vd;gtw;iw ,f;fl;Liu thapyhf gbj;Jf;
nfhs;sKbAk;.
tpdhf;fs;
1. nrd;id rh;tfyhrhiyahh; Kjd; Kjypy; elhj;jpa
gp.V ghPli
; rapy; rpj;jpaile;j aho;g;ghzj;jth; ,UtUk; ahth;?
 it. tpRtehjg;gps;is
 rp. it. jNkhjuk;gps;is
2.,yq;if rl;lrigapy; ,yq;ifg; gpujpepjpj;Jtj;jpw;F Nghl;bapl;l
,UtUk; ahth;?
 Nrh;. Nghd;. ,uhkehjd;
 gpwpw;Nwh
3. md;W eilngw;w $l;lj;jpw;F fl;Liuahrphpau; itj;j ngah; ahJ?
 thjkfh rig
4. md;iwa $l;lj;jpw;F jyik jhq;f Ntz;bath; ahh;? jiyik
jhq;fpath; ahh;?
 jiyik jhq;f Ntz;bath; - MWKfehtyh;
 jiyik jhq;fpath; - it. tp];tehjg;gps;is
5. tpyF gps;is vd ehtyuhy; Fwpg;ghf tpspf;fgl;lth; ahh;?
 it. tp];tehjg;gps;is
6. gpurz;l khUjj;jpw;F gpwF vd;W nrhy;fpd;w... ,q;F
gpurz;l khUjk; vd;gjhy; ePh; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;tJ ahJ?
 Gay; fhw;W> gyj;j fhw;W

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 17 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


7.“ nghope;j nea;ahFjp tha;top nghq;fp vOe;jd
nfhOq;fd nyd;d vOe;jhh;...
m. ,t;tbfs; ,lk;ngWk; ,yf;fpak; vJ?
 fk;guhkhazk;
M. ,q;F vOe;jhh; vdf; fk;guhy; $wg;gLgth;?
 ,uhkd;
,. vOe;jhh; vdf; fl;Liuahrphpauhy; $wg;gLgth;?
 ehtyh;
.<. MFjp vd;why; vd;d?
 Nts;tpj; jP
8. “ khf klq;fYk; khy; tpilAk; nghd;dhfKk;
ehz ele;jhh;...
m. klq;fy; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 Mz; rpq;fk;
M. ,q;F ehfk; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; ,Utpjkhd fUj;J?
 nghd; kakfpa NkU kiy
 Mz; ahid
9. “ vLj;Jf; nfhz;L th je;jp jghw; fl;Lf;fis..
vy;NyhUk; gpukpj;Jg; Nghdhh;fs;...
m. ,f; $w;iwf; $wpath; ahh;?
 ehtyh;
M. ,f; $w;W ciuf;fgl;l re;jh;g;gk; ahJ?
 gpwpw;Nwh fl;rp ntw;wp ngWk; jUthapy; ,Uf;Fk;
NghJ gpwpw;Nwhtpd; Neh;ikaw;w nraiy Rl;bf; fhl;Ltjw;fhf ehtyuhy;
ciuf;fgl;lJ.
10. mth; jdJ typia mq;ft];jpuj;jpy; Mthfdk; gz;zp
gf;fj;jpy; itj;J tpl;L ghlQ; nrhy;tJ tof;fk;..
m. ,q;F mth; vdg;gLgth; ahh;?
 mUze;jp rpthr;rhhpahh;
M. Mthfdk; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; fUj;J ahJ?
 vOe;jUsr; nra;jy;/jdpahf vLj;J itj;jy;
,. mq;ft];jpuk; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 Njhspy; NghLk; Jz;Lj; Jzp

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 18 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


11.„ ey;Y}h; fe;jRthkp NfhapyhUf;Fk; gpuhkzh;fSf;Fk;
ghhpa tof;F ele;jJ...
m. NfhapyhUf;F Vw;gl;lhsh; ahh;?
 gpwpw;Nwh
M. gpuhkzh;fis Mjupg;gtu; ahh;?
 ehtyh;
12. MWKfehtyhpd; Mrph;thjj;jhy; ,yq;if rl;lrigapy;
mq;fj;Jtk; ngw;wth; ahh;?
 Nrh;. nghd;. ,uhkehjd;
 fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
1. ,f;fl;Liuapy;> $l;lj;jpw;F tUif je;jth;fs; ahh; ahnud
$wg;gl;Ls;sJ?
 fy;tpkhd;fs;  rl;l epGzh;fs;
 gpuGf;fs;  gpugy;akhdth;fs;
 irtf; FUkhh;fs;  tof;fwpQh;fs;
 cghj;jpahh;fs;
2. $l;l kz;lgj;jpy; ehtyh; ,Ue;j epiyia fl;Liuahrphpahh;
vt;thW fhl;Lfpwhh;?
ehtyh; mth;fSf;F md;iwa jpdk; fhr Neha; vd;w
gbapdhy; md;iwa $l;lj;jpw;F jyik jhq;fhJ> kz;lgj;jpy;
mkh;e;jpUe;J $l;l eilKiwfis mtjhdpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhh;.
mt;tifapy;> kz;lgj;jpy; xU J}Zf;F mUfpy; jpz;Lj; jiyaiz
xd;wpy; mbf;fb rha;e;J nfhz;Lk;> kbapYk; mjd; gf;fq;fspYk;
mLf;fpa jiyaizfspy; Koq;iffis Cd;wp cs;sq; iffshy;
new;wpapid jhq;fpa gb ,Ue;J $l;l eilKiwfis mtjhdpj;Jf;
nfhz;bUe;jhh;.
3. thj kfh rig tUzpf;fg;gLk; jd;ikapid tpsf;Ff?
 ,U jug;gpdUf;Fk; ,ilapy; MNtrkhd thjg;gpujp thjq;fs;
eilngw;wd. mit kpd;dy;fs;> Kof;fq;fisg; Nghy vjpnuhypj;jd.
 xU Nghh;f;fsj;jpy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; gy;NtWgl;l MAjq;fs;
Nghd;W me;j thjg;gpujpthjk; fhzg;gl;lJ. mq;F gytpjkhd
fUj;Jf;fs; thjplg;gl;ld.
 ifNty;> vwpfpd;w Nty;> ,wFs;s mk;G> ,wfpy;yhj mk;G>
ths;> rf;fuk; ,tw;wpw;F Nkyjpfkhf nja;tg;gilfspYk; ifitf;fpd;w
rkak;> mjhtJ nja;tj; jd;ik nghUe;jpa m];jpuq;fis gad;gLj;j
Ntz;ba rkak; vdthW thjkfhrigapy; eilngw;w thjg;gpujp
thjq;fs; tu;zpf;fg;gl;L $wg;gLfpd;wJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 19 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


4. ehtyh; Neh;ik kw;Wk; jpwik vd;gd gw;wp Fwpg;gpLf?
,f; fl;Liuapy; ehtyh; mth;fspy; Neh;ik kw;Wk; jpwik
gw;wpa gjptpid gz;bjkzp moFw vLj;Jiuj;Js;shh;.
 ehtyupd; Neh;ik
 Nfhapy; gpur;ridapy; gpuhkzh;fis Mjhpj;J gpuhkzh;fSf;F ntw;wp
fpilf;f jtwhd topapy; nry;yhik.
 gpwpw;Nwhtpd; Neh;ikaw;w nraiy Mjhuj;Jld; ntspg;gLj;jpaik
 Neh;ikahd xUtiu rl;lrigf;F mDg;g vz;zpaik
 gpwpw;Nwhtpd; Ntz;Liff;F cld;glhky; ,Ue;jik
 ehtyupd; jpwik
 tpRtehjg;gps;isapd; tpUg;gj;jpw;F Mshfpaik
 tpRtehjg;gps;isapd; jyikapy; $l;lj;ij elj;jpaik
 njha;T tUj;jk; vd;w NghjpYk; $l;l eilKiwfis mtjhdpj;Jf;
nfhz;bUe;jik
 nghUj;jkhd Neuj;jpy; Mjhuj;Jld; gpwpw;Nwhtpd; jtiw Rl;bf;
fhl;baik
 jd; fl;rp Njhy;tpAWk; rkaj;jpy; mf;fpdpia Nghy vOe;jth;
 jd;Dld; xUth; xUtuhfNth my;yJ gyuhfNth $l;lk; $l;lkhfNth
tpthjj;jpw;F tuyhk; vdf; $wpa JzpTilath;
 jFjpahd xUtiu rl;lrigf;F epakpj;jik.
,t;thW ehtyhpd; Neh;ikAk;> jpwikAk; Gyg;gLk; jd;ikapid
fz;L nfhs;syhk;.
5. ehtyupd; Njhw;wg; nghypT gw;wp fl;Liuapy; vt;thW $wg;gl;Ls;sJ?
ehtyh; mth;fspd; Njhw;wg; nghypT Fwpj;J gz;bjkzp gpd;tUkhW
fhg;gpak; nra;tij fhz;Nghk;.
 fk;guP khd Njhw;wk;
tPW nfhz;l ghh;it
 vz;zq;fspy; Ntfk;
 fk;guP khd eil
 mf;fpdp Nghd;w vOif
 ngUik kpf;fjhd eil
NkYk;>
- tp];thkpj;jpuh; Fwpg;ig Vw;W vOe;J tpy;iy Nehf;fp ele;j
,uhkid Nghy; ehtyUk; $l;l kz;lgj;jpy; ,Ue;J Ntfkhf vOe;J
fk;guP khf tpthj Nkil Nehf;fp nrd;wikAk; ehtyupd;
Njhw;wg;nghyptpid vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfpd;wJ.
,it ehtyhpd; Njhw;wk; gw;wpa jd;ikfshf ehk; fhzf;$bait.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 20 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


6. gpwpw;Nwhtpd; Neh;ikaw;w nray;fs; vd fl;Liuapy; fhl;lg;gLgit
ahit?
gpwpw;Nwh thjk; nra;tjpy; jiy rpwe;jth;. vdpDk; mtuJ
Neh;ikaw;w nray;fs; vdthW gz;bjkzp fl;Liuapy; fhl;Lfpd;w
jd;ikapid Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
 jd; fl;rpf; fhuh;fshd Nfhapyhiu Vkhw;wj; Jzpe;jik. mjhtJ
ey;Y}u; Nfhapy; njhlu;ghd tof;fpy; NfhapyhUf;F rhu;ghf thjpl;l
gpwpw;Nwh xUfl;lj;jpy; mtu;fis Vkhw;wtjw;F Kw;gLfpd;whu;.
 aho;gg
; hzj;jpy; ehtyhUf;F ,Uf;Fk; nry;thf;fpid czh;e;J
ehtyh; jdf;F rhh;ghf ,Ue;jhy; ehtyh; gf;fk; tof;if elhj;jp
itg;gjhf $wpaik. mjhtJ ey;Y}u; Nfhapy; njhlu;ghd tof;fpy;
gpuhkzu;fs; gf;fk; tof;if ntw;wp ngwr; nra;Ntd; vd gpwpw;Nwh
$wpaik.
 jd; kd vz;zj;ij me;juq;f ez;gh;fs;> fbjk;> je;jp
vd;gtw;wpd; %yk; ehtyUf;F njupag;gLj;jp Neh;ikaw;w nray; %yk;
rl;lrigf;F tu Kw;gl;lik
,t;thW gpwpw;Nwhtpd; Neh;ikaw;w nray;fs; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ.
7. ehtyh; vOe;j tpjk;> ele;J nrd;w jd;ik vd;gd vt;thW
rpwg;gpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ? (fk;ghpd; fhl;Ljiy cjhuzg;gLj;jp tpsf;Ff)
 ehtyh; vOe;j tpjk;
,f;fl;Liuapy; ehtyh; vOe;j epiyapid gz;bjkzp
fk;guhkhazj;jpy; ,lk;ngWk; fhl;rpNahL ,izj;Jf; fhl;bAs;shu;.
fk;gukhazj;jpy;> ,uhkdJ fjhghj;jpuj;jpw;F xg;gpl;L ehtyupd;
jd;ikapid ,q;F $wpAs;shu;. tp];thkpj;jpuh; rptjDir tisf;Fk; gb
xU ghh;it %yk; ,uhkDf;F Miz gpwg;gpf;fpd;whh;.
tp];thkpj;jpuUila ghh;itahfpa nea;ahFjpia mLj;J mf;fpdpr;
Rthiy ntspg;gLtjidg; Nghy ,uhkd; vOe;jhh; vd fk;gh;
me;epiyapid fhl;Lfpwhh;. mJ NghyNt ehtyUk; cly; epiy ,ayhj
NghJk; jd; fl;rpapdu; Njhy;tpailAk; epiyapy; ,Ug;gJ fz;L jdJ
epiyapypUe;J Ntfj;Jld; vOe;jhh; vd fl;Liuahrphpah; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;.
,jid.
. “ nghope;j nea;ahFjp tha;top nghq;fp vOe;jd
nfhOq;fd nyd;d vOe;jhh;...
vdthW fhzyhk;.
 ehtyh; ele;j tpjk;
kpjpiy efhpd; kpfg; ngUk; rigapy; ahUk; vjph;ghuhj rkaj;jpy;
fk;guP khd Xh; eil ele;J tpy;iy Nehf;fp nrd;whh; ,uhkd;. ,uhkdpd;
eilia fz;L ngUik kpf;f Mz;rpq;fKk;> nghpa ,lgKk;>
nghd;kiyahfpa NkUTk;> ahidAk; ,itaidj;Jk; ehzkile;jjhk;.
mijg; NghyNt $l;l kz;lgj;jpy; ehtyh; mth;fs; tpthj Nkil
Nehf;fp ele;J nrd;whh; vdf; fl;Liuahrphpah; moFw mjid
vLj;Jf;$Wfpd;whh;.
.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 21 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


8. fl;Liuahrphpahpd; nkhopeilr; rpwg;Gf;fis Muha;f?
,f;fl;Liuia rpwe;j Kiwapy; thrfhpilNa nfhz;L
Nrh;g;gjpy; fl;Liuahrphpah; fzgjpg;gps;is mth;fs; gy cj;jpfis
ifahz;;Ls;shh;. mt; tifapy; mtw;iw mtuJ nkhopeilr;
rpwg;Gf;fshf ehk; vLj;J Nehf;fyhk;.
 midtUk; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;sf; $bajhd vspikahd
nkhopeilapid ifahz;Ls;shh;
 rpwpa rpwpa nrhw;gpuNahfq;fis fl;Liuapy; gad;gLj;jpAs;sik
 jkpo; nkhopNahL gpwnkhopr; nrhw;fisAk; ,izj;jpUj;jy; .
cjhuzkhf - ,Ujak;> mq;f t];jpuk;> MFjp> nrh&gk;
Kjypa tlnkhopr; nrhw;fs;.
mj;NjhL mg;gPy;> gp.V Kjypa Mq;fpy nkhopr; nrhw;fs;.
 fl;Liuapy; ctik> cUt mzpfis gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;.
 ,jpfhr fijapidAk;> mjpy; cs;s ghlybfisAk;>
ghj;jpuq;fisAk; fl;Liuapy; ifahz;Ls;sik
cjhuzk; - ,uhkd; tpy;iy Kwpf;f vOe;j fhl;rp
 ,yFthd> rhjhuz Ngr;R tof;Fr; nrhw;fis ,izj;jpUj;jy;.
cjhuzk; - tpyF gps;is> mJ fplf;f

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 22 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghujpahh; Rarhpij
. myF - 03
 gps;isf; fhjy;
 ghly; 01
ePnuLj;J tUtjw;F mts; kzp
epj;jpyg; Gd;dif Rlh; tPrplg;
Nghh; vLj;J tUk; kjd; Kd; nry
NghFk; Ntis mjw;Fj; jpdk; NjhWk;
Nth; vLj;Jr; Rje;jpu ew;gaph;
tPo;j;jplr; nra;jy; Ntz;ba kd;dh; jk;
rPh; vLj;j Giy caph;r; rhuh;fs;
Njr gf;jh; tutpidf; fhj;jy; Nghy;.
 mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. epj;jpyk; - Kj;J
2. kjd; - kd;kjd;
3. rPh; - Gfo;
4. GiyAaph; - caph;f;nfhiy
5. rhuh;fs; - giltPuh;fs;
 nghUs;
ePh; vLj;J tUtjw;fhf nry;Yk; mtsJ mofpa Kj;Jg; Nghd;w
Gd;dif gpufhrpf;f> kd;kjd; fhjy; Nghh; njhLj;J mtisf; fz;lth;
fhjy; nfhz;L kaq;Fk; gbahf Kd; nrd;whd;. ,t;thW xt;nthU
ehSk; mts; nry;Yk; topapy;> Rje;jpuk; vDk; ew;gapiu NtNuhL
mopf;f Kw;gLk; capiuf; nfhy;Yk; gil tPuh;fs; Njr gf;jh;fis
mopg;gjw;F mtu;fspd; tUiff;fhf fhj;jpUg;gijg; Nghy ehDk;
mtspd; tUiff;fhf fhj;jpUe;Njd;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 23 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 ghly; 02
fhj;jpUe;J mts; Nghk; top Kw;wpYk;
fz;fs; gpd;doF Mh;j;J fspj;jpl
ahj;j Njh; cUisg;gL Nkiojhd;
ahz;L Njh;nrYk; Mq;F ,Og;Gw;W vd
Nfhj;j rpe;ijNahL Vfp mjpy; kfpo;
nfhz;L ehs;fs; gy fspj;jpl;ldd;
G+j;j N[hjp tjdk; jpUk;G Nky;
Gyd; mope;J xU Gj;Japh; va;JNtd;

 mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. gpd;doF Mh;j;J - gpd;doif Muha;e;J
2. Nkio - rpwpa tpyq;F
3. ahj;j - cUthf;fpa
4. N[hjp - gpufhrk;> xsp
5. tjdk; - Kfk;
 nghUs;
.
.

mts; nry;Yk; NghJ fhj;jpUe;J> mts; nry;Yk; topnay;yhk;


vdJ fz;fs; mtsJ gpd; mofpid Muha;e;J kfpo;r;rp nfhs;fpwJ.
cUthf;fg;gl;l cUSfpd;w Njh;r; rf;fuj;jpy; mfg;gl;l rpwpa tpyq;F
mr;rf;fuj;NjhL Nrh;eJ
; Roy;tjidg; Nghy mtsJ rpe;ijidNahL
Rod;W mjpy; kfpo;r;rp nfhz;L gy ehl;fisf; fopj;Njd;. mtsJ
gpufhrkhd KfkhdJ jpUk;gp vd;idg; ghh;j;jhy; mf;fzNk
vd; Ik;Gyd;fSk; mope;J GJg;gpwtpia ehd; milNtd;.
 ghly; 03
Gyq;fNshL fuzKk; MtpAk;
Nghe;J epd;w tpUg;Gld; khdpld;
eyq;fs; VJ tpUk;Gtd; mq;F mit
ez;Zwg; ngwy; jpz;zk; jhd; vd
,yq;F E}y; czh; Qhdpah; $Wth;
ahDk; kw;W mJ nka; vdj; Njh;e;JNsd;
tpyq;F ,aw;if ,y;iy vdpy; ahnkyhk;
tpUk;G kl;bdpy; tpz;Zwy; MFNk.
 mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
Nghe;J - Nrh;e;J
eyd;fs; - ed;ikfs;
jpz;zk; - cWjp
;tpyq;fpaw;if - tpyq;fpd; Fzk;
tpz;Zwy; - nrhh;f;fj;ij miljy;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 24 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 nghUs;
Ik;Gyd;fNshL kdKk;> capUk; xd;Wgl;L tpUg;gj;Jld; kdpjd;
eyd;fis tpUk;Gthd; vdpy; mtd; tpUk;Gk; eyd;fis miltJ
cWjpahFk;. vd;W E}y;fis fw;W czh;e;j Kdpth;fs; $wpAs;sdu;.
ehDk; ,jid cz;iknad mwpe;Js;Nsd;. mq;Fk; ,q;Fk;
miyfpd;w tpyq;fpd; Fzq;fs; ,y;iy vdpy; ehk; vy;NyhUk;
tpUk;Gk; NghJ nrhh;f;fj;jpid milayhk;.
 ghly; 04
#ok; kha cyfpdpy; fhZWk;
Njhw;wk; ahitAk; khdjk; MFkhy;
MOk; neQ;rfj;J Mir ,d;W cs;sNjy;
mjDilg; nghUs; ehis tpise;jpLk;
jhOk; cs;sj;jh; Nrhh;tpdh; MLNghy;
jhtpj; jhtp gynghUs; ehLNthh;
tPOk; Xh; ,ila+w;wpDf;F mQ;RNthh;
tpUk;Gk; ahTk; nghwhh; jhk; ,th; jhkd;Nw.
 mUk;gjk;
kha cyfk; - Nghyp cyfk;;
khdjk; - kdk; tpUk;Gk;
jhOKs;sj;jhh; - jho;e;j ,opthd cs;sKilNahh;
 nghUs;
gue;j ,e;j ngha;ahd cyfj;jpy; fhZk; fhl;rpfs; ahTk;
epiyaw;wjhFk;. ,d;W mb kdjpy; Njhd;Wk; tpUg;gk; ,Uf;Fkhdhy;
mjd; gad; ehis tpise;jpLk;. jho;ej
; cs;sKilath;> Nrhk;gy;
cilath;> ML Nghy; jhtp gy nghUs; ehLNthh;> jkf;F Vw;gLk;
,ilQ;rYf;F mQ;RNthh;> ,j;jifath;fs; jhk; tpUk;Gk; vjidAk;
ngwkhl;lhh;fs;.
 ghly; 05
tpjpia Nehth; jk; ez;giuj; J}w;Wth;
ntFsp nghq;fp giftiu epe;jpg;gh;
rjpfs; nra;th; ngha;r; rhj;jpuk; NgRth;
rhjfq;fs; Gul;Lth; ngha;ik Nrh;
kjpapdpy; Giy ehj;jpfk; $Wth;
kha;e;jplhj epiwe;j tpUg;gNk
fjpfs; ahTk; jUnkd Xh;e;jplhh;
fz;zpy;yhjth; Nghy jpifg;gh; fhz;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 25 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 mUk;gjq;fs;
1. ntFsp - Nfhgk;
2. epe;jpj;jy; - ,opthf NgRjy;
3. kjp - Gj;jp> kdk;
4. ehj;jpfk; - flTs; ,y;iynad $Wjy;
5. fjp - tPLNgW> Kf;jp
6. jpifg;gh; - tUe;Jtu;
 nghUs;
jiytpjpia epidj;J tUe;JNthh;> jk; ez;giuj; J}w;WNthh;>
Nfhgk; nfhz;L gifth;fis ,ope;Jiug;Nghh;> #o;r;rpfs; nra;Nthh;>
rh];jpuq;fis ek;GNthh;> jk; mwptpdhy; flTisNa ,y;iynad;W
$WNthh; ,th;fs; fyf;fkpy;yhj epiwthd tpUg;gNk ew;fjpapid
jUk; vd;gij czuhJ fz; ,y;yhjth; Nghy tho;th;.

 FW tpdhf;fs;
1. “ ePnuLj;J tUtjw;F mts; kzp
epj;jpyg; Gd;dif Rlh; tPrplg; Nghh;..
m. epj;jpyk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 Kj;J
M. ,q;F ntspg;gLk; mzpapid Fwpg;gpLf?
 ctikazp - Kj;Jg; Nghd;w Gd;dif
2. “ Nghh; vLj;J tUk; kjd; Kd; nry NghFk;
Ntis mjw;Fj; jpdk; NjhWk;...
m. kjd; vdf; fUjg;gLtJ ahh;?
 kd;kjd;
M. kd;kjDila nray; ahJ?
 fhjy; Nghh; njhLj;J Kd; nry;Yjy;
3. “ ahj;j Njh; cUisg;gL Nkiojhd; ahz;L
Njh;nrYk; Mq;F ,Og;Gw;W vd...
m. Nkio vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 nfhk;gpy;yhj rpwpa tpyq;F
M. ahj;j Njh; vd;gjid tpsf;Ff?
 cUthf;fg;gl;l Njh;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 26 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


4. “ G+j;j N[hjp tjdk; jpUk;G Nky; Gyd;
mope;J xU Gj;Japh; va;JNtd;...
m. tjdk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 Kfk;
M. ,q;F ntspg;gLk; czh;T ahJ?
 fhjy; czh;T
5. “ Gyq;fNshL fuzKk; MtpAk; Nghe;J
epd;w tpUg;Gld; khdpld;...
m. Gyq;fs; vdf; fUjg;gLtJ?
 Ik;Gyd;fs; - Rit> Xir> xsp> cW> ehw;wk;
M. ,q;F fuzk; vdf; Fwpf;fg;gLgit?
 me;j fuzq;fs; - kdk;> Gj;jp> rpj;jk;> mfq;fhuk;
6. “ tpyq;F ,aw;if ,y;iy vdpy; ahnkyhk;
tpUk;G kl;bdpy; tpz;Zwy; MFNk...
m. tpyq;F ,aw;if vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 tpyq;fpd; Fzk;
M. tpz;Zwy; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 nrhh;f;fj;ij miljy.;
7. “ MLNghy; jhtpj; jhtp gynghUs; ehLNthh;..”
m. ML Nghy; jhtpj; jhtp gy nghUs; ehLNthh; vd;gjd; fUj;J.
 Ml;bid Nghy mq;Fk; ,q;Fk; gy nghUs; kPJ .
tpUg;gk; nfhs;Sjy;.
M. ,q;F ntspg;gLk; mzp ahJ?
 ctikazp
8. “ tpjpia Nehth; jk; ez;giuj; J}w;Wth;
ntFsp nghq;fp giftiu epe;jpg;gh;...
m. ,q;F xUth; tpUk;gpaij mila Kbahikf;fhd fhuzq;fs;?
 jiy tpjpia nehe;J nfhs;sy;
 ez;giuj; J}w;Wjy;
M. ntFsp vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 Nfhgk;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 27 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
01. ghujpahu;> rpWkp kPJ nfhz;l fhjy; czh;T vt;thW
ntspf;fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ?
,g;gFjpapy; ghujpahu; rpWkp kPJ nfhz;l khrpy;yhj
gps;isf;fhjy; rhu;e;j ntspg;ghl;bid gpd;tUkhW Nehf;fyhk;.
 Kj;Jg; Nghd;w Gd;dif gpufhrpf;f ePnuLg;gjw;fhf nry;Yk;
mrl rpWkpiaf; fhz;gtu; fhjy; nfhs;Sk; gbahf kd;kjd; mts; Kd;
fhjy; Nghh; njhLj;J nry;fpd;whd;. mr; rpWkp kPJ ghujpahUk; fhjy;
tag;gLfpd;whu;.
 mts; ePnuLg;gjw;fhf nry;Yk; topapy; mtspd; tUiff;fhf
jpdKk; MtNyhL fhj;jpUf;fpd;whu; ghujpahu;.
rpWkp nry;Yfpd;w top KOJk; mtsJ gpd;doif jdJ
fz;fs; Muha;e;J mjd; thapyhf jhd; kfpo;r;rp mile;Njd;
vdf;$Wfpd;whu;.
 mtisg; gw;wpa rpe;jidapy; jd; kdkhdJ Rod;W nry;fpd;wJ
vd;fpd;whu; ghujpahu;. mjhtJ> Njh;r;rf;fuj;jpy; mfg;gl;L Rod;W nry;Yk;
rpwpa tpyq;fpidg; Nghy jd; kdKk; rpWkpapd; rpe;jidapy; Roy;fpd;wJ
vdf;$Wfpd;whu;.
 mtsJ gpufhrk; nghUe;jpa mofpa KfkhdJ jd;id xU
Kiw jpUk;gpg; ghh;j;jhy; mf;fzNk jdJ Ik;Gyd;fSk; mope;J kPz;Lk;
Xh; GJg;gpwtpia ehd; milNtd; vd $Wfpwhh; ghujp.
,j;jifa fUj;Jf;fs; thapyhf rpWkp kPjhd ghujpahhpd;
fhjy; czh;T kw;Wk; khrpy;yhj gps;isf;fhjy; vd;gtw;iw fhzyhk;.
02. ghujpah; fhl;Lk; rpWkpapd; moF ntspg;ghl;bid vLj;Jiuf;Ff?
ghujpahh; Rarhpijapy;> rpWkpapd; moF eyd;fis
ghujpahh; moFw rpj;jhpf;fpd;whh;. mtw;iw Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
 Kj;Jg; Nghd;w Gd;difia ntspg;gLj;jp ePu; vLj;J
tUtjw;fhf nry;Yfpd;wts;.
 fhz;gtu; kaq;fp fhjy; tag;gLk; mstpw;F NguoF gilj;jts;

 kd;kjd; mts; Kd;Nd Nghh; njhLj;Jr; nry;Yk; mstpw;F


moFilats;
 gpufhrk; nghUe;jpa mofhd Kfj;ijf; nfhz;lts;

 Muha;e;J kfpo;r;rp nfhs;Sk; gbahd gpd;dofpidf; nfhz;lts;.

 Gyd;fs; mopj;J kW gpwtp milaf; $bajhd Kf moF


gilj;jts;
,t;thW ghujpahh; fz;l rpWkpapd; moF eyd;fs; moFw th;zpf;Fk;
jd;ikapid fz;Zwyhk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 28 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


03. xUth; jhk; tpUk;gpaij miltjw;fhd topKiwfs; vitnad
ghujpahh; $Wfpwhh;?
xUth; jkJ Ik;Gyd;fisAk; mlf;fp kdk;> caph; Kjypad xd;W
gl;l epiyapy; xd;iw tpUk;Gk; NghJ tpUk;gpa eyd;fis fpilf;fg;
ngWth;. ,jid> . .

“ Gyd;fNshL fuzKk; MtpAk; Nghj;J epd;w


tpUg;Gld; khdpld; eyq;fNsJ tpUk;Gtd;
mq;fit ez;Zwg;ngwy; jpz;zk;...”
NkYk;> xUth; mq;Fk; ,q;Fk; miyfpd;w tpyq;fpd; Fzq;fis ePf;fp
tpUk;Gk; eyid ngw Kaw;rpj;jhy; mJ fpilf;fg;ngWth;.
. “ tpyq;fpaw;if ,y;iynadpy; ahnkyhk;
tpUk;Gkl;bdpy; tpz;ZwyhFNk...”
vDk; ghlybfs; thapyhf ,j; jd;ikapid fhzyhk;.
04. xUth; jhk; tpUk;gpatw;iw mila Kbahky; Nghtjw;fhd
fhuzq;fs; vit?
ghujpahh; Rarhpij gFjpapy;> xUth; jhk; tpUk;Gtw;iw
mila Kbahky; Nghtjw;fhd fhuzq;fshf my;yJ ,ay;Gfshf
ghujpahh; gpd;tUtdtw;iw vLj;Jiuf;fpd;whu; mitahtd>
.

 jho;thd kdr;rpe;jid
 Nrhk;gy; epiy> Nrhh;T
 jiytpjpia Nehjy;
 ML Nghy; gy nghUs; ehLjy;
 ez;giu J}w;Wjy;
 Nfhgk; nfhz;L giftiu J}w;Wjy;
 Nfhgk; nfhs;Sjy;
 #o;r;rpfs; nra;jy;
 flTis ek;g kWj;jy;
 rh];jpuj;jpid ek;Gjy;
 gak; nfhs;Sjy;
 tpUg;gNk ew;fjpia jUk; vd ek;ghik.
,tw;iw>
“ jhOk; cs;sj;jh; Nrhh;tpdh; MLNghy;
jhtpj; jhtp gynghUs; ehLNthh; tPOk;
Xh; ,ilA+w;wpDf;F mQ;RNthh; tpUk;Gk;
ahTk; nghwhh; jhk; ,th; jhkd;Nw..”
vDk; ghlybfs; %yKk; mwpe;J nfhs;syhk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 29 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


05. ghujpahh; Rarhpijapy; mzp ntspg;ghL gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;f.?
 ctikazpapd; ntspg;ghL

 Njrgf;jh;fis mopg;gjw;F giltPuh;fs; fhj;jpUg;gij Nghy rpWkpapd;


tUiff;fhf ghujpahu; fhj;jpUj;jy;
ctkhdk; - Njr gf;jh; tUiff;fhf fhj;jpUf;Fk; gil tPuh;
ctNkak; - mtspd; tUiff;fhf fhj;jpUe;j ghujpahu;
nghJj;jd;ik - fhj;jpUj;jy;
 Njh;r;rf;fuj;jpy; rpwpa tpyq;F Xl;br; nry;tjid Nghy ghujpahupd;
kdKk; mts; nrhy;Yk; top KOJk; Rod;W nry;Yjy;.
ctkhdk; - Njh;r; rf;fuj;jpy; xl;ba tpyq;F
ctNkak; - mts; epidtpy; nry;Yk; ghujpahu; kdk;
nghJj;jd;ik - xd;wpize;j jd;ik> Rod;W nry;yy;
 MLNghy; mq;Fk; ,q;Fk; jhtpg; gy nghUs; ehLjy;
ctkhdk; - ML Nghy; jhTjy;
ctNkak; - gy nghUs; ehLNthh;
nghJj;jd;ik - miyjy;> NjLjy;
 ew;fjpfs; fpilf;Fk; vd fUjhjth;fs; fz;zpy;yhjth; Nghy jpifg;gu;
ctkhdk; - fz; ,y;yhjth;
ctNkak; - ew;fjp fpilf;fhJ vdf; fUJNthh;
nghJj;jd;ik - jpifg;G> jLkhw;wk;
 Kj;Jg; Nghd;w Gd;dif nfhz;l ngz;
ctkhdk; - Kj;J
ctNkak; - ngz;zpd; Gd;dif
nghJj;jd;ik - moF
,t;thW mzpfspd; ntspg;ghL gw;wp ,q;F fz;Zw KbAk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 30 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


jkpo; nkhopAk; ,yf;fpaKk;
. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G
Kjyhk; jtiz khjphp tpdhj;jhs;
gFjp III
Neuk; 2 kzp

Kjyhk; tpdh> ,uz;lhk; tpdhtpw;Fk;> %d;whtJ tpdhtpy; xd;wpidAk;> ehd;fhtJ


tpdhtpy; xd;wpidAk;> 5k;>6k;>7k; tpdhf;fpspy; xd;wpid njhpT nra;J vy;yhkhf
Ie;J tpdhf;fspw;F kl;Lk; tpil vOJf
01 . RUf;fkhd tpil jUf.

1.“ njs; ePh;f; faj;J rpW kPd; rpidapYk;


Ez;zpNj...
m. ,g;ghly; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s E}y; vJ?
M. fak; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
2.“ fzf;fhah; ,y;yhj CUk; gpzf;F mWf;Fk;
%j;Njhiu ,y;yh mitf;fsDk;...
m. %j;Njhhpd; flik ahJ?
M. fzf;fhah; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
3.“ cg;gpyhf; fQ;rpapid cz;Zk; mWRit Nghy;
jg;gpa fe;ijg; gPjhk;guk; Nghy...
m. jg;gpa fe;ij vd;gjhy; fUjg;gLtJ ahJ?
M. ,f;$w;W ,lk;ngw;Ws;s E}y; vJ?
4.“ ahid midath; ez;G xhp, eha; midahh;
Nfz;ik joP,f; nfhsy; Ntz;Lk;..
m. ahUila el;ig ePf;f Ntz;Lk; ?
M. Nfz;ik vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
5.“ khf klq;fYk; khy; tpilAk; nghd;dhfKk;
ehz ele;jhh;...
m. ,q;F ele;jhh; vd fl;Liuahrphpauhy; Fwpg;gplg;gLgth;?
M. ehfk; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; ,U nghUSk; vit?
6.“ vLj;Jf; nfhz;L th je;jp jghw; fl;Lf;fis..
vy;NyhUk; gpukpj;Jg; Nghdhh;fs;...
m. ,f;$w;wpid $wpath; ahh;?
M. ,f;$w;W $wg;gl;l re;jug;gk; ahJ?
7.“ ePnuLj;J tUtjw;F mts; kzp
epj;jpyg; Gd;dif Rlh; tPrplg;…
m. epj;jpyk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
M. ,q;F ntspg;gLk; mzpapid Fwpg;gpLf?

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 31 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


8.“ Nghh; vLj;J tUk; kjd; Kd; nry NghFk;
Ntis mjw;Fj; jpdk; NjhWk;...
m. kjd; vd tpspf;fg;gLgtd; ahh;?
M. kd;kjdpd; njhopy; ahJ?
9.“ G+j;j N[hjp tjdk; jpUk;G Nky; Gyd;
mope;J xU Gj;Japh; va;JNtd;...
m. tjdk; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; fUj;J ahJ?
M. ,t;tbfspy; Gyg;gLk; czh;T ahJ?
10.“ tpyq;F ,aw;if ,y;iy vdpy; ahnkyhk;
tpUk;G kl;bdpy; tpz;Zwy; MFNk...
m. tpyf;fpaw;if vd;gjhy; ePh; tpsq;FtJ ahJ?
M. tpz;Zwy; vd;gJ vjid Fwpf;fpd;wJ?
02. gpd;tUk; nra;Al;gFjpfisAk;> ciug;gFjpfisAk; thrpj;J fPOs;s
tpdhf;fspw;F tpil jUf.
1. jz; jhkiu cld; gpwe;Jk; jz; Njd;
. Efuh kz;^fk;
tz;Nlh fhdfj;J ,ilapUe;J te;J
fky kJ cz;Zk;
gz;Nl gofp ,Ue;jhYk; mwpahh;
Gy;yh; ey;Nyhiuf;
fz;Nl fspj;jq;F cwthbj; jk;kpy;
fyg;gh; fw;NwhNu
m. ,g;ghlypy; tz;L> jtis Mfpatw;wpd; ,ay;Gfs; ahit?
M. ,q;F ,lk;ngw;Ws;s ctikazp xd;wpid tpsf;Ff?
2. mlf;fk; cilahh; mwptpyhh; vd;W vz;zpf;
flf;ff; fUjTk; Ntz;lh kilj;jiyapy;
XL kPd; Xl cWkPd; tUksTk;
thb ,Uf;Fkhk; nfhf;F
m. nfhf;fpd; ,ay;G vj;jifaJ?
M. mlf;fKilath; nray; vj;jifaJ?
3. ePnuLj;J tUtjw;F mts; kzp
epj;jpyg; Gd;dif Rlh; tPrplg;
Nghh; vLj;J tUk; kjd; Kd; nry
NghFk; Ntis mjw;Fj; jpdk; NjhWk;
Nth; vLj;Jr; Rje;jpu ew;gaph;
tPo;j;jplr; nra;jy; Ntz;ba kd;dh; jk;
rPh; vLj;j Giy caph;r; rhuh;fs;
Njr gf;jh; tutpidf; fhj;jy; Nghy;.
m. rpWkpapd; moF vt;thW fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ?
M. ,q;F Gyg;gLk; mzpapid Fwpg;gpl;L tpsf;Ff?

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 32 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


4. ,e;j ,UtUk; ,yq;ifr; rl;lrigapy; ,yq;ifg; gpujpepjpj;Jtj;jpw;F
Nghl;bapl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;whh;fs;. rh;trd thf;Fhpikiag; gw;wp me;jf;
fhyj;jpy; NgRtJq; fpilahJ. fy;tpkhd;fs;> gpuGf;fs;> $l;lq;$b
jq;fs; mgpg;gpuhaj;ij murhq;fj;jpw;F njhptpg;gJ tof;fk;. ,e;j
,Uthpy; jf;fth; ,d;dhnud;W thjpg;gjw;Fj; jhd; me;jg; ghhpa $l;lk;
tpRtehjg;gps;isapd; jiyikapy; elf;fpd;wJ.
m. ,e;j ,UtUk; vdg;gl;lth;fs; ahh;?
M. $l;lj;jpw;F jyik jhq;fpath; ahh;?
5. tpyF gps;is vd;W tof;fkhf nrhy;Ytij nrhy;Y Kd;dNk
tpRtehjg;gps;is Nkilapy; tpyfp ,lk; nfhLj;jhh;. ehtyh; mth;fspd;
epiy fk;guP khd Njhw;wk;> tPW nfhz;;l ghh;it> vz;zq;fspd; Ntfk;>
,tw;iw th;zpf;f me;jr; re;jh;g;gj;jpy; xU fk;gh; ,y;iy.
m. tpyF gps;is vd nrhy;yg;gLgth; ahh;?
M. ehtyhpd; epiy vt;thW fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ?
3. ePjpg;ghly; gFjpapy;>
m. tpNtfrpe;jhkzpapy;> mwpTilNahh; mwptw;Nwhh; nray;
M. ehybahhpy;> ey;yth; el;Gk; jPath; el;Gk;
my;yJ
ehtyh; vOe;jhh; fl;Liuapy;>
m. ehtyhpd; jpwikAk; Neh;ikAk;
M. gpwpw;Nwhtpd; Neh;ikaPdk;
4. ghujpahh; Rarhpijapy;>
m. rpWkpapd; moF
M. xUth; tpUk;gpatw;iw mila Kbahikf;fhd fhuzq;fs;
my;yJ
ehtyh;vOe;jhh; fl;Liuapy;
m. ehtyu; vOe;j tpjk;> mtu; ele;j tpjk;
M. fl;Liuahrphpahpd; nkhopeilr; rpwg;Gf;fs;
 gpd;tUk; 5>6>7 Mfpa tpdhf;fspy; xU tpdhtpw;F kl;Lk; tpil jUf.
5. ePjpg;ghly;fspy;>
m. xUtDf;F ed;ik jUgit - jphpfLfk;
M. ,dpikahd nray;fs; - ,dpait ehw;gJ
6. ghujpahh;Rarhpijapy;>
m. ghujpahhpd; fhjy; czh;T
M. ifahsg;gl;Ls;s mzpfspd; ntspg;ghL
7. ehtyh; vOe;jhh; fl;Liuapy;>
m. $l;l kz;lgj;jpy; ehtyh; ,Ue;j epiy
M. gpwpw;Nwhtpd; Neu;ikaw;w nray;fs

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 33 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


jdpg;ghly;fs;
. myF 04
 jkpo; ,yf;fpaj;jpy; gy;NtW fhyg;gFjpapy; ntt;NtW Gyth;fshy; ghlg;gl;l gy;Rit
epuk;gpa ghly;fspd; njhFg;G jdpg;ghly;fshFk;. ,it jdpg;ghly; jpul;L vDk;
ngauhy; miof;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
 jdpg;ghly;fs; ghba Gyth;fshf> xsitahh;> fk;gh;> xl;lf;$j;jh;> fhsNkfg;Gyth;>
gbf;fhRg; Gyth;> GfNoe;jpg; Gyth;> nrhf;fypq;fg; Gyth; MfpNahh; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fth;fs;.
 ,g;ghl myfpy; gpd;tUk; Gyth;fspd; jdpg;ghly;fis ehk; gbj;Jg; ghu;f;fTs;Nshk;.
1. GfNoe;jpg;Gyth; ghly;
2. gbf;fhRg;Gyth; ghly;
3. fhsg;Nkfg;Gyth; ghly;;
GfNoe;jpg;Gytu; ghly;
gpiwfs; %d;W (ghly; gjk; gphpj;j gpd;)
gq;fg; godj;J cOk; coth;
gytpd; fdpiag; gwpj;jJ vd;W
rq;F ,l;L vwpa Fuq;F ,sePh;
jidf; nfhz;L vwpAk; jkpo;ehlh
nfhq;fhh;f;F mkuhgjp mspj;j
NfhNt ,uhr Fyjpyfh
ntq;fl; gpiwf;Fk; fUk;G ,iwf;Fk;
nkype;J mk;G ,iwf;Fk; tpopNtNy.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. gq;fk; - NrW
2. godk; - tay;
3. jkpo; ehlh - jkpo; toq;Fk; ehl;bd; jiytd;
4. nfhq;fh; - nfhq;f ehl;lth;
5. mkuhgjp - nrhh;f;f efuk;> tPuRtu;f;fk;
6. ntq;fl; gpiw - ntz;ikahd gpiwr;re;jpud;
7. fUk;gpiw - kd;kjd; (fUk;Gf;F ,iwtd;)
8. mg;G ,iwf;Fk; - fz;zPh; nrhhpAk; (mg;G fz;zuP );

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 34 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


nghUs; - NrW epiwe;j taypy; cOfpd;w coth;fs;> Fuq;Ffs;
gyhf;fdpfis gwpj;J ehrk; nra;fpd;wd vd;W fUjp> taypy; cs;s
rq;Ffis vLj;J Fuq;Ffs; kPJ vwpa> mjw;F gjpyhf Fuq;Ffs;
gop thq;f epidj;J mUfpy; cs;s ed;whf Kw;wpa ,sePh;fis
gwpj;J me;j coth;fs; kPJ tPrp vwpfpd;w ePu;tsk; nghUe;jpa jkpo;
toq;Fk; Nrho ehl;bd; jiytNd> gifth;fshd nfhq;f ehl;lth;fis
Aj;jj;jpy; nfhd;W mtu;fSf;F tPuRth;;f;fk; nfhLf;fpd;w murNd>
(fhjyidg; gpupe;Js;s) ,g;ngz;Zila mofpa Ntyhfpa fz;fs;
ntz;ikahd ,sk;gpiwr;re;jpuDf;Fk;> fUk;G tpy;Nye;jpa
kd;kjDf;Fk; nkypT mile;J fz;zPiu nrhhpfpd;wd.
(ghtk;> ,ts; epiy ,uq;fj;jf;fjhFk;)
tpdhf;fs;
01..“ gq;fg;godj;J cOk; coth; gytpd; fdpia gwpj;jnjd;W...”
m. ,q;F godk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 tay;
M. gq;fk; vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; fUj;J ahJ?
 NrW

02. “ nfhq;fh;f;F mkuhgjp mspj;j NfhNt..”


m. ,q;F ve;j kd;dd; rpwg;gpf;fg;gLfpd;whd;?
 Nrho kd;dd;

M. mkuhgjp vdg;gLtJ ahJ?


 nrhh;f;fNyhfk;> tPuRtu;f;fk;> Rtu;f;f efuk;

03. “ ntq;fl; gpiwf;Fk; fUk;G ,iwf;Fk; nkype;J


mg;G ,iwf;Fk; tpopNtNy... ”
m. ntq;fl; gpiw vd;gjd; fUj;J?
 ntz;ikahd gpiwr; re;jpud;

M. fUk;gpiw vDk; njhlu; ahiur; Rl;Lfpd;wJ?


 fUk;G tpy; Ve;jpa kd;kjd;/fUk;Gf;F ,iwtdhfpa
kd;kjd;
,. tpopNty; vd;gjpy; gapd;Ws;s mzp ahJ?
 cUtfk;

<. mg;G ,iwj;jy; vd;why; vd;d?


 mg;G vd;why; fz;zPu;. ,iwj;jy; vd;why; nrhupjy;
Mf fz;zPu; nrhupjy;; vdg;nghUs;gLk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 35 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


04. ,g;ghlypy;> Nrho ehl;bd; ePu;tsr; rpwg;G vt;thW ntspg;gLfpd;wJ?
tay;fspy; rq;Ffs; tpisfpd;w ePh;tsk; nghUe;jpa ehL.
mjhtJ> cotu;fs; rq;Ffisf; nfhz;L Fuq;Ffisj; jhf;Ffpd;wdu;
vdf; $Wtjd; Clhf mq;F mjpfstpy; rq;Ffs; tpise;jpUf;fpd;wd
vDk; fUj;J Gyg;gLfpd;wJ. tay;fspd; mUfpy; gyhkuq;fs;> ey;y
,sePiuj; jUfpd;w njd;id kuq;fs; fhzg;gLjy;.
05. ,g;ghlypy;> Nrho kd;dd; tPuk; vt;thW vLj;Jf; fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ?
Nghhpy; nfhq;f ehl;ltiu Njhw;fbj;J mth;fSf;F kuzj;ij
ghprspg;gtd; mjhtJ mtu;fisf; nfhd;W tPuRth;f;fj;jpw;F mDg;gp
itg;gtd; vdthW Nrho kd;ddpd; tPuk; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.
“nfhq;fu;f;F mkuhgjp mspj;j NfhNt.” vDk; mbfspy; ,jidf;
fhzyhk;.
06. ,g;ghlypy; ntspg;gLk; %d;W gpiwfSk; vit?
“ ntq;fl; gpiwf;Fk; fUk;G ,iwf;Fk;
nkype;J mk;G ,iwf;Fk;..” vDk; ghlybfspy; %d;W gpiwfs;
ghlg;gl;Ls;sd. mitahtd>
- ntz;fl;gpiw - ntz;ikahd ,sk; gpiwr;re;jpud;
- fUk;gpiw - fUk;G tpy; Ve;jpa kd;kjd;> fUk;Gf;F ,iwtd;
- mg;gpiw (mg;G ,iw) - ngz; fz;zPu; rpe;Jjy;
07. ,g; ghlypy; ngz; fz;zPh; nrhhptjw;fhd fhuzk; ahJ?
jiytd; Fwpj;j jiytpiag; gpupe;J nry;fpd;whd;. me;j gpuptpd;
fhuzkhf> ,ay;ghfNt fhjypy; gpupe;jtu;fSf;F fhjy; Jd;gk;
nfhLf;fpd;w> ntz;ikahd gpiwr;re;jpuDk;> fhkNjtdhfpa fUk;G
tpy;Nye;jpa kd;kjDk; mg;ngz;zpw;F fhjy; Jd;gj;ijf; nfhLf;fpd;wdu;.
,jdhy; ntz;ikahd gpiwr;re;jpuDf;Fk;> kd;kjDf;Fk; nkypT
mile;J jiytidg; gphpe;j me;jg; ngz;zpd; tpopfs; fz;zPh;
nrhhpfpd;wd. mjhtJ re;jpuDk;> kd;kjDk; mg;ngz;iz tUj;jNt
mtsJ Ntyhfpa $h;ikahd fz;fs; fz;zPiu nrhhpfpd;wd.
08. coth;fs; jk; jhfk; jPhg
; ;gjw;F ifahz;l cj;jp ahJ?
coth;fs; jkf;F ePu;j;jhfk; Vw;glNt> Fuq;Ffs;
gyhf;fdpfis gho; nra;fpd;wd vdr; rhl;Lf; $wp taypy; cs;s
rq;Ffis vLj;J vwpe;jdh;. cld; Fuq;Ffs; mjw;F gop thq;f
,sePhf
; is gwpj;J coth;fs; kPJ vwpe;jd. mjd; %yk; coth;fs; jk;
jhfj;jpid jPh;j;J nfhz;ldh;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 36 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


gbf;fhRg;Gytu; ghly;
ghly; - rPjf;fhjpapd; nfhilj; jd;ik
Xh; jl;bNy nghd;Dk; Xh; jl;bNy ney;Yk; xf;ftpw;Fk;
fhh; jl;ba gQ;r fhyj;jpNy jq;fs; fhhpag; Ngh;
Mh; jl;bDk; jl;L tuhkNy md;djhdj;jpw;F
khh; jl;ba Jiukhy; rPjf;fhjp tNuhjaNd.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. xf;ftpw;Fk; - rkg;gLj;jp tpw;fpd;w
2. fhh; - kio> Nkfk;
3. fhhpa Nghh; - Raeythjpfs;
4. khh; jl;ba - neQ;R jl;ba
5. Jiukhy; - nfhil ts;sy;
6. tNuhjad; - tuk; ngw;wtd;
nghUs; - xU jl;bNy nghd;Dk;> ,d;ndhU jl;bNy ney;Yk; itj;J
rkg;gLj;jp tpw;Fk;> kio ,y;yhJ Nghd gQ;r fhyj;jpNy jk;
Raeyj;jpw;fhf ahh; te;J jLj;jhYk; md;djhdj;jpw;F jl;Lg;ghL
tUtjw;F Kd;ghfNt> ehd; ,Uf;fpd;Nwd; vd;W khh; jl;ba
nfhil ts;syhfpa rPjf;fhjp tuj;jpdhy; gpwe;jtd;.
tpdhf;fs;
1.. “ Xh; jl;bNy nghd;Dk; Xh; jl;bNy ney;Yk; xf;ftpw;Fk;
fhh; jl;ba gQ;r fhyj;jpNy...
m. ,q;F rkg;gLj;jp tpw;fg;gl;l nghUl;fs; vit?
 ney;> nghd;

M. ,q;F fhh; jl;ba vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?


 kio ,y;yhJ Nghd> kio ngha;j;Jg; Nghd

2. “ Mh; jl;bDk; jl;L tuhkNy md;djhdj;jpw;F


khh; jl;ba Jiukhy; rPjf;fhjp tNuhjaNd...
m. ,t;tbfspd; rpwg;gpf;fg;gLk; kd;dd; ahh;?
 rPjf;fhjp

M. tNuhjad; vd;gjhy; fUjg;gLtJ ahJ?


 tuj;jpdhy; gpwe;jtd;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 37 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


03. ,g;ghlypy; gQ;r fhyj;jpd; nfhLik vt;thW
ntspf;fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ?
nghd;dpd; tpiyahdJ mjpfkhdJ. mj;Jld; kjpg;G kpf;fJ>
Mdhy; kio ngha;j;Jg; Nghd gQ;r fhyj;jpy; ney;yhdJ nghd; Nghd;W
kjpg;G kpf;f nghUshf khwpaJ. mjhtJ nghd;Df;F rkkhf ney;Yk;
kjpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jd; %yk; ney;iy thq;fp cz;z Kbahj gQ;r
fhy epiy ntspg;gLfpd;wJ. ney;Yk; nghd; Nghd;W ngWkjp
$baikahy; Vio kf;fs; ney;iy thq;fp jk; grpia Nghf;f Kbahj
epiy ,q;F ntspf;fhl;lg;gLfpwJ.

“ Xh; jl;bNy nghd;Dk; Xh; jl;bNy ney;Yk; xf;ftpw;Fk;


. fhh; jl;ba gQ;r fhyj;jpNy..| vDk; mbfs; me;epiyapid
njspTWj;Jfpd;wJ.
04. rPjf;fhjp kd;ddpd; nfhilj; jpwd; vt;thW fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ?
gQ;r fhyj;jpy; ney;ypd; kjpg;G cah;thdJ. nghd; Nghd;W
tpw;fg;gLfpd;wJ. me;j Neuj;jpy; ahUk; md;djhdk; mspf;f
Kd;tukhl;lhu;fs;. MdhYk; jkJ Raeydpw;fhf ahh; te;J jLj;jhYk;
Vio kf;fSf;F md;djhdk; nfhLj;J kf;fspd; grpiag; Nghf;fpatd;
rPjf;fhjp kd;dd;. ehd; ,Uf;fpd;Nwd; vd;W khh; jl;b kf;fSf;F
cztspg;gtd; vDk; tifapy; rPjf;fhjpapd; nfhilj;jpwd;
ntspg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jid> .

“ jq;fs; fhhpag; Ngh; Mh; jl;bDk; jl;L tuhkNy


. md;djhdj;jpw;F khh; jl;ba Jiukhy; rPjf;fhjp..”
vDk; mbfs; %yk; fhzyhk;.

“ nrj;Jk; nfhLj;jtd; rPjf;fhjp kd;dd; ”

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 38 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


fhsNkfg;Gytu; ghly;fs;
(ghly; 1- fhsNkfk; Gwg;gl;lJ)
fopAk; gpio nghUs; js;sp ed;D}yhk; flypy; cz;L
topAk; nghjpif tiuapdpy; fhy; nfhz;L tz; ftpij
nkhopAk; Gyth; kdj;ij ,bj;J Koq;fp kpd;dpg;
nghopAk; gbf;F ftp fhsNkfk; Gwg;gl;lNj.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. fopAk; - tpyf;fj;jf;f
2. js;sp - tpyf;fp
3. ed;D}y; - ey;y E}y;fs;
4. tiu - kiy
5. tz; ftpij - tdg;G> mofpa ftpij
nghUs; - tpyf;fj;jf;f gpiofisnay;yhk; tpyf;fp> fly;
Nghd;w E}y;fis mwpTf;F czthf cz;L mUtpfs; epuk;gp
topfpd;w nghjpif kiyapNy epiy nfhz;L> mofpa ftpijfisg;
ghLfpd;w Gyth;fSila kdkhfpa thdj;jpNy ,bj;J> Koq;fp> kpd;dp
ftp kio nghopAk; gbahf ,e;jf; ftp fhsNkfk; Gwg;gl;Ltpl;lNj.
tpdhf;fs;
1.. “ fopAk; gpio nghUs; js;sp ed;D}yhk; flypy; cz;L...
m. fopAk; gpio vd;gjhy; fUjg;gLtJ?
 tpyf;fj;jf;f nghUl; gpiofs;

M. ey;D}yhk; fly; vd;gjpy; cs;s mzp?


 cUtfk; - ed;D}yhfpa fly;

2. “ topAk; nghjpif tiuapdpy; fhy; nfhz;L tz; ftpij nkhopAk;


m. ,jpy; nghjpif tiu vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; nghUs;?
 tiu vd;gJ kiy. MfNt nghjpif kiy

M. tz; ftpij vd;jhy; fUjg;gLtJ?


 tdg;G> rpwg;G kpf;f ftpij

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 39 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


03. ,g;ghlypy; fhsNkfg;Gythpd; ftpr; rpwg;G ntspg;gLk; jd;ik ahJ?
tpyf;f Ntz;ba nghUl; gpiofis ePf;fp mwpT E}y;fis
fw;W ftp ghLgth; fhsNkfg;Gyth;. mth; tdg;G kpf;f ftpijfisg;
ghLfpd;w Gyth;fspd; kdq;fspy; Vwp mth;fspd; fhJfs; nrtplhFk; gb
kioiag; Nghy ftpfis ghLk; Mw;wy; gilj;jth;. mjhtJ kw;w
Gyth;fis tplTk; ftp ghLk; Mw;wy; gilj;jth; fhsNkfg;Gyth; vd
,q;F njspthfpd;wJ.
04. ,g;ghlypy; Gythpd; fw;gidj; jpwd; vt;thW ntspg;gLfpd;wJ?
,g;ghlypy; ,aw;iff; fhl;rpAld; Gythpd; fw;gid
ntspg;gLfpwJ. Koq;fp> kpd;dy; kpd;dp> thdk; vt;thW kio nghopANkh
mJ Nghy fhsNkfg; GytUk; ftpij ghLk; Mw;wYilath; vd
$wg;gLfpd;wJ. mwpT E}y;fs; gytw;iw fw;W tdg;G kpf;f
ftpijfisg; ghLfpd;w Vida Gyth;fs; mr;rk; nfhs;Sk; gbahf ftp
fhsNkfk; Gwg;gl;L tpl;lNj vd Gythpd; fw;gidahw;wy; ,q;f
ntspg;gLfpd;wJ.
fhsNkfg;Gytu; ghly; - 02
. rpNyilg;ghly; - ghk;Gk; vs;Sk; xg;G
Mbf; Flj;J milAk; MLk; NghNj ,iuAk;
%b jpwf;fpd; Kfk; fhl;Lk; Xb kz;il
gugu vDk; ghhpy; gpz;zhf;F cz;lhk;
cw;wpLk; ghk;G vs;S vdNt xJ.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. ,iuAk; - rj;jk; nra;Ak;
2. gpz;zhf;F - gpse;j ehf;F> gpsT gl;l ehf;F
nghUs; - ghk;ghdJ glnkLj;J Mba gpd; Flj;jpDs; nrd;W
mile;J tpLk;. glk; vLj;J MLk; NghJ ,iuAk;> Flj;jpy; mile;j
gpd; %bj; jpwe;jhy; jd; jiyia J}f;fp Kfj;ijf; fhl;Lk;. ghk;G
jPz;bdhy; tp\k; jiyf;Nfwp jiy guguf;Fk;. ghk;Gf;F gpse;j ehf;F
cs;sJ. ,ijg; NghyNt vs;shdJ nrf;fpNy Ml;lg;gl;L Flj;jpNy
vLj;J milf;fg;gLk;. nrf;fpNy Ml;Lk; NghJ ,iur;ry; Xir
cz;lhFk;. Flj;jpd; %biaj; jpwe;jhy; vz;nza; vk; Kfj;ijf;
fhl;Lk;. vz;nza;iaf; jiyapNy jltpdhy; jiy guguf;Fk;.
vs;Sf;Fk; gpz;zhf;F cz;L. vdNt ,t;Tyfpy; ctikahy;
nghUe;Jfpd;w ghk;Gk;> vs;Sk; xd;iwnahd;W xj;jjhFk;; vd;W
nrhy;Yf.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 40 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


tpdhf;fs;
01.. “ Mbf; Flj;J milAk; NghNj ,iuAk;
%b jpwf;fpd; Kfk; fhl;Lk;...
m. ,q;F xg;gplg;gl;l ,U nghUl;fSk; vit?
 ghk;G > vs;S

M. ,q;F gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;s mzp ahJ?


 rpNyil

02. m. fhsNkfg;Gythpd; ,aw;ngah; ahJ?


 tujd;

M. fhsNkfg;GytUf;f toq;fg;gl;l rpwg;Gg; ngaH?


 MRftp> rpNyilf;ftp

03. ,g;ghlypy; ghk;G> vs;S vd;gtw;wpd; xj;j jd;ikfis


vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf?

 Mbf; Flj;ij milAk;


ghk;G - glnkLj;J Mba gpd; Flj;jpDs; nrd;W mile;JtpLk;
. vs;S - nrf;fpNy Ml;lg;gl;L Flj;jpDs; vLj;J milf;fg;gLk;

 MLk; NghJ ,iuAk;


ghk;G - glk; vLj;J MLk; NghJ ,iuAk;
. vs;S - nrf;fpNy Ml;lg;gLk; NghJ ,iur;ry; cz;lhFk;

 %bj;jpwf;fpd; Kfk; fhl;Lk;


ghk;G - Flj;jpy; milj;J %bg; gpd; jpwf;Fk; NghJ
jiyia J}f;fp fhl;Lk;
vs;S - Flj;jpd; %biaj; jpwe;jhy; vz;nza; vk; Kfj;ij
fhl;Lk;

 Xb kz;il guguf;Fk;
ghk;G - jPz;bdhy; tprk; jiyf;Nfwp jiy guguf;Fk; .
vs;S - vz;nza;ia jiyapy; itj;jhy; jiyapy; gugu vDk;
czh;T Vw;gLk;

 gpz;zhf;F cz;lhk;
ghk;G - gpsT gl;l ehf;F cs;sik
. vs;S - vs; vz;nza; Cw;wpa gpd; gpz;zhf;fhf tUjy;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 41 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


fk;gpål;lh; - rpWfij
myF 05
.

 fk;gpA+l;lh; rpWfijapd; Mrphpah; - m. Kj;Jypq;fk;


 fk;gpA+l;lh; rpWfij ,lk;ngw;Ws;s E}y; - tlf;F tPjp
 rpWfij $Wk; gpujhd fUj;jpay;
fk;gpA+l;lu; xd;wpd; tUifapdhy; FLk;gk; xd;wpy; Vw;gl;l
khw;wq;fSk;> mf; fk;gpA+l;lu; thapyhf mtu;fs; ngw;Wf; nfhz;;l
mDgtq;fs; vd;gd $wg;gLfpd;wd.
 fk;gpA+l;lu; rpWfijapy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s Kjd;ikahd
fjhghj;jpuq;fs;
fjhrpupau; - mutpe;jdpd; je;ij
mutpe;jd; - kfd;
Nkfyh - mutpe;jdpd; mk;kh
 rpWfijapy; $wg;gLk; Kf;fpakhd tplaq;fs;
fk;gpA+l;lu; rpWfij gbg;gjw;F ,uridA+l;Lfpd;w
xU rpWfijahf gilf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,r;rpWfijapy; Muk;gk; Kjy;
KbT tiuf;Fk; gy Rthurpakhd tplaq;fs; $wg;gl;Ls;sd.
 fjhrpupau; (mutpe;jdpd; mg;gh) fk;gpA+l;lu; thq;fr; nry;Yjy;>
mq;F fk;gpA+l;lupd; gy tiffisf; fz;L Mr;rupag;gLjy;
 fjhrpupau; mnkupf;fhtpw;F J}z;by; thq;fr; nrd;w NghJ
mtUf;F Vw;gl;l mDgtq;fs;
 ez;gupd; cjtpAld; fk;gpA+l;lu; xd;wpid thq;Fjy;
 fk;gpA+l;lupd; tUiff;fhf FLk;gj;jpdu; MtYld; fhj;jpUj;jy;

 fk;gpA+l;lu; tPl;bw;F te;jJk; FLk;gj;jtu;fs; Nkw;nfhz;l gy;NtW


nraw;ghLfs;
 fk;gpA+l;lupd; tUifapd; gpd; tPl;by; Vw;gl;l khw;wq;fs;
 fk;gpA+l;liu FLk;gj;jpy; cs;stu;fs; gFjp> gFjpahf gad;gLj;Jjy;

 fk;gpA+l;lu; xd;wpd; gad;ghLk; mjd; %yk; fpilf;Fk; ed;ikfSk;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 42 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 rpWfijia mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l FWtpdhf;fs;
1. “ ez;gh; fk;gpA+l;lUf;F jyGuhzk; vOjpath; tpLthuh..”
m. jyGuhzk; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 jyk; xd;wpd; kfpikia> ngUikia Fwpg;gJ.
M. jyGuhzk; vOjpatu; vd;gJ rpWfijapy; ifahsg;gl;;ljd;
nghUj;jg;ghL vJ?
 fk;gpA+l;liug; gw;wpa KO tpguq;fisAk; mwpe;jtu;
2. “ Kjy; ehNs ehd; xU nghpa cz;ikia fz;Lgpbj;Njd;
fzpg;nghwp vd;gJ xU ,uhl;rj Ntiyf;fhud;.. ”
m. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; $wg;gl;lJ?
 fijahrphpahuhy;> mutpe;jdpd; je;ijahy;
M. ,uhl;rjk; vd;gjd; fUj;J?
 kpff; fbdkhd> nfhLikahd>
3. “ mutpe;jh> mutpe;jh ,q;f th vd;W ahid Mjp%yj;ij
$g;gpl;lJ Nghy XykpLths;.. ”
m. ,f;$w;wpidf; $wpatu; ahu;?
 mutpe;jdpd; mk;kh Nkfyh
M. ahid Mjp%yj;ij $g;gpl;lJ Nghy.. vDk; mb
ntspg;gLj;Jk; fUj;J ahJ?
fN[e;jpud; vDk; ahid jpUkhiy tpiuTld;

mioj;jik. (mjhtJ Kjiy tha; mfg;gl;l fN[e;jpud; jd;id
tpLtpj;Jf; nfhs;s midj;jpw;F Mjpahfpa jpUkhiy Mjp%yNk ruzk;
vd tpiuTld; xU gugug;Gld; Fuy; vOg;gpaJ)
4. “ ,e;jf; fk;gpA+l;lUk; mg;gbj;jhd; ml;r ,Ujaf;fiyapy;
ifNjh;e;jjhf ,Ue;jJ... ”
m. ml;r ,Ujaf;fiyAld; njhlh;Gilatd; ahh;?
 ,UJgh;zd;
M. ml;r ,Ujaf; fiy vd;why; vd;d?
 xNu jlitapy; gytw;iw vz;zpf; fzf;fpl;Lf;
$Wfpd;w fiy my;yJ Mw;wy;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 43 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


5. “ vd;Dila kfd; Ftis kyh; Nghd;w fU ePyf;fz;fis
,d;Dk; mfy tphpj;J.. ”
m. ,q;F kfd; vd tpspf;fg;gl;ltd; ahh;?
 mutpe;jd;
M. ,t;tbfspy; ntspg;gLk; mzpapid Fwpg;gpLf?
 ctikzp - Ftis kyu; Nghd;w fz;fs;
6. “ tpl;buhNj tpl;buhNj gpb vd;W fj;jpNdd;.. ”
M. ,f;$w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?
 mutpe;jdpd; je;ijahy; mutpe;jDf;F
M. ,q;F gpb vd $wg;gl;lJ vjid?
 fjhrpupau; vOjpa njhiy vDk; fijia
7. “ vd;dk;kh> ePq;f Rk;kh Rk;kh $g;gpl;L l;ugps; nfhLf;fpwPh;fs;.. ”
m. ,f;$w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?
 mutpe;jdhy; jha; NkfyhTf;F
M. l;ugps;; vd;gJ Fwpj;J epw;Fk; nghUs; ?
 ,ilA+W> njhe;juT
8. “ ,e;jg; igy; ,q;f vg;gb te;jJ…”
m. ,f;$w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?
 mutpe;jdpd; je;ijahy; kfDf;F
M. igy; vd;gjd; jkpo; tbtk; ahJ?
 Nfhit
9. “ 486 fk;gpA+l;lh; vd;W cr;rhldk; nra;jthNw mjd;
tPug;gpujhgq;fisg; gw;wp xU guzp ghbdhh;..||
m. guzp vd;gJ vt;tifahd ,yf;fpa tbtk;?
 rpw;wpyf;fpa tbtk;
M. guzp vd;gjhy; fUjg;gLtJ ahJ?
 Mapuk; ahidfis Nghupy; mlf;fp ntw;wp ngWk;
tPud; xUtidg; Gfo;e;J ghlg;gLtJ.
,. cr;rhldk; vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; fUj;J ahJ?
 kdg;ghlk; nra;jy;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 44 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


10. rpWfijapy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s fbd gjq;fSf;F tpsf;fk; vOJf?
 re;jp gpupf;fhj ghly; - Gupe;J nfhs;tjw;F fbdkhf cs;s jd;ik
 rpjk;gur; rf;fuk; - vJTNk Gupahj epiy
 #l;Rkk; - kpfkpf ,ufrpak;
 fl;Lr;NrhW - gazj;jpd; NghJ topapd; ,ilNa
cz;gjw;fhf fl;lg;gl;l czTg;nghjp.
 Cwg;Nghl;Lf;fplj;jy; - Njq;fp ,Uj;jy;> fplg;gpy; fplj;jy;>
 fy;Ysp kq;fd; - gpbthj Fzk; gilj;jtd;> czu;r;rpfsw;wtd;
 nfkp];up - fUj;J cld;ghL
 fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
01. ,r;rpWfijapy; gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;s ctikj; njhlh;fis vLj;Jf;
fhl;Lf?
,r; rpWfijapy; mjpfstpy; ctikj; njhlh;fs;
gapyg;gl;Ls;sd. mtw;iw Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
 fy;Ysp kq;fd; Nghy
 Mh;khdpag; ngl;b Nghy
 fj;jphpf;Nfhy; ntl;LtJ Nghy
 re;jp gphpf;fhj ghly; Nghy
 Myj;jp vLf;f epw;gJ Nghy
 kPd;FQ;R ePe;JtJ Nghy
 ahid Mjp%yj;ij $g;gpl;lJ Nghy
 Kl;bapy; fs;Sg; nghq;FtJ Nghy
 mk;kp nghsptJ Nghy
 tz;zj;Jg; G+r;rp gwg;gJ Nghy
 Gifapiyf; fd;Wf;F ghj;jp fl;LtJ Nghy
vdthW ctikj; njhlh;fis fhz Kbfpd;wJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 45 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


02. rpWfijapy; gpujhd ghj;jpuq;fspy; Fzg;gz;Gfs; ahit?
 mutpe;jdpd; je;ij
 fij nrhy;ypahf ,lk;ngw;wpUg;gth;
 fk;gpA+l;lh; gw;wpa mwpKfk; ,y;yhjth;
 mnkhpf;fhtpy; gzpg;ngz; Nfl;l Nfs;tpfshy; jpzwpg; Nghdth;
 fk;gpA+l;lh; gy tiffis fz;L Mr;rhpak; mile;jth;
 jl;nlOj;J nghwpapy; Njh;r;rp ngw;wth;
 njhiy vDk; jiyg;gpy; ePz;l fij xd;iw fzpdpapy;
vOjpath;
 fzpg;nghwp gw;wp mutpe;jdplk; Nfl;L mwpgth;
 jd; ez;giu tPl;Lf;F mioj;J jd; re;Njfq;fis jPh;j;Jf; nfhs;gth;.
 mutpe;jd;
 xd;gJ taJila rpWtdhf ,lk;ngWgtd;
 fk;gpA+l;liu MtYld; vjph;ghh;j;jpUe;jtd;
 fk;gpA+l;lh; nkhopapy; fijg;gtd;
 fk;gpA+l;lhpy; =uhk; vOjpatd;
 fzpg;nghwp gw;wpa tpilaq;fis je;ijf;F nrhy;ypf; nfhLg;gtd;
 fzpg; nghwpapy; glq;fs; tiugtd;> Nfk;]; tpisahLgtd;
 gs;sp Ntiyfis fzpdpapy; nra;gtd;
 etPd cyfpd; gpujpepjpahf fijapy; ,lk;ngw;wpUg;gtd;.
 Nkfyh
 fk;gpA+l;lh; thq;Ftjpy; tpUg;gKilats;
 mutpe;jdpd; jhahf tpsq;Fgts;
 tPl;bw;Ffk;gpA+l;lh; nfhz;Ltug;gLk; NghJ thrypy; Myj;jp
vLg;gjw;fhf Mh;tj;Jld; fhj;jpUe;jts;
 nja;t ek;gpf;if cilats;> fzdpapy; Fq;Fkg; nghl;L itj;jts;
 fzpg;nghwpapy; fzf;Ffs; gjpe;J itg;gts;>
 fk;gpA+l;lhpy; tpiuthf Njh;r;rp ngw;wts;
 fk;gpA+l;lupy; jdJ ngaiu Nkfh vd gjpe;J itj;jts;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 46 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


03. fk;gpA+l;lh; tPl;bw;F tUk; NghJ ele;j epfo;Tfs; ahit?
 kidtp Nkfyh Myj;jp vLg;gJ Nghy thrypy; fhj;jpUj;jy;
.  fk;gpA+l;liu ,wf;fp ey;y fhyk; ghh;j;J tPl;Lw;Fs; nfhz;L
nry;Yjy;
 rhkpf;F jPgk; fhl;b Nkfyh fzpdpf;F Fq;Fkg; nghl;L itj;jy;
 mutpe;jd; fzpdpapy; Xk; =uhk; vOjpaik.
 fk;gpA+l;liu jl;bg; ghh;j;jy;> vOjpg; ghh;j;jy;> mjd; kzj;ij
Efu;e;J ghu;j;jy;
04. fk;gpA+l;lh; tuthy; tPl;by; Vw;gl;l khw;wq;fs; ahit?
,r;rpWfijapy; kpfTk; Kf;fpakhd gFjp ,JthFk;.
fk;gpA+l;lh; tPl;bw;F te;jJk; mth;fsJ tPl;bNy gy khw;wq;fs;
Vw;gLfpd;wJ. fk;gpA+l;lhpd; tUifapdhy;; mth;fsJ tPL Kw;whfNt
khwpg; Ngha;tpLfpd;wJ.
 mutpe;jd;> mutpe;jdpd; je;ij> jha; Nkfyh vd %tUk;
fk;gpA+l;liu gFjp> gFjpahf gad;gLj;Jjy;
 mutpe;jd; - glq;fis tiujy;> Nfk;]; tpisahLjy;> ghlrhiyapy;
nfhLf;fg;gLk; tPl;L Ntiyfisr; nra;gtd;
 Nkfyh - tPl;Lf; fzf;F> rPl;Lf; fzf;Ffis fzzpapy; gjpe;J
itj;jpUg;gtu;.
 je;ij - njhiy vDk; fijia vOjpatu;
 fk;gpA+l;lh; nkhopapy; midtUk; Ngrg; gofpf; nfhz;lik
 mutpe;jdpd; ez;gh;fs; mbf;fb tPl;Lf;F te;J nry;Yjy;
mutpe;jdpd; je;ijf;Fk;> jha; Nkfyhtpw;Fk; ,ilapy;
neUf;fkhd md;G Vw;gl;lik
 Gjpjhf gpwe;j Foe;ij tPl;il mbNahL khw;Wtijg; Nghy
fk;gpA+l;lhpd; tUifahy; tPL khwpaJ.
05. fzpg;nghwpapdhy; Vw;gLk; ed;ikfs; ahit?
,r;rpWfijapy; fzpg;nghwp mjhtJ fk;gpAl;lh; %yk;
fpilf;fg;ngWk; ed;ikfis fz;Zw KbAk;.
- fhfpjk; kpr;rkhFk;
- Rw;Wr;#oYf;F ed;ik Vw;gLfpd;wJ
- jpUj;jq;fis xNu jlitapy; Nkw;nfhs;syhk;
- nrhw;gpiofisf; fz;Lgpbf;fyhk;> jpUj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;.
- nrhw;fspd; vz;zpf;if> gf;f vz;zpf;if vd;gtw;iw mwpayhk;.
- gpujp vLf;f KbAk;
- gy nraw;ghLfis Nkw;nfhs;s KbAk;
- fzf;Ffis gjpT nra;J Nrkpj;J itf;fyhk;
- glq;fs; tiuayhk; mj;Jld; Nfk;]; tpisahlyhk;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 47 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


06. ,r;rpWfijapy; ntspg;gLk; eifr;Rit czh;Tfis
vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf?
,r;rpWfijapNy mjpfkhd ,lq;fspy; eifr; Rit
czh;Tfs; ,ioNahbAs;sd. mt;tifapy; mit rpWfijf;F tYr;
Nrh;f;fpd;wd vdyhk;.
 fk;gpA+l;lhpd; tiffis fz;L Mr;rpupag;gl;lJld; mjpy; xd;wpd;
tu;zpg;igf; $Wk; NghJ> fy;Ysp kq;fd; Nghy vdf;$Wjy;.
fk;gpA+l;lupy; Mz; ngz; ghFghL ,Ug;gjhf $WtJk; mjw;fhf
fijahrphpah; $Wk; tpsf;fKk; eifr;Rit czh;tpidf;
nfhz;bUf;fpwJ.
filf;fhudpd; Njhw;wj;ij $Wk; NghJ> mtd; jiyapy; ,Uf;f
Ntz;ba Kbnay;yhk; %f;F topahfTk; fhJ topahfTk; te;J
nfhz;bUe;jJ vdf; $Wjy;
 mnkhpf;fhtpy; J}z;by; thq;fr; nrd;w NghJ filapy; epd;w
ngz; Nfl;l Nfs;tpfSk; mth; gl;l ghLk; eifr;Rit czh;tpid
ntspg;gLj;jy;.
mnkhpf;fh filf;F J}z;by; thq;fr; nrd;w NghJ mq;F ngz;
Fjp cah; fhyzpapy; eWf; eWf;nfd;W fj;jhpf;Nfhy; ntl;LtJ Nghy
ele;J te;jhs; vdf; $Wjy;.
 fhsNkfg; Gyth; ghir njhpahj jpk;kpNahL ,uTg; nghOij
fopj;j rk;gtj;ij eifr;Rit czh;NthL $Wjy; - akd; ifapy; gl;l
ghL gl;Nld; vdf;$Wjy;;
 filf;fhuUk;> ez;gUk; ciuahLk; NghJ vJTk;
tpsq;fpf;nfhs;s KbahJ fjhrpupau; ep;d;w jd;ik eifr;Rit czu;T
nghUe;jpaJ.
 fk;gpA+l;lupy; jj;J ,Ug;gjhf $WtJ xu; eifr;Rit
czu;thFk;.
 486 tbtikg;gpyhd fk;gpA+l;lu; vd ez;gu; $wpaijf; Nfl;L
486 vz;zpf;ifahd fk;gpA+l;lu;fs; jdf;F fpilf;fg; Nghtjhf
fjhrpupau; fUjpaJk; eifr;Rit czu;thFk;.
 fk;gpA+l;lUf;F ,dp Fio mbg;gJ xd;W jhd; ghf;fp
vdf;$Wjy;
,t;thW gy eifr; Rit czh;Tfs; rpWfijapd; ,il
,ilNa ,ioNahbAs;sd.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 48 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


07. ,r; rpWfijapy; fk;gpA+l;lh; vDk; jiyg;gpd; nghUj;jg;ghL gw;wp
vLj;Jiuf;f?
,r;rpWfijf;F fk;gpA+l;lh; vDk; jiyg;G kpfg; nghUj;jkhdjhFk;.
fiyg;gilg;G xd;wpd; fUj;Jf;F Vw;g jiyg;G miktJ mtrpakhFk;.
mt; tifapy; fUg;nghUSf;F Vw;g neUf;fkhd njhlh;Gilajhf ,j;
jiyg;G mike;Js;sJ.
fij KOtJNk fk;gpA+l;lNu gpujhdkhf ,lk;ngWfpd;wJ. gpujhd
ghj;jpuq;fspd; nraw;ghLfs; midj;Jk; fk;gpA+l;liu ikag;gLj;jpNa
mikfpd;wd. ,d;iwa fhyfhl;lj;jpy; fk;gpA+l;lupd; Njit vj;jifaJ
vd;gij ,r;rpWfij ntspg;gLj;JtJk;> fk;gpA+l;lupd; ed;ik> jPik>
gbg;gpidfs; vd;gdTk; ,q;F ntspg;gLtjdhy; ,r;rpWfijapd;
jiyg;G nghUj;jg;ghL cilaJ vd mwpaKbfpd;wJ.
08. rpWfijahrphpahpd; nkhopeilr; rpwg;Gf;fis vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf.?
fk;gpA+l;lh; rpWfijapy; kpfTk; rpwg;ghd nkhopeilr;
rpwg;Gf;fis fijahrphpah; ifahz;Ls;shh;. mtw;iwg; gpd;tUkhW
Nehf;fyhk;>
 fijahrphpah; jhNk fijnrhy;ypahf je;ij vDk;
fjhghj;jpuj;jpy; rpWfij KOtJk; ,lk;ngWfpd;whu;.
 vspikahd nrhw;gpuNahfj;Jld; ,ize;j rpwpa rpwpa
thf;fpaq;fNshL $ba ge;jp mikg;gpy; fijia efh;j;jpr; nrd;wpUj;jy;
 rpWfijapy; Njitg;gLk; ,lj;jpy; jkpo; nkhopr; nrhw;fSld;
Mq;fpy nkhopr; nrhw;fs; kw;Wk; tlnkhopr; nrhw;fis
gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;.
Mq;fpyk; - jpNal;lh;> fTz;lh;> Ngg;gh;> l;ugps;>.
tlnkhop - ghi\> =uhk;> #l;Rkk;> fhUz;ak;
 ctikj; njhlh;fis rpWfijapy; mjpfstpy;
gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;
- kPd;FQ;R ePe;JtJ Nghy
 eifr;Rit rhh;e;j tpilaq;fis rpWfijapy; ,izj;jpUj;jy;

 ,yf;fpaf; fhl;rpfis rpWfijapy; ,izj;jpUj;jy;


- esntz;gh - ,UJgh;zd; fij .
- fhsNkfg;Gyth; mDgtk;
 ciuahly; ghq;fpy; Ngr;R tof;F nrhw;fis ,izj;jpUj;jy;.
- ,e;j igy; ,Q;r vg;gb te;jJ
- vd;dk;kh ePq;fs;..
 rpWfijapy; ctikazpg; gad;ghL fhzg;gLjy;
 aho;gg
; hzg; Ngr;Rtof;Fr; nrhw;fis mjpfstpy;
ifahz;bUj;jy;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 49 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


. jpUf;Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rp
. myF - 06
 ghl mwpKfk;
 FwtQ;rp vd;gJ jkpo; ,yf;fpaj;jpy; cs;s rpw;wpyf;fpa tbtq;fspy; xd;whFk;.

 jpUf;Fw;whyf;FwtQ;rp ehaf;fu; fhyj;jpy; Njhw;wk; ngw;w ,yf;fpakhFk;.

 ,t; ,yf;fpaj;jpd; Mrpupau; jpup$luhrg;g ftpuhau;.

 jpUf;Fw;whyf;FwtQ;rpapd; ghl;Lilj; jiytd; jpUf;Fw;whyehju; vDk;


rptngUkhd;. ghl;Lilj; jiytp tre;jty;yp.
 Fw;whyehju; tPjpAyh tUk; NghJ VO gUtg; ngz;fSk; Fw;whyehjupd;
moiff; fz;L mtu; kPJ fhjy; tag;gl;L epw;ghu;fs;.
 mt;Ntisapy; tre;jty;yp NguoF gilj;jtshf ge;J mbj;jthW mq;F te;J
NrUfpd;whs;.
 mt;thW tre;jty;yp Fw;whyehjiuf; fz;lJk;> mt; ,iwtd; kPJ fhjy;
nfhs;Sfpd;whs;.
 Fw;whyehju; tPjpAyh Kbj;J jd;dpUg;gplk; nrd;w gpd; tre;j ty;yp
Fw;whyehjupd; epidg;gpy; thLfpd;whs;.
 mt;Ntisapy; Fwp nrhy;Yk; Fwj;jp xUj;jp mq;F tUfpd;whs;. mtsplk;
tre;jty;ypapd; fhjy; gw;wp Fwp nrhy;YkhW Ntz;Lfpd;wdu;.
 Fwj;jp tre;jty;ypapd; fhjydhfpa Fw;whyehju; tPw;wpUf;Fk; kiytsk;>
ehl;Ltsk;> Fw;whyehjupd; ngUikfs; vd;gtw;iw vLj;Jf; $Wfpd;whs;.
 vkf;F jug;gl;Ls;s ghly;fspy;>

- Fw;why kiy tsk; $Wfpd;w ghly;fs;


- Fw;why ehl;L tsk; $Wfpd;w ghly;fs;
vdthW fz;L nfhs;sKbAk;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 50 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 01 - Fwj;jp kiy tsk; $Wjy;
thduq;fs; fdp nfhLj;J ke;jpnahL nfhQ;Rk;
ke;jp rpe;J fdpfSf;F thd;ftpfs; nfQ;Rk;
fhdth;fs; tpop vwpe;J thdtiu miog;gh;
ftdrpj;jh; te;J te;J fharpj;jp tpisg;ghh;
Njd;mUtp jpiu vOk;gp thdpd; top xOFk;
nrq;fjpNuhd; ghpf;fhYk; Njh;f;fhYk; tOFk;
$dy; ,sk;gpiw Kbj;j Ntzpayq;fhuu;
Fw;why jphp$l kiy vq;fs; kiyNa.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. thduk; - Mz;Fuq;F
2. ke;jp - ngz; Fuq;F
3. thd;ftp - Njth;
4. thdth; - Njth;fs;
5. fhdth; - Ntlh;
6. ftdk; - thd;top> thdk;
7. fharpj;jp - Neha; jPh;f;Fk; %ypif
9. nrq;fjpNuhd; - #hpad;
9. ghpf;fhy; - Fjpiuf;fhy;
10. Njh;f;fhy; - Njh;r; rf;fuk;
11. Ntzp - ril> rlhKb
nghUs; - Mz;Fuq;Ffs; gytifahd fdpfis gwpj;Jf;
nfhLj;J ngz;Fuq;FfSld; nfhQ;rp tpisahLk;. me;jg; ngz;Fuq;Ffs;
cz;Zk; NghJ fPNo rpe;Jfpd;w fdpfSf;F thdj;jpy; cs;s Njth;fs;
nfQ;rpf; nfhz;bUg;gh;. Ntlh;fs; jk; fz; ghh;itapdhy; thdpy; cs;s
Njth;fis fPNo tUkhW miog;gh;. thdpy; cyhtpj; jphpAk; rpj;jh;fs;
fPNo ,wq;fp te;J fharpj;jp %ypiffis tpistpg;gu;. Njd; fye;j
kiyaUtpfspd; miyfshdJ thdpd; tiu nrd;W fPNo xOFk;.
mjpy; #hpadpd; Njh;r;rf;fuq;fSk;> Njhpy; cs;s Fjpiufspd; fhy;fSk;
tOf;fpr; nry;Yk;. tise;j ,sk;gpiwr; re;jpuid jd; rlhKbapy; #ba
moFila jpUf;Fw;whyehjh; vOe;jUspapUf;fpd;w rpwg;G kpf;f kiyNa
vkJ kiyahFk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 51 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 02 - Fwj;jp kiy tsk; $Wjy;
Koq;F jpiu Gdy; mUtp foq;F vd Kj;jhLk;
Kw;wk; vq;Fk; gue;J ngz;fs; rpw;wpiy nfhz;L XLk;
fpoq;F fps;sp Njd; vLj;J tsk;ghb ebg;Nghk;
fpk;Ghpapd; nfhk;G xbj;J ntk;G jpid ,bg;Nghhk;
nrOq; Fuq;F Njkhtpy; goq;fis ge;J mbf;Fk;
Njd; myh; rz;gfthrk; thDyfpy; ntbf;Fk;
toq;F nfhil kfuhrh; FWk;gytpd; <rh;
tsk; ngUFk; jphp$l kiy vq;fs; kiyNa.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. Koq;F jpiu - Muthuk; kpf;f miy
2. Gdy; - ePh;
3. foq;F - xU tif tpisahl;L
4. rpw;wpy; - kzy; tPL
5. fpk;Ghp - ahid
6. nfhk;G - je;jk;
7. ntk;G jpiz - tWj;j jpiz
8. ntbf;Fk; - guTk;
nghUs; - xyp vOg;Gfpd;w miyfisAila ePh; mUtpahdJ
fOq;F tpisahLtJ Nghy Kj;Jf;fis nrhhpe;J nfhz;bUf;Fk;.
me;j ePh; mUtpahdJ Fwtu;fsJ ,y;yq;fspd; Kw;wq;fs; NjhWk; gutpr;
nrd;W rpW ngz; gps;isfs; fl;ba rpW tPLfis mbj;Jr; nry;Yk;.
kiyr;rhuy;fspy; fpoq;Ffis fps;sp vLj;J> Njdilfspy; ,Ue;J
NjidAk; vLj;J vq;fs; kiy tsj;ijg; ghb eldkhLNthk;.
ahidfspd; je;jk; vLj;J tWj;j jpidapid cuypy; ,l;L ,bg;Nghk;.
,sikahd Fuq;Ffs; khkuj;jpy; ,dpa fdpfisg; gwpj;J mtw;iw
ge;Jfshf mbj;J tpisahLk;. Njd; epiwe;j nrz;gf kyh;fspd;
thridahdJ thDyfk; tiu nrd;W guTk;. mUl;nfhil toq;Fk;
nfhilj; jd;ikAila kfuhruhfpa Fw;wyehju; FWk; gyhkuj;jbapy;
FbapUf;fpd;w tsk; ngUfpapUf;Fk; kiyNa vq;fs; kiyahFk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 52 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 03 - Fwj;jp Fw;why ehl;L tsk; $Wjy;
#o Nkjp ,wq;Fk; Jiwapy; .
nrhhpAk; ghiy gUfpa this
$io thrk; gyhtpdpy; gha .
nfhOk; gyhf;fdp thioapy; rha
thio rha;e;J xU jhioapy; jhf;f .
tUk; tpUe;Jf;F cgrhpg;Nghh; Nghy;
jhio Nrhwpl thio FUj;jpLk; .
re;jpu #lh; njd; Mhpa ehNl.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. Nkjp - vUik
2. Jiw - ePh;epiy
3. this - this kPd;
4. $io - xU tifg; gyh
nghUs; - vUik khLfs; $l;lk; $l;lkhf ,wq;Ffpd;w
ePh;epiyapy;> mit nrhhpfpd;w ghiyg; gUfpa this kPd;fs; kzk; tPRk;
$iog; gyhtpid Nehf;fp ghAk;> mjdhy; nfhOtpa gyhf;fdpfs;
mUfpy; cs;s thio kuq;fspy; NkNy cjpu> mjdhy; thiofs;
rha;e;J mUfpy; ,Uf;Fk; jhio kuq;fis jhf;Fk;. mg;NghJ tPl;bw;F
tUk; tpUe;jpdh;fSf;F NrhW ,l;L nfhLj;J cgrhpg;gijg; Nghy
jhioahdJ G+f;fis NrhW Nghy nrhhpa> thio jd; FUj;jpid
tphpj;J mtw;wpid Ve;Jk;. ,j;jifa re;jpu#lhpd; njd; Mhpa ehL
vq;fs; Fw;why ehlhFk;.
ghly; 04 - Fwj;jp Fw;why ehl;L tsk; $Wjy;
khjk; %d;W kio cs;s ehL
tUlk; %d;W tpisT cs;s ehL
Ntjk; %d;Wk; gyh cs;s ehL
tpN\\k; %d;Wk; Fyh cs;s ehL
Nghjk; %d;Wk; eyd; nra;Ak; ehL
Gtdk; %d;Wk; tyQ; nra;Ak; ehL
ehjk; %d;W cUthd Fw;why
ehjh; Mhpa ehL vq;fs; ehNl.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. tpN\rk; - fphpia
2. Nghjk; - kdpj epiy (gpwg;G> tho;T> ,wg;G)
3. eyd; - ed;ik
4. Gtdk; - G+kp> cyfk;
5. %d;W cU - Kk;%h;j;jpfs;
6. tpisT - tpisr;ry;
7. ehjk; - ehj jj;Jtk;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 53 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


nghUs; - khjk; NjhWk; jtwhky; %d;W kio nghopfpd;w ehL>
tUlk; %d;W Nghfq;fs; tpisfpd;w ehL> Ntjq;fs; %d;Wk; (,Uf;F>
a#h;> ahkk;) Nth;> kuk;> gad; vd %d;whf mike;j FWk;gyhit
cila ehL. epj;jpak;> iekpj;jpak;> fhkpfk; vd %d;W fpupiafs;
jtwhky; elf;fpd;w ehL. gpwg;G> tho;T> ,wg;G Mfpa kdpjdJ %d;W
epiyfspYk; ed;ik fpilf;fpd;w ehL. Nky;> ,il> fPo; vd %d;W
cyfq;fspYk; tho;gth;fs; te;J topgLfpd;w ehL> ehjjj;Jtj;jpd;
nka;gn
; ghUshf cs;s mhp> mad;> mud; Mfpa %d;WUthf
(Kk;%h;j;jpfs;) tpsq;Fk; Fw;wyehjhpd; Mhpa ehNl vq;fs; ehlhFk;.
ghly; 05 - Fwj;jp Fw;why ehl;L tsk; $Wjy;
ePq;ff; fhz;gth; Nrh;e;jth; ghtk;
neUq;ff; fhz;gJ fd;dypd; nre;ney;
J}q;ff; fhz;gJ khk;gof; nfhj;J
#oyf; fhz;gJ G+e;japh; kj;J
tPq;ff; fhz;gJ kq;ifah; nfhq;if
ntbf;ff; fhz;gJ nfhy;iyapd; Ky;iy
Vq;ff; fhz;gJ kq;fy Nghp
<rh; Mhpa ehL vq;fs; ehNl
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. fd;dy; - fUk;G
2. Nghp - KuR> thj;jpak;
3. Nrh;e;jth;; - mile;jtu;fs;
4. ntbf;f - gpsf;f
nghUs; - ,e;j ehl;bid te;J Nrh;e;jth;fs; ePq;ff; fhz;gJ jhk;
nra;j ghtq;fshFk;. ,e;ehl;by; neUq;fp ,Ug;gitnay;yhk; tay;fspy;
cs;s fUk;Gk;> ney;Yk; MFk;. ,q;F njhq;fpf; fplg;git vy;yhk;
khk;gof; nfhj;Jf;fs;. ,q;F Rod;W nfhz;bUf;f fhz;git japh;filAk;
mofpa kj;Jf;fshFk;. ,q;F tPf;fKld; fhzg;gLgit mofpa kq;ifah;
khh;gfq;fshFk;. ,q;F ntbf;f fhz;gnjy;yhk; Njhl;lj;jpy; cs;
Ky;iy mUk;GfshFk;. ,q;F Vq;ff; fhz;gJ kq;fykhd Nghpif
xypahFk;. ,j;jifa tsq;fs; epiwe;j <rd; Fw;whyehjUf;F
nrhe;jkhd ehNl vq;fs; ehlhFk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 54 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 FWtpdh tpil
1. ‚ thduq;fs; fdp nfhLj;J ke;jpnahL nfhQ;Rk;
ke;jp rpe;J fdpfSf;F thd;ftpfs; nfQ;Rk;..."
m. ,q;F thd;ftpfs; vdg;gLNthh;?
 thdj;jpy; cs;s Njth;fs;

M. thduk;>vdgjd; nghUs;?
 thduk; - Mz; Fuq;F
2. ‚ fhdth;fs; tpopnawpe;J thdtiu miog;gh; ftd rpj;jh;
te;J te;J fharpj;jp tpisg;gh;... "
m. ,jpy; fhdth;fs; vdg;gLNthh;?
 Ntlh;fs;

M. thdth; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?


 Njth;fs;

,. fharpj;jp vd;gjd; %yk; fUjg;gLtJ?


 Neha; jPh;f;Fk; %ypif

<. ftdrpj;ju; vdg;gLNthu; ahu;?


 thdpy; cyhTk; rpj;ju;fs;
3. ‚ NjdUtp jpiu vOk;gp thdpd;top xOFk; nrq;fjpNuhd;
ghpf;fhYk;> Njh;f;fhYk; tOFk;... "
m. ,q;F ghpf;fhy;> Njh;f;fhy; vd;gdGyg;gLk; fUj;Jf;fs; vit?
 ghpf;fhy; - Fjpiuf;fhy;
.  Njh;f;fhy; - Njhpy; cs;s rf;fuq;fs;
M. ,t;tbfspy; ntspg;gLk; mzp ahJ?
 cah;T etpw;rpazp
4. ‚ $dpypsk; gpiw Kbj;j Ntzpayq;fhuh; Fw;why jphp$l kiy... "
m. $dpypsk; gpiw vd;gjd; nghUs;?
 tise;j ,sk; gpiwr; re;jpud;

M. $dypsk; gpiwia Kbj;jtu; ahu;?


 Fw;whyehju; my;yJ rptngUkhd;

,. Ntzp vd;gJ czu;j;Jk; fUj;J ahJ?


 ril> rlhKb

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 55 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


5. ‘ Koq;F jpiu Gdy; mUtp foq;F vd Kj;jhLk;
Kw;wk; vq;Fk; gue;J ngz;fs; rpw;wpiy nfhz;L XLk;.. ’’
m. Koq;F jpiu vd;why; vd;d?
 Muthuk; kpf;f miy

M. ,q;F $wg;gl;Ls;s ,U tpisahl;Lf;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf?


 foq;F> rpw;wpy;

6. ‚ fpk;Ghpapd; nfhk;nghbj;J ntk;G jpiz ,bg;Nghk;…"


m. ,jpy; fpk;Ghp vdf;fUjg;gLtJ ahJ?
 ahid (G+z; fl;lg;gl;l ahid)

M. nfhk;G vdg;gLtJ ,q;F ahJ?


 je;jk;

7. ‚ #ONkjp ,wq;Fk; Jiwapy; nrhhpAk; ghiy……"


m. ,q;F Nkjp vd;gjhy; ePh; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;tJ?
 vUik

M. Jiw vdf;fUjg;gLtJ ahJ?


 ePh; epiy
8. ‚ Ntj %d;Wk; gyhTs;s ehL tpN\r %d;Wk;
FyhTs;s ehL... "
m. Ntjk; %d;Wk; vdg;gLgit vit?
 ,Uf;F> a#h;> rhkk;

M. ,q;F tpN\rk; vdf; fUjg;gLgit?


 tpN\rk; vd;why; fpupia - epj;jpa fphpia> fhkpa
fphpia> iekpj;jpa fphpia

9. ‚ Nghjk; %d;Wk; eyQ; nra;Ak; ehL Gtdk; %d;W


tyQ; nra;Ak; ehL... "
m. ,q;F Nghjk; %d;W vdg;gLgit vit?
 gpwg;G> tho;T> ,wg;G

M. ,t;tbfspy; Gtdk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?


 Gtdk; vd;why; cyfk;
 Nky; cyfk; (thDyfk;)
.  eL cyfk; (epyTyfk;;)
.  fPo; cyfk; (ghjhs cyfk;)

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 56 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


10. ‚ ehj %d;WUthd Fw;why ehjh; Mhpa ehL
vq;fs; ehNl.. "
m. ,t;tbapy; ehj %d;WU vdg;gLNthh;?
 Kk;%u;j;jpfs; (tp\;Z> gpuk;kh> rptd;)

M. ,q;F ehj %d;WUthdth; ahh;?


 Fw;why ehjh;
11. ‚ ePq;ff; fhz;gJ Nrh;e;jth; ghtk; neUq;ff; fhz;gJ
fd;dypd; nre;ney;... "
m. ,q;F ePq;ff; fhz;gJ vJ?
 ,e;j ehl;il te;J Nrh;e;jth; ghtk;

M. fd;dy; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?


 fUk;G

12. jpUf;Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rp vDk; ,yf;fpaj;jpd; Mrphpah; ahh;?


 jphp$luhrg;g ftpuhah;

13. FwtQ;rp vd;gJ vt;tifahd ,yf;fpa tbtj;ij Nrh;e;jJ?


 gpuge;jk;/rpw;wpyf;fpak;

14. jpUf;Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rpapd; jiytd;> jiytp ahth;?


 jiytd; - jpUf;Fw;why ehjh;
 jiytp - tre;jty;yp
15. FwtQ;rp vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 Fwj;jpg; ngz;

( tQ;rpf;nfhb Nghd;w ,ilapidf; nfhz;l ngz;)

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 57 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
01. jpUf;Fw;why kiy tsk; gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;Ff.?
jpUf;Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rpapy; jpUf;Fw;why kiy tsk; Kjy;
,uz;L ghly;fspy; moFw rpj;jhpf;fg;gl;Ls;sikia fhzyhk;.
mtw;iw Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
 ,dpa RitAs;s khq;fdpfisf; nfhz;l khkuq;fis
fhzg;gLk; kiyahf tpsq;Fjy;..
 Njth;fSk; te;J jq;fp ,Ug;gjw;F tpUk;Gk; kiy.
 thdj;jpy; cyhtpj; jphpfpd;w rpj;jh;fs; mbf;fb te;J Neha;
jPu;f;Fk; fharpj;jp %ypifia tpistpf;fpd;w kiy.
 caukhd kiyfspypUe;J Njd; fye;j mUtpfs; thdpd; top
Nky; vOk;gp topfpd;w kiyahf tpsq;Ffpd;wJ.
 Koq;Ffpd;w miyfisf; nfhz;;l ePu; mUtpfs; foq;F
tpisahLtijg; Nghy Kj;Jf;fis nrhhpfpd;w kiy.
 thDyfk; tiu kzk; tPRk; nrk;gf kyh;fs; kyh;fpd;w kiy.
 ngz;fs; kzypy; rpWtPLfis fl;b tpisahLfpd;w NghJ
me;j kzy; tPLfis ePh;mUtpfs; mbj;Jf; nfhz;L nry;Yfpd;w ePh;tsk;
kpf;f kiyahfTk; tpsq;FtJ.
 ahidapd; je;jk; nfhz;L jpizapid ,bj;J cz;Zfpd;w
kiyahf tpsq;FtJ.
 fpoq;F> jpid> khk;gok;> Njd; vDk; gytifahd rpwg;Gf;fs;
epiwe;Js;s kiyahfTk; tpsq;FtJ.
 jpUf;Fw;whyehjh; vDk; ,iwtd; tPw;wpUf;fpd;w kiy.
,tw;iw>
“ thduq;fs; fdp nfhLj;J ke;jpnahL nfhQ;Rk;..”
“ Njd; mUtp jpiunaOk;gp thdpd; topnahOFk;..
“ ftdrpj;ju; te;J te;J fharpj;jp tpisg;gu;..
“ KOq;Fjpiu GdyUtp foq;nfd Kj;jhLk;..
“ Njd; myu; rz;gf thrk; thDyfpy; ntbf;Fk;..
vDk; ghlybfs; thapyhf cjhuzg;gLj;jp fhzKbAk;.
,t;thW tise;j ,sk;gpiwr; re;jpuid jdJ rlhKbapy;
jhpj;Js;s jpUf;Fw;why ehjh; tPw;wpUf;fpd;w jpUf;Fw;why kiyapd;
rpwg;Gf;fis Kjy; ,uz;L ghly;fs; thapyhf ehk; ,q;F njhFj;J
Nehf;fyhk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 58 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


02. jpUf;Fw;why ehl;Ltsk; gw;wp njspTWj;Jf?
jpUf;Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rpapy; Fw;why ehl;L tskhdJ %d;W
ghly;fs; thapyhf moFw ntspg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjid
gpd;tUkhW Nehf;fyhk;>
 vUikfs; $l;lk; $l;lkhf ,wq;fp ePuhLfpd;w ePh;j;Jiwfs;
epiwe;j ehL..
 $iog;gyh kuq;fs;> thiofs;> jhiofs; vd;gd tpisag; ngw;W
nropg;Gw;W tpsq;Fk; ehL
 khje;jtwhj %d;W kio> %d;W Nghfk; jtwhj tpisr;ry;>
%d;W Ntjq;fis mbg;gilahf nfhz;l FWk; gyhf;fs;>
%tif fpupiafs; jtwhJ eilngWjy;> kdpjdJ gpwg;G> ,wg;G> tho;T
vDk; %d;W epiyfspYk; ed;ik cz;lhjy; vd gytif rpwg;Gf;fis
nfhz;bUf;Fk; ehlhFk;.
 %d;W cyfq;fspy; tho;gth;fSk; tUif je;J topghL
nra;fpd;w ehlhf tpsq;FtJ.
 ehj %d;W cUthf mud;> mad;> mhp vDk; jphp%h;j;jpfspd;
Xh; cUthfpa rptngUkhd; Fw;whyehjh; vDk; ngahpy; tPw;wpUf;Fk; ehL.
 te;J Nrh;gth;fspd; ghtq;fs; midj;Jk; ePq;fg;ngWk; ehlhf
tpsq;FtJ.
 fUk;Gk;> nre;ney;Yk; neUf;fKwf; fhzg;gLfpd;w tay;fisf;
nfhz;l ehL.
 khk;goq;fs; nfhj;Jf; nfhj;Jf;fs; J}q;fpf; fhzg;gly;
 tPLfspy; japh; filAk; kj;Jf;fs; RoYk; rpwg;G>
 nfhy;iyg;Gwq;fspy; Ky;iy mUk;Gfs; ntbj;jy;
 vg;NghJk; kq;fy Nghpif xypfs; ntspg;gLjy;
 nkd;ikahd gUj;j jdq;fis nfhz;l mofpa ngz;fs;;
thOfpd;w rpwg;G kpFe;j ehL.
,tw;iw>
“ #o Nkjp ,wq;Fk; Jiwapy; .
nrhhpAk; ghiy gUfpa this..
“ khjk; %d;W kio cs;s ehL
tUlk; %d;W tpisT cs;s ehL
Ntjk; %d;Wk; gyh cs;s ehL
tpN\\k; %d;Wk; Fyh cs;s ehL
vDk; ghlybfs; thapyhf njspTWj;j KbAk;.
,t;thW jpUf;Fw;why kiyapd; ehl;Lr; tsk; moFw
,g;gFjpapy; %d;W ghly;fs; thapyhf ntspg;gLk; jd;ikapid ehk;
mwpe;J nfhs;syhk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 59 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


03. jpUf;Fw;why ehjh; ngUikfs; ntspg;gLk; jd;ikapid
njspTWj;Jf?
Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rpapy; ghly;fspd; filrp ,uz;L tupfspy;
Fw;whyehjupd; ngUikfSk;. rpwg;Gf;fSk; moFw
ntspg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd. mjid gpd;tUkhW Nehf;fyhk;>
 tise;j ,sk;gpiwr;re;jpuid jdJ rlhKbapy; mzpe;jpUf;fpd;w
mofpa jpUNkdp nfhz;lth;.
 mUl;nfhil toq;Fk; nfhilj;jd;ikAila ,iwtdhf
FWk;gyh kuj;jpdbapy; Nfhtpy; nfhz;bUg;gth;.
 mofpa jpUf;Fw;why kiyapy; tPw;wpUg;gth;
 mad;> mhp> mad; Mfpa Kk;%h;j;jpfspd; cUthf Fw;whyehjh;
vDk; ehkk; nfhz;L tPw;wpUg;gth;.
 gytifahd rpwg;Gf;fis jd;dfj;Nj nfhz;l Fw;why ehl;by;
ciwe;jpUg;gth;.
 %d;W cyfj;jth;fSk; te;J topgLk; Fw;why kiyf;F
,iwtd;.
,tw;iw>
“ $dy; ,sk;gpiw Kbj;j Ntzpayq;fhuu;
“ toq;F nfhil kfuhrh; FWk;gytpd; <rh;..
“ <rh; Mhpa ehL vq;fs; ehNl..
“ ehjk; %d;W cUthd Fw;why
ehjh; Mhpa ehL vq;fs; ehNl.
“ re;jpu #lh; njd; Mhpa ehNl..
vDk; ghlybfspd; fhzKbfpd;wJ.

04. Mrphpahpd; ftpr;rpwg;Gf;fs;/nkhopeilr; rpwg;Gf;fs; ahit?


,g;ghly; gFjpapy; Mrpupaupd; nkhopeilg; gz;Gfs; rpwg;ghf
ifahsg;gl;Ls;sd.
 Xir eakpf;f re;jr;Ritapid gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;

 vspikahd ,yFthd nrhw;fis gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;

 ,irAld; ghlj;jf;f tifapy; ghly;fs; mike;jpUj;jy;


 cah;T etpw;rpazpia mjpfkhf ghly;fspy;
gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;> ctikazp> cUtf mzpapd; ntspg;ghLk;
fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
 ,aw;if tsr; rpwg;Gf;fs; gytw;iw ghly;fspy;
,izj;jpUj;jy;
 ,iwtDila ngUikfs; ghly;fspy; gf;jpr; RitNahL;
,lk;ngw;wpUf;fpd;wik.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 60 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


05. ,g; ghlg;gFjpapy; Gyg;gLk; tho;tpay; gz;ghl;L mk;rq;fs; gw;wp
vLj;Jiuf;f?
,g;ghly; gFjpapy; tho;tpay; gz;ghl;L mk;rq;fs; gw;wp
Nehf;fpLk; NghJ> nghJthfNt tho;tpay; gz;ghl;L mk;rq;fs; vDk;
NghJ xU r%fj;jpd; tho;tplk;> czT> Mil> tpisahl;L> topghL>
njhopy; Kjypa gy mk;rq;fis Fwpg;gplyhk;. ,t;thW ,g; ghlypd;
Clhf gz;ghl;L mk;rq;fis Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
 Fw;why kiyapy; thOfpd;w Fwth;fs;> fhl;by; thOk; Ntlh;fs;
vd mth;fsJ tho;tplk; fhl;lg;gLjy;
 fpoq;F> jpiz> goq;fs; vd mth;fsJ czT Kiw
Fwpg;gplg;gl;bUj;jy;
 ngz;fs; rpw;wpy; mjhtJ kzy; tPL fl;b tpisahLjy; vDk;
tifapy; tpisahl;L Kiw fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ
 Fw;whyehjiu topghbaw;Wjy; vd;gjd; Clhf kf;fsJ
topghl;L Kiw Rl;lg;gLfpd;wJ.
 ney; tpistpj;jy;> japh; filjy;> Ntl;ilahLjy;> ntk;G
jpiz ,bj;jy; vd mth;fsJ njhopy; Kiwfs; Ngrg;gLfpd;wd.
.  ghly; ghLjy;> eldk; Ghpjy; vd;gjd; Clhf fiy czh;T
ntspg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.
,t;thW kf;fsJ tho;tpay; gz;ghl;L mk;rq;fs;
Gyg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.
06. Fw;whyf;FwtQ;rp ghly;fspy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s ctikazp
ntspg;ghl;bid vLj;J tpsf;Ff?
 “ Koq;F jpiu Gdy; mUtp foq;F vd Kj;jhLk;..”
Muthuk; kpf;f miyfs; foq;F tpisahl;bidg; Nghy
Kj;Jf;fis nrhupfpd;wd.
ctkhdk; - foq;F tpisahl;L
ctNkak; - Kj;Jf;fis nrhupjy;
nghJj;jd;ik - nrhupjy;
 “ tUk; tpUe;Jf;F cgrhpg;Nghh; Nghy;
jhio Nrhwpl thio FUj;jpLk;..”
tPl;bw;F tUk; tpUe;jpdu;f;F NrhW ,l;L cgrupg;gijg; Nghy
jhio G+f;fis nrhupa thio FUj;jpid tpupj;J mtw;iw Ve;Jk;
ctkhdk; - thio ,iyapy; NrhW ,l;L cgrupj;jy;
ctNkak; - jhio kuk; thio ,iyapy; G+f;fis nrhupjy;
nghJj;jd;ik - cgrupg;G

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 61 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ehl;lhh; ghly;fs;
. myF - 07
 fpuhkg;Gw kf;fspd; tho;tpay; mk;rq;fis vLj;jpak;Gk; ghly;fs; ehl;lhh;
ghly;fs; vdg;gLk;.
 ,g;ghly;fs; fpuhkpag; ghly;fs;> ehl;Lg;Gw ghly;fs;> ghkug; ghly;fs;> tha;nkhopg;
ghly;fs;> ehNlhbg; ghly;fs; vdg; gy ngah;fshy; miof;fg;gLfpd;wd.
 fpuhkg; Gw kf;fspd; gpwg;G Kjy; ,wg;G tiuahd jd;ikfis ,g;ghly;fs;
ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wd.
 ehl;lhh; ghly;fs; czh;rr; p epiwe;jit> ,irAld; ghLtjw;F Vw;wit.
 jhyhl;Lg; ghly;> kPdth; ghly;> mhpT ntl;Lg; ghly;> fhjy; ghl;L> Vh;g;ghl;L> coTg;
ghl;L> tpisahl;Lg; ghl;L> eYq;Fg; ghly;> kUj;Jtpr;rp tho;j;J> xg;ghhpg; ghly; vdg;
gy tifahd gphpTfis ehl;lhh; ghly;fspy; fhzyhk;.
01. Vh;g;ghly;
 taypy; Vh; G+l;b cOk; NghJ ghlg;gLk; ghly; ,JthFk;.
gl;b nghUf NtZk; jk;gpuhNd.. vdj; njhlq;Fk; ,e; ehl;lhh; ghlypy;> khLfspd;
ngUf;fk;> kio nga;J ehL nropf;f Ntz;Lk;> coTj; njhopy; Nkd;ikaila
Ntz;Lk;> cyfj;jpy; kf;fs; ,dpJ tho Ntz;Lk; vDk; gue;j kdg;ghq;F
vLj;Jiuf;fgl;Ls;sij fhzKbfpd;wJ.
gl;b ngUfNtZk; jk;gpuhNd
ghw;ghid nghq;fNtZk; jk;gpuhNd
Nkop ngUfNtZk; jk;gpuhNd
NkjpdpNahu; thoNtZk; jk;gpuhNd
ehL jiof;fNtZk; jk;gpuhNd
ey;y kio nga;aNtZk; jk;gpuhNd
Vu; jiof;fNtZk; jk;gpuhNd
vy;NyhUk; thoNtz;Lk; jk;gpuhNd
mUk;gjtpsf;fk;
gl;b - khLfs; fl;lg;gl;bUf;Fk; ,lk;
Nkop - fyg;ig> nry;tk;
Nkjpdp - G+kp
jk;gpuhd; - rptngUkhd;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 62 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 FW tpdhf;fs;
1. “ gl;b ngUf NtZk; jk;gpuhNd
ghw;ghid nghq;fNtz;Lk;...
m. ,q;F jk;gpuhd; vdg;gLk; flTs; ahh;?
 rptngUkhd;
M. ,g; ghly; vj; jiyg;gpy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ?
 Vh;g;ghl;L
2. “ Nkop ngUf NtZk; jk;gpuhNd
NkjpdpNahh; tho Ntz;Lk;...
m. Nkop vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; nghUs; ahJ?
 fyg;ig> nry;tk;
M. Nkjpdp vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 cyfk;
3. m. gl;b ngUjy; vDk; njhlhpd; tpsf;fk; ahJ?
 gl;bapy; khLfspd; vz;zpf;if ngUFjy;
M. Nkop ngUFjy; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 nry;yk; ngUFjy;

 fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
1. ,g;ghlypy;> fpuhkj;jth; kPjhd gue;j kdg;ghq;F vt;thW
ntspg;gLfpd;wJ? rptngUkhdplk; Ntz;lg;gLgit ahit?
,e; ehl;lhh; ghlypy; Clhf> Fwpj;j xU fpuhkk; kPJk; mf;
fpuhkj;jpy; tho;fpd;wth; eydpy; nfhz;Ls;s mf;fiwAk; moFw
vLj;Jiuf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. mt;tifapy; rptngUkhdplk; Ntz;bf;
nfhs;tjd; Clhf cotdpd; gue;j kdepiy Gyg;gLfpd;wJ. mtw;iw
Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
 gl;bapy; khLfspd; vz;zpf;if ngUf Ntz;Lk; vd Ntz;Ljy;
 ghw;ghid mjpfstpy; nghq;Ftjw;Fk; ney;Yk;> ghYk;
epiwe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk; vd Ntz;Ljy;
 nry;tk; vq;Fk; ngUf Ntz;Lk; vd Ntz;Ljy;
 cyfpy; cs;sth;fs; ed;whf tho Ntz;Lk; vd Ntz;Ljy;
 ehL ed;whf nropj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;
 kio ehl;by; ed;whf nga;a Ntz;Lk;
 coTj; njhopy; rpwg;Gw Ntz;Lk;

vd;gtw;wpd; Clhf cotdpd; gue;Jgl;l kdg;ghq;F ntspg;gl;L


epw;gijf; fz;Zwyhk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 63 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


02. ghw;ghid nghq;f Ntz;Lk;.. kw;Wk; Nkop ngUf Ntz;Lk;
vDk; njhlh;fspy; ntspg;gLk; rpwg;G ahJ?
,e;ehl;lhh; ghlypy; ghw;ghid nghq;f Ntz;Lk; kw;Wk; Nkop
ngUf Ntz;Lk; vDk; njhlh;fis fUj;J}d;wp nghUs; fhZk; NghJ>
khLfsplk; ,Ue;J epiwthd ghy; fpilf;fg;ngw;W> taypy; tpisAk;
new;fjph;fis mhprpahf;fp mtw;iwf; nfhz;L epiwthf ghy; tpl;L
nghq;fy; nghq;f Ntz;Lk; vd ,q;F Ntz;lg;gLfpd;wJ. NkYk; Nkop
vd;gJ fyg;ig vdTk; nry;tk; vdTk; ,U nghUisf; Fwpj;J
epw;fpd;wJ. Mf fyg;igapd; thapyhf taypy; ey;y tpisr;ry; fpilj;J
mjd; %yk; nry;tk; ngUfpl Ntz;Lk; vd ,jid ehk; fz;L
nfhs;syhk;.
03. ,g;ghlypy; ntspg;gLj;jg;gLk; kf;fsppd; tho;tpay; mk;rq;fs; vit?
,e;ehl;lhh; ghlypy; Clhf gy;NtW tho;tpay; mk;rq;fs;
Gyg;gLfpd;wd.
 coTj; njhopiy Mjhukhf nfhz;l tho;tpay; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ
 khLfs; tsh;j;J mjd; %yk; gad; ngWjy;> njhopiy
Nkw;nfhs;Sjy;
 nghq;fy; nghq;Fjy; vDk; gz;ghl;L mk;rk; Gyg;gLfpd;wJ
 vy;NyhUk; tho Ntz;Lk; vDk; nghJeyg; gz;G
fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
 ,iwtid mjhtJ rptngUkhis topghbaw;Wk; kuG
fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ.
,itaidj;Jk; ,g;ghlypy; Gyg;gLk; tho;tpay; mk;rq;fshFk;.

02. mhptp ntl;Lk; ghly;


 taypy; ney;ypid ntl;bnaLf;Fk; NghJ ghlg;gLk; ghly; ,JthFk;
 Mw;NwhL Mw;W ePh; miye;J tUkhg;Nghy;.. vdj; njhlq;Fk; ghly;
vkf;FhppajhFk;
 Mz;fSk;> ngz;fSk; Nrhh;tpd;wp RWRWg;gghf mhptp ntl;Ltjw;fhf
,g;ghliyg; ghLthh;fs;
 fhty; nja;tk; Iadhiuf; Fwpj;J ,g;ghly; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ.
 mhpT ntal;Lk; thypgh;fSf;F vt;tpj Fw;wKk; tuf;$lhJ vd [adhhplk;
Ntz;l; g;gLfpd;wJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 64 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


Ghly;
Mw;NwhL Mw;WePu; miye;J tUkhg; Nghy;
mjd; gpwF Gs;Sj; njhlu;e;J tUkhg; Nghy;
Nrw;NwhL nts;sk; njspeJ ; tUkhg;Nghy;
nrq;fhy; ehiuapdk; Nka;e;J tUkhg;Nghy;
rpde;juptp ntl;Lk; ,se;jhupkhiu
fz;Z}W glhky; fhUk; IadhNu
kl;LUf;fhiy mUthS kbj;J
khtpyq;fd; gpb rPtp ,Wf;fp
ntl;Lk; gpbiar; rpwf;fNt Nghl;L
nts;spjj ; fl;bdhy; tpuy; fl;lkpl;L
tsu;ej; Utp ntl;Lk; ,se;jhupkhiu
ehT+W tuhky; fhUk; IadhNu

 tpdhf;fs;
01. ,g;ghlypy; Fwpg;gplg;gLk; fhty; nja;tk; ahu;?
 Iadhu;

02. ,q;F mupths; nra;tjw;F gad;gLj;jg;gLk; kuk; vJ?


 khtpyq;fd; kuk;

02. ,g;ghlypy;> mhpT ntl;Lk; ,isQu;fis Fwpj;J tUk; ctikfis


vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf?
- Mw;NwhL Mw;W ePh; mire;J tUjy;
- Mw;W ePNuhL gwitapdk; njhlh;e;J tUjy;
- nNrw;nwhL nts;sk; njspe;J tUjy;
- nrq;fhy; ehiuapdk; Nka;e;J tUjy;
03. fz;Z}W> ehT+W vd;gtw;wpd; nghUspid njspTWj;Jf?
 fz;Z}W - xUthpd; kPJ gyuJ fz;ghh;it gLtjhy; fz;fshy;
Vw;gLk; Fw;wk;
 ehT+W - xUtiug; gw;wp gyh; fijg;gjhy; mjd; %yk; Vw;gLk;
Fw;wk;
04. ,g;ghlypy; mupths; nra;ag;gLk; Kiw vt;thW fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ?
kl;LUf;fhiy mupthis mbj;J mjw;F khtpyq;fd;
vdg;gLk; xUtif kuj;jpfhy; gpbiar; rPtp ,Wf;fp nts;spj;jfl;bdhy;
mjw;F tpuy; fl;lkpl;L mupths; nra;ag;gLfpd;wJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 65 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


03. kPdth; ghly;
 flypy; kPd; gpbf;Fk; NghJ mYg;G ePq;fp cw;rhfj;ij ngWk; nghUl;L ,g; ghly;
ghlg;gLfpd;wJ.
 thdKl;l VNyNyh epw;fpwhNd [yrh.. vdj; njhlq;Fk; ghly; vkf;Fhpa
ghlyhFk;
 flw;fiuapy; thOk; kf;fs; ,ay;ghfNt fliy ek;gp tho;f;if elhj;Jgth;fs;.
 ,g; ghlypy; VNyNyh>[yrh vDk; xypf; Fwpg;Gr; nrhw;fis mjpfstpy; kPdth;
ghlypy; gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdh;.
thdKl;l VNyNyh> epw;fpwhNd Iyrh
Xb Xb VNyNyh ,Of;fNtZk; Iyrh
kz;z ek;gp VNyNyh> kukpUf;f Iyrh
kuj;j ek;gp VNyNyh> fpisapf;f Iyrh
fpisa ek;gp VNyNyh> ,iyapUf;f Iyrh
,iya ek;gp VNyNyh> G+tpUf;f Iyrh
G+t ek;gp VNyNyh> gpQ;rpUf;f Iyrh
gpQ;r ek;gp VNyNyh> fhapUf;f Iyrh
fha ek;gp VNyNyh> gokpUf;f Iyrh
goj;j ek;gp VNyNyh> ehdpUf;Nfd; Iyrh
cd;d ek;gp VNyNyh> ehdpUf;Nfd; Iyrh
cr;rp nta;apypy; VNyNyh cUfpNwNd Iyrh
cs;sk; kl;Lk; VNyNyh cd;dplNk Iyrh

 tpdhf;fs;
01. ,g;ghlypy; kPdth; gLk; Jd;gk; gw;wp ahJ $wg;gLfpd;wJ?
- cr;rp nta;apypy; cly; cUf flypy; kPd; gpbj;jy;
- fliy ek;gp mth;fs; tho;f;if tpsq;Fjy;
02. gy f\;uj;jpd; kj;jpapYk; ehd; cd; epidTlNd ,Uf;fpd;Nwd; vDk;
jd;ik vt;thW Gyg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.?
kz;id ek;gp kuk; ,Uf;fpwJ
kuj;ij ek;gp fpisapUf;fpwJ
fpisia ek;gp g+tpUf;fpwJ
G+it ek;gp gpQ;R ,Uf;fpwJ
gpQ;ir ek;gpg; gok; ,Uf;fpwJ
vdf; $wp ,ijg; NghyNt ehDk; cd;id ek;gp ,Uf;fpNwd;. ,it
xd;Wld; xd;W jq;fpapUg;gijg; Nghy ehDk; cd;id ek;gp
ehdpUf;fpNwd; vd; $wpfpd;whd;. NkYk; cr;rp nta;apypy; epd;W
cUFfpd;Nwd;> vd; cs;sk; cd;dplNk cs;sJ ,e;jf; f\;uj;jpd;
kj;jpapYk; ehd; cd; epidTlNd ,Uf;fpd;Nwd;. ,f; fUj;J Xh;
jiytd; jd; fhjypiaf; Fwpj;J ghLtjhfTk;> Xh; kPdtd; fliy
Nehf;fp ghLtjhfTk; ,U mh;j;jq;fspy; fhzKbAk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 66 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


04. fhjy; ghly;
 ehl;lhh; ghlypy; fhjy; ghlYk; xd;whFk;
 fhjy; tag;gLk; fhjyd;> fhjyp gw;wpa ntspg;ghL fpuhkpa
kz;thrizAld; Gyg;gLfpd;w jd;ikia fhjy; ghl;by; fhzyhk;.
Mirf; fpspNa vd;u Mrpaj;J ck;khNt.. vdj; njhlq;Fk; ghly; vkJ
ghlg;gFjpapy; fhzg;gLk; ghlyhFk;.
 ,q;F K];ypk; fyhr;rhuj;ij mbg;gilahf nfhz;l Xh; fhjw; ghl;bid
fhzyhk;.
 Xh; fhjyd; jd; fhjypia gy ngah;fs; $wp mtis th;zpg;gjhf ,g;ghly;
tpsq;Ffpd;wJ.
Mirf;fpspNa vd;u Mrpaj;J ck;khNt
Xirf;Fuy;Ny - cq;f ck;khitf; $g;gpLq;f
flNy eP ,iuahNj> fhw;Nw eP tprhNj
epyNt vwpahNj - vd;u ePy tz;L Ngha; NrUkl;Lk;
khkp kfNs vd;u kUjf;fpsp tq;fprNk
Vyq;fpuhk;Ng cd;id vd;d nrhy;ypf; $g;gpll;Lk;
iftpLNtd; vd;W vz;zpf; ftiyg;glhNj fd;dp
my;yh Nky; Miz - cid milahl;b fhl;Lg;gs;sp
rPdj;J nrg;Ng - vd;u rpUq;fhug; G+epyNt
thdj;jg; ghu;j;J kr;rp thLtJ vd;dj;jpw;Nfh?
Xjpg; gbr;R Cu; Gfo tho;e;jhYk;
Viof;F nra; jPq;if - my;yh vs;ssTk; Vw;f khl;lhd;
fhtw;guzpy; fz;Zwq;Fk; NtisapNy
fz;zhd kr;rp te;J vd; fhY}d;wf; fz;NlNd
fhrp jul;Nlh kr;rp - fijj;jpUf;f ehd; tul;Nlh
J}J tuf;fhl;bll;Nlh - ,g;Ngh nrhy; fpspNa cd; rk;kjj;ij

 tpdhf;fs;
01.  Mirf; fpspNa vd;u Mrpaj;J ck;khNt
Xirf; Fuy;Ny..
m. ,q;F Mrpaj;J ck;kh vdf; Fwpf;fg;gLtJ?
 fhjypapd; ngah;
M. ,f;$w;W ahuhy; ciuf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ?
 fhjydhy;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 67 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


02.  khkp kfNs vd;u kUjf;fpsp tq;fprNk Vyq;fpuhk;Ng...
m. tq;fprk; vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; fUj;J ahJ?
 tk;rk;> FLk;gk;
M. khkp kfNs vd;gjpy; ntspg;gLj;jg;gLk; cwT Kiw ahJ?
 khr;rhs;> ikj;Jdp
03.  my;yh Nky; Mid cd;id milahl;b fhl;Lg;gs;sp...
m. fhl;Lg;gs;sp vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 kahdk;
M. my;yh vdf; Fwpg;gJ ahiu?
 ,];yhkpauJ flTis
04.  rPdj;J nrg;Ng vd;u rpq;fhug; G+epyNt...
m. ,q;F fhjyd; jd; fhjypia vt;thW th;zpf;fpd;whd;?
 rPdj;J nrg;G> rpq;fhu G+epyh
M. ,t;tbfspy; ntspg;gLk; mzp ahJ?
 cUtfk;
05. flNy eP ,iuahNj fhw;Nw eP tPrhNj epyNt
eP vwpahNj vd;u ePy tz;L Ngha;r; NrUkl;Lk;..
m. ,t;tbfspd; thapyhf fhjydpd; vj;jF czh;T
ntspg;gLfpd;wJ?
 fhjyp kPJ nfhz;l md;G> mf;fiw
M. epyNt eP vwpahNj.. vd fhjyd; ciuf;ff; fhuzk; ahJ?
 epyT thdpNy Njhd;wpdhy; ,uT te;JtpLk; mjdhy;
jd; fhjyp mr;rkilths; vdTk;> jd;id gphpe;J nry;tjhy; epytpd;
xsp mtSf;F Jd;gj;ij nfhLf;Fk; vd;gjhYk;.
06. ,g; ghlypy; fhjyd; jd; fhjypia vt;thwhd ngah;fisf; $wp
miof;fpd;whd;?
,g; ghlypy;fhjyd; jd; fhjypia gythW ngah;
$wp miof;fpd;whd;.
 Mirf;fpsp  rPdj;J nrg;G
 Vyhq;fpuhk;Ng  kUjf;fpsp tq;fprk;
 ePytz;L  rpq;fhu G+epyh
 khkp kfs;
vd mtw;iwf; fz;Zwyhk;.
jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 68 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil
07. fhjyd; jd; fhjyp kPJ nfhz;l mjPj md;G vt;thW Gyg;gLfpd;wJ?
Nkw; Fwpj;j ehl;lhh; ghly; thapyhf fhjyd; jd; fhjyp kPJ
nfhz;l md;G moFw Gyg;gl;L epw;fpd;wJ. mj;jF jd;ikfis ,q;F
Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
 jd; fhjypiag; gy ngah; $wp MirNahL mioj;jy;
 c- k; - ePytz;L> Mirf;fpsp
 jhd; cd;id milahtpby; jhd; ,we;J tpLNtd; vdf; $Wjy;
mjhtJ jd; fhjyp fpilf;fhJ Nghdhy; jhd; ,we;J khadj;jpil
nrd;W tpLNtd; vdf; $Wtjd; Clhf fhjydJ Mokhd md;G
ntspg;gLfpd;wJ.
 jd; fhjyp nry;Yk; topapy;> fhw;wpd; Ntfk;> flypd; Xir> epyhtpd;
xsp ,itaidj;Jk; jd; fhjypf;F mr;rj;ij Vw;gLj;jp tpLk; vdf; $wp
mtw;wpd; nraw;ghLfis epWj;jpf; nfhs;SkhW cj;jutpLjy;.
 cwq;Fk; NghJ jd; fhjyp fhybapy; te;jpUe;jjhf $Wjy;
 jd; kr;rp> khkp kfs;> Mrpaj;J ck;kh vd chpik nfhz;lhb
mtNshL md;G ghuhl;Ljy;.
 J}J tplth vd mts; rk;kjj;ij ehb epw;wy;.
 ,dpikahd Fuy; nfhz;lts; jd; fhjyp vdf; $wp epw;wy;.
 ,iwtd; kPJ Mizapl;Lf; $Wtjd; Clhf jd; fhjyp kPJ nfhz;l
md;gpd; Moj;ij ntspg;gLj;jp epw;fpd;whd; fhjyd;
,t;thW fhjyd; fhjyp kPJ nfhz;l md;ghdJ moFw Gyg;gl;L
epw;fpd;wJ.
04. ,g; ghlypy; ,ioNahbapUf;Fk; tho;tpay; gz;Gfis vLj;Jiuf;f?
Nkw; Fwpj;j ehl;lhh; ghly; fhjy; ghly; vDk; jiyg;gpy; xU
,];yhkpa r%fj;jpd; Ngr;R tof;fpid nfhz;L mikag; ngw;Ws;sJ. mg;
ghlypy; Gyg;gLk; tho;tpay; mk;rq;fis Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
 cwT Kiw ghuhl;Lk; jd;ik fhzg;gLfpd;wJ

c.k; - khkpkfs;> kr;rp


 my;yh kPJ Miz nra;jy;. ,jd; thapyhf ,iw ek;gpf;if
fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ.
 cz;ikf; fhjy; ,q;F fhl;lg;gLjy;

c.k;.- cd;id milahl;b fhl;Lg;gs;sp vd $Wjy;


 Xjpg; gbr;R.. vd;gjd; Clhf ,];yhkpauJ Gdpj E}iy gbj;jy;
vDk; jd;ik fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ
 fhty; nra;Ak; NghJ cwq;Ftjw;F guz; mikf;Fk; jd;ik
Gyg;gLfpd;wJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 69 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


fk;guhkhazk;
. myF - 08
 ,jpfhrq;fspy; xd;whf tpsq;Fk; ngUikAilaJ ,uhkhazkhFk;.

 tlnkhopapy; thy;kPfpahy; ,aw;wg;gl;l ,t; ,uhkhazk; Mjp fhtpak; vd


rpwg;gpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
,uhkhazj;ij jkpopy; ,aw;wpath; fk;gh;. Mifahy; ,J fk;guhkhazk; vd
miof;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
 tp\;Ztpd; mtjhukhfpa ,uhkdpd; ngUikfisAk;> rpwg;Gf;fisAk;
$wpapUg;gJ fk;guhkhazkhFk;.
 fk;guhkhazj;jpy; MW fhz;lq;fs; cs;sd. ghy fhz;lk;> mNahj;ah fhz;lk;>
Muz;a fhz;lk;> fpl;fpe;jh fhz;lk;> Re;ju fhz;lk;> Aj;j fhz;lk; vd;gd
mitahFk;.
 ,uhkhazj;jpy; ngUk; gFjp fhz;lk; vdg;gLk;. rpWgFjp glyk; vdg;gLk;.

Ffg; glyk; (fq;if fhz;glyk;)


 fk;guhkhazj;jpy; ,uz;lhtJ fhz;lkhfpa mNahj;jpah fhz;lj;jpy;
,lk;ngw;Ws;s Xu; glyk; Ffg;glykhFk;.
 gujd; fq;ifiaf; fz;L gpd; Ffidr; re;jpj;J mtd; cjtpAld; fq;ifiaf;
fle;J fhL nrd;W ,uhkidr; re;jpj;jikahy; ,J fq;iffhz;glyk;;
vdg;gLfpd;wJ.
 gujd; Ffdpd; Mizg;gb Njhzpapy; VWjy;> jd; jha;khh;fis FfDf;F gujd;
mwpKfk; nra;jy;> Ffidj; jd; jha;khUf;F mwpKfk; nra;jy;> Nfhriy jd;
Gjy;th;fis tho;j;Jjy;> ifNfapapd; nfhLj;jd;ik vd;gd gw;wp ,g;ghlg;gFjapy;
cs;s 08 ghly;fs; thapyhf Nehf;fyhk;.
 Ffg;glyj;jpy;72 ghly;fs; cs;sd;. mjpy; 63 njhlf;fk; 70 tiuahd
ghly;fis ehk; ghlg;gFjpapy; Nehf;FNthk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 70 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 01 - gujd; ehthapy; VWjy;
Ropj;J ePh; tU Jiw Mw;iw #o;gil
fopj;J ePf;fpaJ vd fs;s Miria
mopj;J NtW mtdp gz;L Mz;l Nte;jiu
,opj;J Nky; Vwpdhd; jhDk; Vwpdhd;
ghly; nfhz;L $l;ba gpd;
#o;gil ePh; Ropj;J tU Jiw Mw;iw
fopj;J ePf;fpaJ vd fs;s Miria
mopj;J NtW mtdp gz;L Mz;l Nte;jiu
,opj;J Nky; Vwpdhd; jhDk; Vwpdhd;
 mUk;gjk;
Ropj;J - RopAz;lhfp
#o;gil - Rw;wpAs;s gil
fs;s Mir - tQ;rfkhd kz;zhir
mtdp - cyfk;
gz;L - Kd;dh;> Kd;G
,opj;J - fPo;g;gLj;jp
Nky; Vwpdhd; - Nkk;gl;L epd;whd;> cah;e;J epd;whd;
 nghUs;
gujd;> jd;idr; Rw;wpAs;s NridahdJ ePh;r; RopAz;lhf;fp
ngUfptUk; fiuaike;j fq;ifahw;wpid fle;J tpl> tQ;rfkhd
kz;zhiria ePf;fpa ey; Fzj;jpdhy;> ,g; G+kpia Kd;dh; Ml;rp nra;j
kd;dh;fs; midtiuAk; fPo;gg ; Lj;jp cah;e;J epd;wtdhfpa gujd;
Njhzpapy ehthapy; Vwpdhd;.
 ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;

 fq;iff;fiu te;jile;j gujd; jdJ Nrid KOtJk;


fq;ifahw;iwf; fle;J kWfiu nrd;wile;jJk;> jdJ jha;khUld;
Njhzpapy; VWk; fhl;rpia ntspg;gLj;Jk; ghlyhFk;.
 jd; ew;Fzj;jpdhy; cah;e;J epd;w gujdJ rpwg;G ,g;ghlypy;
ntspg;gLfpd;wJ.
 Vwpdhd; vDk; nrhy; ,U nghUs;gl tpsq;Fk; jd;ikapidAk;
,g;ghlypy; fhzyhk;.
- cau;tile;J epd;whd;
- Njhzpapy; Vwpdhd;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 71 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; - 02 (Nfhriyia gujd; FfDf;F mwpKfk; nra;jy;)
Rw;wj;jhh; NjtnuhLk; njho epd;w
Nfhriyiaj; njhOJ Nehf;fp>
nfhw;wj;jhh; Furpy; ,th; Mh; vd;W
Ffd; tpdt> Nfhf;fs; itFk;
Kw;wj;jhd; Kjy; Njtp %d;W
cyFk; <d;whid Kd; <d;whidg;
ngw;wj;jhy; ngWk; nry;tk;> ahd;
gpwe;jyhy;> Jwe;j nghpahs;> vd;whd;
 mUk;gjk;
Rw;wk; - cwtpdh;
nfhw;wk; - ntw;wp
jhh; - khiy
Furpy; - jiytd;
Nfhf;fs; - murh;fs;
itFk; - jq;Fk;
Kw;wj;jhd; - Kd;wpiy cilatd;
nghpahs; - ngUikf;Fhpath;
 nghUs;
cwtpdh;fSk;> Njth;fSk; tzq;Fk; gbahf epd;w Nfhriyia
(Ffd;) tzq;fp Nehf;fp> ntw;wp nghUe;jpa khiyia mzpe;j gujdplk;>
,th; ahh; vd;W Nfl;f> murh;fs; midtUk; te;J jq;Ffpd;w Kw;wj;ij
cila jrujdpd; %j;j gl;lj;J murp> %d;W cyifAk; gilj;j
gpuk;kNjtid Kd;dh; gilj;jtdhfpa (jd; ehgpf; fkyj;jpy;
Njhw;Wtpj;jtd;) jpUkhiy kfdhf (,uhkdhf) ngw;wjhy; jhd;
ngwNtz;ba mur nry;tj;ij ehd; gpwe;jikahy; ,oe;j
ngUikf;Fhpats; vd gujd; $wpdhd;.
 ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;

 Ffd; Nfhriyiag; ghh;j;J gujdplk; ,tu; ahnud tpdt gujd;


Nfhriyia mwpKfk; nra;Ak; ghly; ,JthFk;.
 muru;fs; te;J jq;Fk; Kw;wj;ij cilatd; vdthW jrujdpd;
rpwg;Gk; ,g;ghlypy; ntspg;gLfpd;wJ.
 %d;W cyFk; gilj;j gpuk;kid jd; ehgpapy; gilj;j tp\;Zit
,uhkdhf ngw;nwLj;jts; vd Nfhriyapd; rpwg;G ,q;F
njspTWj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 72 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; - 03 (gujd; Ffid Nfhriyf;F mwpKfk; nra;jy;)
vd;wYNk mbapd; kpir nebJ tPo;e;J
mOthid> ,td; ahh;? vd;W
fd;W gphp fuhtpd; Jah; cila
nfhb tpdt> foy; fhy; ike;jd;
,d; Jiztd; ,uhftDf;Fk; ,yf;Ftw;Fk;
,isath;f;Fk; vdf;Fk;> %j;jhd;
Fd;W mida jpU neLk; Njhs; Ffd;
vd;ghd; ,e; epd;w Furpy; vd;whd;
 mUk;gjk;
mbapd; kpir - jpUtbfs; Nky;
nebJ - ePz;l
fhuh - fhuhk;gR
foy;fhy; ike;jd; - tPuf;foy; mzpe;j fhy;fis cila gujd;
Fd;W - kiy
jpU - mofpa
Furpy; - jiytd;
 nghUs;
,t;thW gujd; $wpaJk;> Nfhriyapd; ghjq;fspy; nebJ tPo;e;J ePz;l
Neuk; mOjthW cs;s Ffidg; ghu;j;J ,td; ahu; vd;W> fd;wpidg;
gpupe;j fhuhk; gRtpd; Jd;gj;ij xj;j Nfhriy tpdt> tPuf;foy;
mzpe;Js;s gujd;> “ ,q;fpUg;gtd; ,uhkDf;F ,dpa Jiztd;.
,yf;FtdDf;Fk;> rj;JUf;fDf;Fk; vdf;Fk; mz;zd;. kiyapidg;
Nghd;w mofpa cau;e;j Njhs;fis nfhz;l Ffd; vDk; ngau;
cilatd; vd;whd; gujd;.
 ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;

 Nfhriyiag; gw;wp gujd; $wpaJk; Ffd; Nfhriyapd; ghjq;fspy;


tPo;e;J mOJ njhOk; fhl;rp ghlypy; ntspg;gLfpd;wJ.
 ,uhkidg; gphpe;jikahy; Jd;gkilAk; NfhriyAk; epiyAk;
,g; ghlypy; ntspg;gLfpd;wJ.
 Nfhriy Ffidg; ahnud gujdplk; tpdt gujd; Ffid mwpKfk;
nra;fpd;whd;
 FfdJ rpwg;Gk; ngUikAk; ,g;ghlypy; Gyg;gLfpd;wJ.

 mofpa ,U ctikfs; ,g;ghlypy; moF Nrh;f;fpd;wd.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 73 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; - 04 (Nfhriy jd; gps;isfis MWjy;gLj;jp
mtu;fis tho;j;Jjy;;)
ietPh; myPh; ike;jPh; ,dpj; Jauhy;
ehL ,we;J fhL Nehf;fp
nka; tPuh; ngah;e;jJTk; eyk; Mapw;W
Mk; md;Nw tpyq;fy; jpz; Njhs;
if tPuf; fspW mida fhis ,td;
jd;NdhLk; fye;J ePtph;
[tPUk; xUtPuha; mfy; ,lj;ij neLk;
fhyk; mspj;jph; vd;whs;
 mUk;gjk;
ietPh; - tUe;jhky;
myPh; - ,Ug;gPh;fs;
nka;tPuh; - cz;ikahd tPuh;fs;
ehL ,we;J - ehl;il Jwe;J
ngah;e;jJ - nrd;wJ
tpyq;fy; - kiy
jpz;Njhs; - typikahd Njhs;
iftPuf; fspW - Jjpf;ifahy; tPur; nray; GupAk; ahid
fspW - Mz; ahid
xUtPuha; - xd;W gl;ltuha;
mfy; ,lk; - mfd;w cyfk;
 nghUs;
mg;NghJ Nfhriy mth;fisg; ghh;j;J> Gjy;th;fNs> ,dpAk;
Jd;gj;jhy; tUe;jhky; ,Ug;ghP ;fshf> cz;ikahd tPuh;fshfpa ,uhk>
,yf;Ftdh;fs; ehl;bid Jwe;J fhl;bid Nehf;fpr; nrd;wJk;
ed;ikf;Nf my;yth? Mk;> ed;ikf;NfahFk;. (Ffid rNfhjudhf
ngw;wikahy;) vdNt kiy Nghd;w typikahd Njhs;fisAk;> jd;
Jjpf;ifahy; tPur; nray;fis Ghpfpd;w Mz; ahidia xj;j Mz;
kfdhfpa ,e;jf; FfNdhL xd;W gl;L ePq;fs; ItUk; mfd;w ,e;j
epyTyif ePz;l fhyk; Ml;rp nra;tPh;fshf vd;whs;.
 ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;

 Nfhriy jd; Gjy;th;fis Njw;wp mth;fis tho;j;Jk; ghly;


,JthFk;
 rhjhuz Fyj;jpy; gpwe;j FfidAk; jd; gps;isfSld; ,izj;J
ehl;il MSkhW $wpa Nfhriyapd; cahpa kdepiy ,q;F
ntspg;gLfpd;wJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 74 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; - 05 (gujd; FfDf;F Rkpj;jpiuia mwpKfk; nra;jy;;)
mwk; jhNd vd;fpd;w may; epd;whs; jid
Nehf;fp> [a. md;gpd;
epiwe;jhis ciu vd;d newp jpwk;gh
jd; nka;ia epw;gJ Mf;fp
,we;jhd; jd; ,se;Njtp ahth;f;Fk;
njhO Fykhk; ,uhkd; gpd;G
gpwe;jhDk; csd; vd;d gphpahjhd; jidg;
gae;j nghpahs; vd;whd;.
 mUk;gjk;
mwk; - jUkk;> mwf;flTs;
newp jpwk;gh - rj;jpatop jtwhJ
nka; - tha;ik
njhOFyk; - tzq;Ffpd;w Fy nja;tk;
gphpahjhd; - gphpahjtd;
gae;j - ngw;nwLj;j
 nghUs;
mwf;flTNsh vd;W nrhy;Yk; gbahf mUfpy; epd;w
Rkpj;jpiuia Ffd; ghh;j;J> md;gpd; tbtkhd ,tiu ahnuhd;W $Wk;
gb tpdt> gujd; ,th; rj;jpa topapy; epd;W rpwpJk; jtwhJ
jd; tha;ikia epiyehl;b jd; capiuj; jpahfk; nra;j jrujdpd;
,isa gl;lj;J murpahthu;. NkYk;> midtUf;Fk; Fy nja;tkhf
tpsq;Ffpd;w ,uhkDf;Fg; gpd; gpwe;;jtd; vd;W vy;NyhUk; nrhy;Yk;
gbahf me;j ,uhkid tpl;Lg; gphpahjtdhfpa ,yf;Ftdidg;
ngw;nwLj;j ngUikf;Fhpats; vd;whd;.
 ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;

 Rkpj;jpiuia ahnud Ffd; tpdTjYk; mjw;F gujd; tpil


$WtJkhd ghly; ,JthFk;.
 Rkpj;jpiuapd; rpwg;G ,g;ghlypy; ntspg;gLfpd;wJ.

 jdJ tha;ikia epiyehl;b rj;jpatopapy; epd;W jtwhjtd; vdthW


jrujdpd; rpwg;Gk; ,q;F Gyg;gLfpd;wJ.
 ,uhkid tpl;Lg; gphpahj ,yf;Ftdidg; ngw;nwLj;j rpwg;gpid
ngWgts; Rkpj;jpiu vDk; fUj;Jk; ,q;F njspthfpwJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 75 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; - 06 (Ffd; gujdplk; ifNfapia ahnud tpdTjy;
(fk;gu; ifNfap gw;wp ftpf;$w;whf $Wk; ghly;; )
RL kahdj;jpil jd; Jiz Vf
Njhd;wy; Jah;f; flypy; Vf
fLik Mh; fhdfj;J fUiz Mh;fyp
Vf foy;fhy; ike;jd;
neLikahy; md;W mse;j cyF vy;yhk;
jd; kdj;Nj epide;J nra;Ak;
nfhLikahy; mse;jhis Mh; ,th;
vd;W ciu vd;d Furpy; $Wk;
 mUk;gjk;
kahdk; - RLfhL
jd; Jiz - jd; fztd;
Njhd;wy; - kfd; (gujd; )
fhdfk; - fhL
Mh;fyp - fly;
neLik - ePz;l
Furpy; - jiytd; (gujd;)
 nghUs;
jd; fztdhfpa jrujd; RLfhl;bw;F nry;yTk;> jd; kfdhfpa
gujd; Jd;gf; flypy; nry;yTk;> fUiz tbthd ,uhkd; nfhba
fhl;bw;F nry;yTk;> tPuf;foy; mzpe;j jpUkhy; Kw;fhyj;jpy; jd; ePz;l
cUtk; nfhz;L %tbahy; (thkd mtjhuk;) mse;j cyfidj;ijAk;>
(mt;thW jpUkhiyg; Nghy rpukg;glhJ) jd; kdj;jpdhy; vz;zpr;
nra;fpd;w nfhLikfshy; ,yFthf mse;jtshfpa ifNfapiag; ghh;j;J
,th; ahh;? vd;W Nfl;f> gujd; $wj; njhlq;fpdhd;.
 ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;

 ifNfapiag; ghh;j;J Ffd; ahh; vd gujdplk; tpdTtjhf mikAk;


ghlyhFk;.
 ifNfap Ghpe;j nfhLikfs; gw;wp fk;gNu jdJ ftpf;$w;whf $Wtjhf
,g;ghly; mikfpd;wJ.
 mofpa Guhzr; nra;jp xd;W ,g;ghlypy; Gyg;gLfpd;wJ.
jpUkhy; thkd tbtk; nfhz;L kfhgypaplk; %d;wb epyk; jhdkhfg;
ngw;W mjd; %yk; jd; ePz;l cUtj;jpdhy; %d;W cyifAk; Kd;dh;
mse;jhu; vd;gNj mr;nra;jpahFk;.
 Jau;f;fly;> fUiz Mu;fyp Nghd;w cUt mzpfs; ghlypy;
,lk; ngw;Ws;sd.
jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 76 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil
ghly; - 07 (gujd; FfDf;F ifNfapia mwpKfk; nra;jy;;)
glh; vyhk; gilj;jhis gop tsh;f;Fk;
nrtpypia jd; gho;j;j ghtpf;
FlhpNy neLk; fhyk; fple;J Vw;Fk;
caph;g; ghuk; Fiwe;J Nja
clh; vyhk; caph; ,yh vdj; Njhd;Wk;
cyfj;Nj xUj;jp md;Nw
,lh; ,yh Kfj;jhis mwpe;jpiyNay;
,e; epd;whs; vd;id <d;whs;
 mUk;gjk;
glh; - Jd;gk;
nrtpyp - tsh;gG; j; jha;
gho;j;j - gho;gl;l
Flh; - tapW
clh; - cly;
,lh; - Jd;gk;

 nghUs;
,ts;> Jd;gq;fs; midj;ijAk; cz;lhf;fpatSk;> gopahfpa
Foe;ijia tsh;f;Fk; jhahdtSk; Mths;. ,tsJ jPtpidahd
tapw;wpNy> ePz;l fhyk; fple;j vdf;F capuhfpa ghuk; Fiwe;J NjAk;
gbahf> cly;fs; vy;yhk; caphpy;yhjd vdj; Njhd;Wk; ,t; cyfpy;>
,ts; xUj;jp kl;LNk Jd;gkpy;yhj Kfj;ij cilats;. ,t;tsT
NeuKk; ,ts; Kfj;ijf; nfhz;Nl ,tis mwpe;jpUf;fhJ tpbd; ,Njh
,q;fpUg;gts; vd;idg; ngw;w ifNfap vd;whd; gujd;.
 ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;

 gujd; ifNfapia FfDf;F mwpKfk; nra;tjhf ,g;ghly;


mikfpd;wJ.
 gujd; jd; jhahfpa ifNfap kPJ nfhz;l ntWg;G ,g;ghlypy;
fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ.
 jd; jhapd; tapw;iw gho;gl;l tapW vdf;$wpajd; thapyhf gujd;
ifNfap kPJ nfhz;l ntWg;Gzh;r;rp fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ.
; ,uhkd; fhl;bw;F nrd;wikahy; cyfnky;yhk; Jd;gj;jpy;
%o;fpapUf;Fk; NghJ ,ts; kl;Lk; Jd;gf;Fwpg;G ,y;yhj
Kfk; nfhz;lts; vd;W ciuf;fpd;whd; gujd;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 77 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; - 08 (Ffd; ifNfapia tzq;FjYk;
Njhzp fiuailjYk;; )
vd;df; Nfl;L mt; ,uf;fk; ,yhisAk;
jd; ey; ifapd; tzq;fpdd; jha; vd
md;dg; Ngil rpiw ,yhJ Ma;f;fiu
Jd;dpw;W vd;dTk; te;jJ NjhzpNa
 mUk;gjk;
vd;d Nfl;L - ,t;thW nrhy;yf; Nfl;L
,uf;fk; ,yhs; - ,uf;fk; ,y;yhj ifNfap
ey;if - ey;y if
md;dg; Ngil - ngz; md;dk;
Jd;dpw;W - mile;jJ
 nghUs;
gujd; ,t;thW nrhy;yf; Nfl;l Ffd; me;j ,uf;fk; ,y;yhj
ifNfapiaAk; jd; ey;y iffshy;> jdJ jha; vdf; fUjp
tzq;fpdhd;. mg;NghJ NjhzpahdJ> ngz; md;dk; rpwF ,y;yhJ fiu
Nrh;tijg; Nghd;W fq;ifapd; kWfiuapid te;jile;jJ.
 ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;

 gujd; nfhLik nra;j ifNfapiaAk; jd; jha; vdf; fUjp


tzq;Ftij ntspg;gLj;Jk; ghlyhFk;.
 NjhzpahdJ fiuapid milAk; fhl;rp mofpa ctikazp
thapyhf ,q;F fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ.
ctkhdk; - md;dk; rpwF ,y;yhJ fiu miljy;
ctNkak; - Njhzp fiu miljy;
nghJj;jd;ik- fiu miljy;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 78 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 nra;As; mbfis mbg;gilahf nfhz;l FWtpdhf;fs;
01. “ mtdp gz;L Mz;l Nte;jiu ,opj;J
Nky; Vwpdhd; jhDk; Vwpdhd; ... ”
.

m. ,q;F Vwpdhd; vdg;gLgtd; ahh;?


 gujd;
M. Vwpdhd; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; ,U nghUs; ahit?
 Vwpdhd; - cah;e;J epd;whd;
 Vwpdhd; - Njhzpapy; Vwpdhd;
03. “ Nfhf;fs; itFk; Kw;wj;jhd; Kjy; Njtp.. ”
.

m. ,q;F Kjy; Njtp vdg;gLgth; ahh;?


 Nfhriy
M. Nfhf;fs; itFk; Kw;wj;jhd; ahh;?
 jrujd;
04. “ %d;W cyFk; <d;whid Kd;<d;whidg;.. ”
.

m. ,q;F %d;W cyFk; <d;wtd; ahh;?


 gpuk;kd;
M. Kd; <d;whd; vDk; gjk; ahiuf; Fwpf;fpwJ?
 jpUkhy; - ,uhkd;
05. “ fd;Wgphp fhuhtpd; JaUila nfhb tpdt.. ”
m. ,q;F nfhb vdg;gLtJ ahh;?
 Nfhriy
M. ,t;tbfspy; ntspg;gLk; mzpapid Fwpg;gpLf?
 ctikazp - G+q;nfhb Nghd;w Nfhriy
06. “ ,d; Jiztd; ,uhftDf;F> ,yf;Ftw;Fk;
,isatw;Fk; vdf;Fk; %j;jhd;... ”
.

m. ,jpy; ,isatd;> %j;jhd; vdg;gLgth;fs; ahth;?


 ,isatd; - rj;Uf;fdd;
 %j;jhd; - Ffd;
M. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?
 gujdhy; Nfhriyf;F

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 79 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


07. “ Fd;W mida jpUneLe; Njhs; Ffd;
vd;ghd; ,e; epd;w Furpy.; . ” .

m. ,q;F FfdJ rpwg;G ahJ?


 kiy Nghd;w mofpa cah;e;j Njhs;fis nfhz;ltd;
M. Furpy; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 jiytdhfpa Ffd;
08. “ ietPh; myPh; ike;jPh; ,dpj; Jauhy; ehL ,we;J
fhL Nehf;fp nka; tPuh; ngah;e;jJTk;.. ”
.

m. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?


 Nfhriyahy; jdJ gps;isfSf;F
M. nka; tPuh; vd Rl;lg;gLNthu; ahth;?
 ,uhk ,yf;Ftdd;
.

09. “ tpyq;fy; jpz; Njhs; if tPuf; fspW mida fhis ,td;.. ”


.

m. tpyq;fy; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; fUj;J ahJ?


 kiy
M. ,t;tbfspy; fhis vd tpspf;fg;gl;ltd; ahh;?
 Ffd;
10. “ ePtph; ItPUk; xUtPuha; mfy; ,lj;ij neLk;
fhyk; mspj;jph; vd;whd;.. ” .

m. ,f; $w;wpid ciuj;jJ ahh;?


 Nfhriy
M. ,q;F ItPh; vdg;gLNthh; ahth;?
 ,uhkd;> gujd;> ,yf;Ftd;> rj;Uf;fdd;> Ffd;
11. “ mwk; jhNd vd;fpd;w may; epd;whs; jid
Nehf;fp>[a. md;gpd; epiwe;jhis ciu.. ”
m. ,jpy; may; epd;whs; vdf; fUJtJ ahiu?
 Rkpj;jpiu
M. ,f; $w;wpid tpdtpaJ ahh;?
 Ffd; gujdplk;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 80 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


12. “ ahth;f;Fk; njhO Fykhk; ,uhkd; gpd;G
gpwe;jhDk; csd; .. ” .

m. ahth;f;Fk; njhOFykhf tpsq;Fgtd; ahh;?


 ,uhkd;
M. ,uhkd; gpd;G gpwe;jhd; vd ,q;F Fwpg;gplg;gLgtd; ahh;?
 ,yf;Ftdd;
13. “ RL kahdj;jpil jd; Jiz Vf
Njhd;wy; Jah;f; flypy; Vf.. ” .

m. ,q;F RLkahdj;jpil Vfpatd; ahh;?


 jrujd;
M. RLkahdj;jpil jd; fztid mDg;gpats; ahh;?
 ifNfap
,. Njhd;wy; vdg;gLgtd; ,q;F ahh;?
 gujd;
14. “ fLik Mh; fhdfj;J fUiz Mh;fyp Vf.. ” .

m. ,q;F ntspg;gLk; mzpapidf; Fwpg;gpLf?


 cUtfmzp- fUizMh;fyp
M. ,q;F fUiz Mh;fyp vdg;gLgtd; ahh;?
 ,uhkd;
15. “ foy;fhy; ike;jd; neLikahy; md;W mse;j cyF vy;yhk;
.jd; kdj;Nj epide;J nra;Ak; nfhLikahy; mse;jhis.. ”
.

m. cyfidj;ijAk; neLikahy; mse;jtd; ahh;?


 jpUkhy; -thkdd;
M. cyfidj;ijAk; nfhLikahs; mse;jJ ahh;?
 ifNfap

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 81 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


16. “ glh; vyhk; gilj;jhis gop tsh;f;Fk;
nrtpypia.. ” .

m. glh; vyhk; gilj;jts; ,q;F ahh;?


 ifNfap
M. nrtpyp vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 tsh;gG; j; jha;
17. “ ,lh; ,yh Kfj;jhis mwpe;jpiyNay;
,e; epd;whs; vd;id <d;whs;.. ” .

m. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?


 gujdhy; FfDf;F
M. ,lh; ,yh Kfj;jpdhs; vdg;gLtJ ahiu?
 ifNfapia
18. “ md;dg; Ngil rpiw ,yhJ Ma;f;fiu
Jd;dpw;W vd;dTk; te;jJ NjhzpNa..” .

m. ,t;tbfspy; ntspg;gLk; mzp ahJ?


 ctikazp
M. Jd;dpw;W vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; fUj;J ahJ?
 mile;jJ> Nrh;e;jJ

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 82 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


nra;As;fis mbg;gilahf nfhz;l ; tpdh – tpil
(04 Gs;spfSf;Fhpait)
01. ‚Ropj;J ePh; tU Jiw Mw;iw #o;gil.... vDk; ghlypy;>
m. gujdpd; rpwg;gpid vLj;Jiuf;f?
jdJ ew;r; nrayhy; Kd;dh; G+kpia Ml;rp nra;j kd;dh;fis
fPo;g; gLj;jp cah;e;J epd;wtd;
M. Vwpdhd; vDk; nrhy; ,U nghUs; Fwpf;fpwJ mtw;iw
njspTWj;Jf?
1. cah;e;J epd;wtd;> Nkk;gl;L epd;wtd;
2 . Xlj;jpy; Vwpdhd;
02. ‚Rw;wj;jhh; NjtnuhLk; njho epd;w...vDk; ghlypy;>
m. Nfhriyapd; rpwg;gpid vLj;Jf; fhl;Lf? .
 cwtpdh;fSk;> Njth;fSk; tzq;Fk; rpwg;G cilats;
 jrujdpd; Kjy; gl;lj;J murp
 tp\;Ztpd; mtjhukhfpa ,uhkid ngw;nwLj;jts;

M. ,g;ghly; ,lk; ngw;w re;jh;g;gk; ahJ?


Ffd; Nfhriyia ahnud tpdTjYk;> gujd; Nfhriyia
FfDf;F mwpKfk; nra;jYk;
03. ‚vd;wYNk mbapd; kpir nebJ tPo;e;J... vDk; ghlypy>;
m. Ffid gujd; Nfhriyf;F vt;thW mwpKfk; nra;fpd;whd;?
 ,uhkDf;F ,dpa rNfhjud;.
 ,yf;Ftd;> rj;Uf;fdd;> kw;Wk; jdf;F %j;j mz;zd;
 kiy Nghd;w neba Njhs;fis cilatd;
 Ffd; vDk; ngah; nfhz;ltd;

M. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s mzpapid tpsf;Ff? .


ctikazp
- fd;wpidg; gphpe;j fhuhk;gRtpd; Jaiu xj;j Nfhriyapd; Jauk;
ctkhdk; - fd;wpid gphpe;j fhuhk;Gr
ctNkak; - ,uhkidg; gphpe;j Nfhriy
nghJj;jd;ik - Jauk;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 83 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


04. ‚ietPh; myPh; ike;jPh; ,dpj; Jauhy;... vDk; ghlypy;>
m. Nfhriy MWjy; tho;jJ
; k; jd;ikapid Fwpg;gpLf?
ePq;fs; ItUk; xd;Wgl;lth;fshf ,e;j mfd;w epyTyif
neLq;fhyk; Ml;rp GhpAq;fs; vd tho;j;jpdhs;
M. Ffdpd; rpwg;gpid vLj;Jiuf;Ff?
 kiy Nghd;w typa Njhs;fis cilatd;
 jd; Jjpf;ifahy; tPur;nray; Ghpfpd;w Mz; ahid
Nghd;wtd;
05. RL kahdj;jpil jd; Jiz Vf... vDk; ghlypy;>
m. ifNfapapd; nfhLik vt;thW fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ?
 jd; fztdhd jrujid RLfhl;bw;F mDg;gpats;
 fUizf; flyhd ,uhkid fhl;bw;F mDg;gpats;
 jd; kfdhd gujid Jah;f; flypy; mDg;gpats;

M. ghlypy; ntspg;gLk; mzpapid cjhuzk ;je;J


tpsf;Ff?
 cUtf mzpfs; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd
Jah;f;fly; - Jaukhfpa fly; .
fUizMh;fyp – fUizf;flyhfpa ,uhkd;

Ffg;glyk; rhu;e;j fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;


1. gujd; ehthapy; VWjy; - ghly; 01
2. gujd; Nfhriyia FfDf;F mwpKfk; nra;jy; - ghly; 02
3. gujd; Ffid jha;khUf;F mwpKfk; nra;jy; - ghly; 03
4. Nfhriy jdJ gps;isfis MWjy;gLj;jp> mtu;fis tho;j;Jjy;
- ghly; 04
5. gujd; Rkpj;jpiuia FfDf;F mwpKfk; nra;jy; - ghly; 05
6. ifNfap gw;wpa fk;gupd; ftpf;$w;W - ghly; 06
7. gujd; ifNfapia FfDf;F mwpKfk; nra;jy; - ghly; 07
8. ifNfapapd; Fzg;gz;Gfs; - ghly; 06>07
9. fk;gupd; ftpj;Jtr; rpwg;Gf;fs;
10. Ffg;glyg; ghly;fspy; ntspg;gLk; mzpfs;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 84 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
01. Ffg;glyj;jpy;> Nfhriyapd; Fzg;gz;Gfs; gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;Ff?
Ffg;glyj;jpy;> Nfhriyapd; rpwg;Gf;fs; moFw ghly;fspy;
ntspg;gLfpd;w jd;ikapid Nehf;FNthk;.
 cwtpdh;fSk;> Njth;fSk; tzq;fpj; njhOk; tifapy; epd;wts;.

 jrujr; rf;futh;j;jpapd; Kjy; gl;lj;J murpahf tpsq;Fgts;.


 %d;W cyifAk; gilj;j gpuk;kid Kd; gilj;j jpUkhiy kfdhf
(,uhkdhf) ngw;nwLj;j ngUikf;Fhpats;
 Ffdhy; md;GUf tzq;fg;gl;l rpwg;Gf;Fhpats;
 NtLt Fyj;jpy; gpwe;j FfidAk; jd; gps;isfNshL Nrh;eJ
;
tho;j;jpats;
 ,uhkidg; gphpe;jikahy; kpFe;j Jd;gkile;jts;

 nfhb Nghd;w nkd;ikahdts;


 jhd; gpwe;jikahy; jd; ngw Ntz;ba nry;tq;fis Jwe;jts; vd
gujdhy; $wg;gl;l rpwg;Gf;Fhpats;.
“ Rw;wj;jhh; NjtnuhLk; njho epd;w Nfhriy...
Nfhf;fs; itFk; Kw;wj;jhd; Kjy; Njtp...
%d;W cyFk; <d;whid Kd; <d;whidg; ngw;wj;jhy;...
fd;W gphp fuhtpd; Jah; cila nfhb tpdt..
ietPh; myPh; ike;jPh; ,dpj; Jauhy;…
vDk; ghlybfs; thapyhf ,tw;iw mwpe;J nfhs;syhk;.
02. Ffg;glyj;jpy; Ffdpd; Fzg;gz;Gfs; ntspg;gLk; jd;ikapid
njspTWj;Jf?
Ffg;glyj;jpy; gpujhd fjhghj;jpuq;fspy; xd;whf tpsq;FtJ
FfdJ ghj;jpukhFk;. FfdJ Fzg;gz;Gfis ,q;F Nehf;FNthk;.
 Nfhriyiag; gw;wp gujd; $wpaijf; Nfl;L mtsJ ghjq;fspy;
tPo;e;J tzq;fpatd;.
“ vd;wYNk mbapd;kpir nebJ tpOe;J mOthid..
 ,uhkDf;F ,dpa rNfhjudhfTk;> ,yf;Ftd;> gujd;> kw;Wk;
rj;Uf;fDf;F %j;j mz;zdhfTk; tpsq;fpatd;.
“ ,d; Jiztd; ,uhftDf;Fk; ,yf;Ftw;Fk;
,isath;f;Fk; vdf;Fk;> %j;jhd;..”
,it kl;Lkd;wp>
 kiy Nghd;w jpuz;l neba Njhs;fis cilatdhfTk; Ffd;
tpsq;fpdhd;.
“Fd;W mida jpU neLk; Njhs; Ffd; vd;ghd; ”

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 85 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 ,uhkd; Kjypa jd; gps;isfSld; rNfhjudhf ,izj;J
Nfhriyahy; tho;j;jg;gl;ltd;
 jd; Jjpf;ifahy; tPur; nray;fis nra;fpd;w Mz; ahid Nghd;wtd;

 fhis Nghd;wtd;> Mz;kfdhf tpsq;Fgtd;.

 nfhLikfs; nra;j ifNfapiaAk; jd; ey;y iffshy; tzq;fpatd;

,t;thW Ffdpd; rpwg;Gk;> ngUikAk; moFw ntspg;gLtjidf;


,q;F fz;Lnfhs;syhk;.
03. Ffg;glyj;jpy;> gujdpd; rpwg;G> Fzg;gz;Gfis njspTWj;Jf?
Ffg;glyj;jpy; gujdpd; Fzg;gz;Gk;> rpwg;GfSk; ntspg;gLk;
jd;ikapid ,q;F Nehf;FNthk;.
 jdf;F fpilj;j mur gjtpia tQ;ridahdJ vd;W Jwe;j
ey;y nrayhy; Kd;dh; cyfpy; Ml;rp nra;j kd;dh;fis fPo;gg
; Lj;jp
cah;e;J epd;wtd;.
 tPuf;foy; mzpe;j typikahd fhy;fisf; nfhz;ltd;.
 ntw;wp nghUe;jpa khiyia mzpe;jtd;.
 jhd; gpwe;jikahy; Nfhriy ngw Ntz;ba mur nry;tq;fis
Jwe;jts; vd jd; kdjpy; Ntjid nfhz;ltd;
 Ffid jd; mz;zd; vdTk;> ,uhkDf;F ,dpikahd rNfhjud;
vdTk; ciuj;jtd;
 jd; jha;khuhd Nfhriy kw;Wk; Rkpj;jpiu MfpNahh; kPJ kpFe;j
md;Gk; ifNfapapd; kPJ kpFe;j ntWg;Gzh;r;rpAk; nfhz;ltd;
 jhd; gpwe;j ifNfapapd; tapw;iw gho;gl;l tapW vdf; $wpatd;.

,t;thW gujdpd; Fzg;gz;Gfis ,q;F fz;Lnfhs;syhk;.


04. Ffg;glyj;jpy; Rkpj;jpiuapd; rpwg;Gf;fis vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf?
.

Ffg;glyj;jpy; Rkpj;jpiuapd; Fzg;gz;Gfis


gpd;tUkhW fhzyhk;.
 mwj;jpd; cUtk; Nghy; mjhtJ jUk Njtij vd;W nrhy;yj;jf;f
tifapy; Nfhriyapd; mUfpy; epd;wts;.
md;gpd; tbthf tpsq;Fk; ,tisf; fz;l khj;jpuj;jpy;
,th; ahh; vd Ffdhy; tpdtg;gl;lts;.
 jd; rj;jpanewpapy; epd;W rpwpJk; jtwhJ jd; capiuj; jpahfk;
nra;j jrujdpd; ,isa gl;lj;J murpahths;.
 ,uhkgpuhdpd; gpd; gpwe;jtd; vd;W nrhy;yj;jf;f tifapy; ,uhkdpd;
epoyhf gpd; njhlUk; ,yf;Ftdidg; kfdhf ngw;nwLj;j
ngUikf;Fhpats;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 86 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


05. Ffg; glyj;jpy; ifNfapapd; Fzg;gz;Gfs; vt;thW
fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sd?
,g; gFjpapy; ifNfappapd; Fzg;gz;Gfs; vDk; tifapy;
,q;F mjpfkhf mtsJ nfhLikf; Fzq;fisNa fhzKbAk;.
Fzg;gz;Gfs;
 jrujdpd; ,uz;lhtJ gl;lj;J murpahdts;
 gujid kfdhfg; ngw;nwLj;jts;
 Jd;gk; midj;ijAk; Njhw;Wtpj;jts;
 gopia Foe;ijahf tsh;f;Fk; nrtpypj; jhahdts;
 Jd;gf; Fwpg;ig rpwpJk; ntspf;fhl;lhj Kfj;ij nfhz;lts;
 gho;gl;l tapw;wpid nfhz;lts;.
nfhLikfs;
jd; fztid RLfhl;bw;F mDg;gpats;> mjhtJ jd; tuj;jpd;
fhuzkhf ,uhkd; fhL nry;y mtd; gphpitj; jhq;fhJ jrujd;
,we;jhd;. NkYk;> jd; kfdhfpa gujd; Jd;gf; flypy; nry;y
toptFj;jts;> fUizf; flyhfpa ,uhkd; fLikahd fhl;bw;F nry;y
topnra;jts; vdTk;> jd; kdj;jhy; epidj;J nra;Ak; Jd;gq;fshy;
cyfk; KOtijAk; mstpl;lts;> mjhtJ jpUkhy; md;W %tbahy;
cyif mse;jhd; Mdhy; ifNfap jd; nrayhy; %TyifAk;
Jd;gj;jpy; %o;fr;nra;jts;. ,J kl;Lkd;wp> Jd;gq;fs; midj;ijAk;
Njhw;Wtpj;jts;> Jd;gf; Fwpg;gpid rpwpJk; jd; Kfj;jpy; fhl;lhjts;
vd;gdTk; ifNfapapd; nfhLikf; Fzj;jpw;F vLj;Jf;fhl;lhFk;.
,tw;iw>
“ RL kahdj;jpil jd; Jiz Vf
Njhd;wy; Jah;f; flypy; Vf
fLik Mh; fhdfj;J fUiz Mh;fyp Vf...
vDk; ghly; thapyhf mwpaKbfpd;wJ.
06. Ffg;glyj;jpy;> Nfhriy gujd; kw;Wk; Ffid MWjy;gLj;Jk; tpjk;
kw;Wk; tho;j;Jk; jd;ik gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;Ff?
gujd; Ffid mwpKfk; nra;jJk;> Nfhriy mth;fis Nehf;fp>
“ Gj;jpuh;fNs> ePq;fs; ,dpj; Jd;gj;jhy; tUe;j Ntz;lhk;> cz;ikahd
tPu;fshd ,uhk ,yf;Ftdh;fs; ehl;il tpl;L fhL Nehf;fp nrd;wJk;
ed;ik Mfp tpl;lJ Vnddpy; mjdhy; jhd; Ffd; vDk; ey;y ez;gz;
xUtd; fpilf;fg;ngw;whd;. vd mth;fis Njw;WtJld; mth;fis
tho;j;jp gpd;tUkhW ciuj;jhs;.
kiy Nghd;w typikahd Njhs;fis nfhz;ltDk;> jd;
Jjpf;ifahy; tPur; nray; GhpAk; Mz;ahid xj;j fhisahfpa ,f;
FfNdhL Nrh;e;J ePq;fs; Ie;J NgUk; ,e;j ePz;l epyTyif neLq;fhyk;
Ml;rp nra;tPh;fshf vd tho;j;jpdhs;.
“ ietPh; myPh; ike;jPh; ,dpj; Jauhy;
ehL ,we;J fhL Nehf;fp ..”
vDk; ghly; ,jid vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfpd;wJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 87 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


07. Ffg;glyj;jpy;> gujd; Nfhriyia FfDf;F mwpKfk; nra;Ak;
jd;ikapid vLj;Jiuf;Ff? .

cwtpdh;fSk;> Njth;fSk; tzq;Fk; gb epd;w Nfhriyia fz;;L


,th; ahh;? vd Ffd; tpdt gujd; gpd;tUkhW Nfhriyia mwpKfk;
nra;fpd;whd;. .
murh;fs; jpdKk; te;J jq;Ffpd;w Kd;wpiy cila
jrujr;rf;futh;j;jpapd; Kjy; gl;lj;J ,uhzpahf tpsq;Fgts;> NkYk;
%d;W cyifAk; gilj;j gpuk;kid jd; ehgpf;fkyk; %yk; Kd;
gilj;j jpUkhypd; mtjhukhfpa ,uhkidj; jd; kfdhf ngw;nwLj;j
rpwg;Gf;Fhpats;> ,J kl;Lkd;wp jhd; gpwe;j fhuzj;jpdhy; jhd; ngw
Ntz;ba mur nry;tkidj;ijAk; Jwe;j ngUikf;Fhpats;
vd gujd; FfDf;F ciuj;jhd;. ,jid
.

“ Nfhf;fs; itFk; Kw;wj;jhd; Kjy; Njtp .


%d;W cyFk; <d;whid Kd; <d;whidg;
ngw;wj;jhy; ngWk; nry;tk;>ahd;
gpwe;jyhy;> Jwe;j nghpahs;> vd;whd;..
vDk; ghlybfs; njspTWj;Jfpd;wd.
08. Ffg;glyj;jpy;> gujd; Ffid Nfhriyf;F mwpKfk; nra;Ak;
jd;ikapid vLj;Jiuf;Ff?
.

Nfhriyapd; ghjq;fspy; tPo;e;J mOthidg; Nghy epd;w Ffid


ahh;? vd Nfhriy tpdt gujd; gpd;tUkhW Ffid mwpKfk;
nra;fpd;whd;.
. ,td; ,uhkDf;F ,dpa rNfhjudhf tpsq;Fgtd;>
mJkl;Lkd;wp ,yf;Ftd;> rj;Uf;fdd; kw;Wk; vdf;Fk; mz;zdhf
tpsq;Fgtd; NkYk; kiy Nghd;w jpuz;l neba Njhs;fisf; nfhz;l
Ffd; vDk; ngah; gilj;jtd; ,tdhthd; vdthW mwpKfk;
nra;fpd;whd;. ,jid>
,d; Jiztd; ,uhftDf;Fk; ,yf;Ftw;Fk;
,isath;f;Fk; vdf;Fk;> %j;jhd;
Fd;W mida jpU neLk; Njhs; Ffd;
vd;ghd; ,e; epd;w Furpy; vd;whd;.
vDk; ghlybfs; thapyhf fhzyhk;.
09. Ffg;glyj;jpy;> gujd; Rkpj;jpiuia FfDf;F mwpKfk; nra;Ak;
jd;ikapid vLj;Jiuf;Ff?
mwj;jpd; cUtk; Nghy; mUfpy; epd;w Rkpj;jpiuia ghh;j;J
Ffd; ahnud tpdt mjw;F gujd; gpd;tUkhW gjpyspj;jhd;.
,ts;> rj;jpa newpapy; ,Ue;J rpwpJk; jtwhjtdhfpa tha;ik
cilatdhfpa jrujr; rf;futh;j;jpapd; ,isa gl;lj;J murpahf
tpsq;Fgts;> NkYk;> midtuhYk; tzq;fj; jf;f Fy nja;tkhfpa
,uhkid tpl;Lg; gphpahjtdhfpa ,yf;Ftdidg; ngw;nwLj;j
ngUikf;Fhpats; vd FfDf;F mwpKfk; nra;fpd;whd; gujd;.
“ vd;d newp jpwk;gh jd; nka;ia epw;gJ Mf;fp
,we;jhd; jd; ,se;Njtp ahth;f;Fk; njhO Fykhk;..
vDk; ghlybfs; mj; jd;ikia ntspf;fhl;Lfpd;wd.
jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 88 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil
10. Ffg;glyj;jpy;> gujd; ifNfapia FfDf;F mwpKfk; nra;Ak;
jd;ikapid vLj;Jiuf;Ff?
,q;F epw;Fk; ,ts;> Jd;gq;fs; midj;ijAk; Njhw;Wtpj;jts;>
gopahfpa Foe;ijia tsh;f;fpd;w jhahf tpsq;Ffpd;wts;.
NkYk;> mtsJ gho;gl;l jPa tapw;wpy; jq;fpapUe;j vd; capuhfpa Rik
Fiwe;J Nja;tila> ,t; cyfj;jpy; Jd;gf; Fwpg;gpy;yhj Kfj;ijf;
nfhz;lts;. ,tNs vd;idg; ngw;nwLj;j ifNfap vd;gts; vd gujd;
FfDf;F ifNfapia mwpKfk; nra;jhd;.
. glh; vyhk; gilj;jhis gop tsh;f;Fk; nrtpypia
jd; gho;j;j ghtpf; FlhpNy neLk; fhyk; fple;J Vw;Fk;
caph;g; ghuk; Fiwe;J Nja .,lh; ,yh Kfj;jhis
mwpe;jpiyNay; ,e;epd;whs; vd;id <d;whs;.
vDk; ghly; ,jid njspTWj;Jfpd;wJ.
11. fk;ghpd; nkhop eilr; rpwg;Gf;fs;> ftpj;Jtr; rpwg;Gf;fs; gw;wp
Fwpg;gpLf?
Ffg;glyk; rhu;e;j ghly;fspy; fk;gupd; ftpj;Jtk; rpwe;j
Kiwapy; ntspg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd. mit Fwpj;J gpd;tUkhW
Nehf;fyhk;.
 kzpg;gpuths nkhop eilapid ifahz;bUj;jy;

 ,jpfhrf; fijapd; jd;ikfis ghly;fspy; ntspg;gLj;jpapUj;jy;

 Xir eak; kpf;fjhf ghly;fs; ,lk;ngw;wpUj;jy;

 ,jpfhrf; fjhghj;jpuq;fspd; ciuahly; rhh;e;jjhf ghly;fs;


,lk;ngw;wpUj;jy;
 jkpo;nkhopAld; tlnkhopr; nrhw;fisAk; ,izj;jpUj;jy;

 nfhw;wk;> Furpy;> foy;


 mzpfis nghUj;jkhd ,lq;fspy; fhl;bapUj;jy;

 ctikazp> cUtfmzp
 thrfhpd; kdjpy; fhl;rp Njhd;Wk; tifapy; ghly;fs; tpsq;Fjy;
 gf;jpr; Ritapid gbg;gth; kdjpy; Vw;gLj;Jk; tifapy; ghly;fs;
,lk;ngw;wpUj;jy;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 89 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


12. Ffg;glyj;jpy; mzpfspd; ntspg;ghL gw;wp njspTWj;Jf?
ctikazpfs;

1. ,uhkidg; gpupe;j Nfhriyapd; Jauk; fd;wpidg; gpupe;j


fhuhk;gRtpd; Jauj;jpw;F xg;gpl;L $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.
“ fd;Wgphp fuhtpd; Jah; cila nfhb tpdt..||
ctkhdk; - fd;wpidg; gphpe;j fhuhk;gR
ctNkak;; - ,uhkid gphpe;j Nfhriy
nghJj;jd;ik - Jd;gk;> Jauk;
2. FfdJ Njhs;fs; kiy Nghd;W typikahd ePz;l Njhs;fs; vd
xg;gpl;L $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.
“ Fd;W mida jpUneLe; Njhs; Ffd;..”
ctkhdk; - kiy
ctNkak; - FfdJ Njhs;
nghJj;jd;ik - typik
3. jdJ Jk;gpf;ifahy; tPur; nray; Gupfpd;w Mz;ahidiag; Nghy
FfDk; jdJ iffshy; tPur;nray; Gupfpd;wtd; vd ctkpj;jpUj;jy;
“ iftPuf; fspW mida fhis ,td;..”
ctkhdk; - Jjpf;ifahy; tPur; nray; GhpAk; Mz;ahid
ctNkak; - Ffd;> jd; iffshy; nrayhw;Wk; Ffd;
nghJj;jd;ik - tPuk;
4. ngz; md;dkhdJ rpwF ,y;yhky; fiu miltijg; Nghy
mtu;fs; te;j NjhzpahdJ fiuailjy;
“ md;dg;Ngil rpiw ,yhJ Ma;fiu Njhzp miljy;..”
ctkhdk; - md;dk; ,wF ,y;yhJ fiu miljy;
ctNkak; - Njhzp fiu miljy;
nghJj;jd;ik - fiu miljy;
5. Nfhriy G+q;nfhb Nghd;W nkd;ik nfhz;lts;
“ nfhb tpdt..||
ctkhdk; - G+q;nfhb
ctNkak; - Nfhriy
nghJj;jd;ik - nkd;ik
cUtf mzpfs;
1. mwe;jhNd vd;fpw may; epd;whs;.. - mwkhfpa Rkpj;jpiu
2. Jah;fly; - Jaukhfpa fly;
3. fUiz Mh;fyp - fUizf; flyhfpa ,uhkd;
4. goptsh;f;Fk; nrtpyp - gopahfpa Foe;ijia tsh;f;Fk; jha;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 90 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


vJ ey;; y rpdpkh
. myF 09
01. vJ ey;y rpdpkh vDk; fl;Liuapd; Mrphpah; ahh;?
 R. jpNahlh; gh];fud;
02. NgRk; glk; mwpKfk; nra;ag;gl;l Mz;L ahJ?
 1930
3. ehlfk; vd;gjd; tpsf;fk; ahJ?
 epfo;r;rp xd;iw rigNahhpd; Kd;ghf epfo;j;jpf;
fhl;LtjhFk;
04. jkpo; ehl;by; rpdpkh tsh;r;rp milahikf;fhd fhuzk; ahJ?
 ehlfj;jpw;F mbikg; gl;Lf; fple;jik
05. jkpo; rpdpkhtpd; jdpj;Jtkhd mk;rk; ahJ?
 rpdpkh nkhop
06. rpdpkh nkhopapd; mk;rq;fs; vit?
fhl;rpg;gbkk;
xyp
glj;njhFg;G
07. ey;y rpdpkh xd;wpy; cs;slq;f Ntz;bait vit?
ikaf;fUj;J
fhl;rpg; gbkq;fs;
fhl;rpg; gbkq;fSf;F Vw;w xyp
glj;njhFg;G
njhopy; EZf;fq;fs;
Kiwahd FwpaPl;Lg; gpuNahfk;
08. rpdpkh ehlfj;jpw;F mbikg;gl;Lf; fplf;fpwJ vd;gjw;F Mrphpah;
$Wk; fhuzq;fs;?
Muk;g fhyj;jpy; Guhz ehlfq;fNs glkhf;fg;gl;ld
 ehlfk; ghh;g;gthpd; Nfhzj;jpypUe;J mit glkhf;fg;gl;ld
 ehlff; fk;gdpfs; fy;fj;jhtpYk;> gk;gha;apYk; jq;fs;
ehlfq;fis glkhf;fpaik
 mz;ikf; fhyk; tiu ,af;Fdh;fs;> ebfh;fs;> trdfh;j;jhf;fs;
vd mjpfkhNdhh; ehlfj;JiwapypUe;Nj te;jik
 ehlfj;jpy; ,lk; ngWk; mjpfkhd gz;Gfis rpdpkh jd;dfj;Nj
nfhz;Ls;sik
jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 91 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil
09. jkpo; rpdpkhtpy; fhzg;gLk; FiwghLfd; vit vd fl;Liuapy;
$wg;gLfpd;wJ?
 fhl;rpg; gbkq;fshy; fij nrhy;Yk; Kiw rhpahf
tsh;r;rpailahik
 rpdpkh ehlfj;jpw;Fs; mbikg;gl;L ,Uj;jy;
 rpdpkh nkhopapid> mjd; gz;gpid Kiwahf tsh;j;Jf;
nfhs;shik
 Ngr;Rf;Fk;> ghl;Lf;Fk; mjpfstpy; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLj;jy;
 tha;g; Ngr;rpdhy; fij nrhy;y Kw;gLjy;
10. ,f;fl;Liuapy; fl;Liuahrphpauhy; cjhuzk; fhl;lg;gLk;
jpiug;glq;fs; ahit?
 fhl;rpg;gbkk; - mopahj Nfhyq;fs; ghYkNfe;jpuh
 xypapd; rpwg;G - fy;Yf;Fs; <uk; - ghujpuh[h
 kaq;fpj; njspjy; - gNjh; ghQ;rhyp - rj;aj;Nuapd;
 FwpaPl;il gad;gLj;jy; - -wild strawberries - ngh;f;kd;
11. fl;Liuahrphpahpd; nkhopeilr; rpwg;G gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;f?
 jh;f;f hPjpahd fUj;Jf;fis Kd;itj;jpUj;jy;
 fl;Liuf;Fhpa gy cjhuzq;fis Kd;itj;jpUj;jy;
 jkpo; nkhopNahL fiyr; nrhw;fisAk; Njitf;Nfw;g
gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;
 mwptpay; rhh;e;j nkhop eilapid ifahz;bUj;jy;

 ftpijfis> jpiug;glq;fis cjhuzq;fshf fhl;bapUj;jy;


 fiyQh;fNshL rpdpkhit xg;gpl;L fhl;bapUj;jy;
 rpwpa rpwpa thf;fpag; gpuNahfq;fis ,izj;jpUj;jy;

 fhuz> fhhpa njhlh;GfSld; tpsf;fkspj;jpUj;jy;


12. rpdpkh nkhopapid rpwg;ghd Kiwapy; ifahz;lth;fs; ahth;?
`pl;r;rhf;
cbMyd;
mutpe;jd;
kzpnfsy;
m^h; Nfhgy fpU];zd;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 92 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


13. ,d;iwa rpdpkhtpy; fhzg;gLk; ehlfj; jd;ikfs; ahit?
 fjhghj;jpuq;fs; rJukhd jpiuapd; tpspk;gpypUe;J tUjy;
 Nkilf;Fs; Eiotijg; Nghy trdj;ijg; Ngrptpl;L
gf;fthl;by; nrd;W kiwjy;
 Fuiy Vw;wp ,wf;fp Ngrhkhy; fj;jpg; NgRjy;

 ghj;jpuq;fis Vw;W ebg;gth;fs; fkuhitg; ghh;j;J NgRjy;


 glk; KOtJk; gpd;dzp ,ir xypj;Jf; nfhz;bUj;jy;
14. ey;y rpdpkh vJ vd;gJ gw;wp fl;Liuahrph; $Wfpd;whh;? .
ey;y rpdpkh vd;gJ Xh; ehlfj;jpd; gz;Gfisf;
nfhz;bUg;gjy;y. jpiuapy; Njhd;Wtnjy;yhk; rpdpkh MfhJ.
jpiug;glkhf;fg;gl;l ehlfk; rpdpkh my;y. rpdpkh fkuhtpy; gjpT
nra;ag;gl;l Xh; gy;Rit epfo;r;rpAk; my;y. vd;gij fl;Liuahrphpah;
$Wfpd;whh;. NkYk; ey;y rpdpkhtpy; rpdpkh nkhop Kf;fpakhdjhFk;.
mjhtJ fhl;rpg; gbkq;fs;> mf; fhl;rpg; gbkq;fSf;F Vw;w xyp> kw;Wk;
glj;njhFg;G> vDk; gz;Gfis Kiwahf nfhz;bUg;gNj Xh; ey;y
rpdpkh vdg;gLk;.
15. rpdpkh xd;wpy; fhl;rpg;gbkk;> xyp> glj;njhFg;G> FwpaPL vd;gd gw;wp
tpsf;Ff?
 fhl;rpg;gbkk;

cjhuzk; - mopahj Nfhyq;fs; jpiug;glk;


tha;f;fhy; xd;wpy; rpWth;fs; ePe;jp tpisahLjy;> mjpy;
xUtd; %o;fp ,wj;jy;> fpuhkj;J kf;fspd; tUj;jk;> rpWtdpd;
<kf;fphpia ,it fhl;rpfshf ntspg;gLfpd;wd.
 xyp

cjhuzk; - fy;Yf;Fs; <uk; jpiug;glk;


ryitj; njhopyhsp xUtd; Fbj;J tpl;L MLk; NghJ
mtiu milahsg;gLj;Jk; fpuhkpag; ghly; ,ir
 glj;njhFg;G

tUj;jk; Njha;e;j xU kdpjdpd; Kfk;> xUjl;by; Nfhop


tWty;> Gd; rphpg;Gld; me;j kdpjdpd; Kfk; vd %d;W fhl;rpg;
gbkq;fs;. ,q;f tUj;jk; gpd; kfpo;r;rp vDk; Nfhzq;fspy; ,jid
Nehf;fyhk;.
 FwpaPL

cjhuzk; - cjphpg;G+f;fs;
#y; nfhz;l fUNkfk; md;gpw;F vq;Fk; Xh; ngz;zpd;
ek;gpf;ifapd; FwpaPlhf fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ..

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 93 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 94 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil
jkpo; nkhopAk; ,yf;fpaKk;
jkpo; ,yf;fpa tpdhtpilj; njhFg;G
juk; 11

njhFg;ghrpupau;
. ,uh. ep\he;jd; B.A (Tamil)
. Mrpupau;
jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 95 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil
jpUf;Fws; - Ngijik
. myF - 01
√ jkpopy; Njhd;wp ePjp E}y;fspy; Kjd;ikahdjhf tpsq;Fk;
E}y; jpUf;FwshFk;.
√ ,e;E}y; rq;fkUtpa fhyj;jpy; Njhw;wk; ngw;wJ.

√ jpUts;Sth; ,e; E}iy ,aw;wpatuhthh;.

√ ,uz;L mbfspy; VO rPh;fis nfhz;L ,e; E}y; mikTWfpd;wJ.

√ %d;W ghw;gphpTfspy; 133 mjpfhuq;fspy; 1330 Fwl;ghf;fis


nfhz;L mike;Js;sJ ,e; E}yhFk;.
√,e;E}ypw;F cyfg; nghJkiw> Njth; Fws;> Kw;ghy; E}y; vDk; ngah;fs;
GidTWfpd;wd.
√ kdpj tho;tpaypy; rpwg;GWk; mwk;> xOf;fk;> ,y;ywk;> nry;tk; vd;gd gw;wp
moFw vLj;jpak;gp ,Ug;gJ ,e;E}ypd; rpwg;ghFk;.
 mjpfhuk; - Ngijik
√ jpUf;Fwspd; nghUl;ghypy; mq;ftpay; vDk; gFg;gpy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s mjpfhuk;
Ngijik MFk;.
√ Ngijik vd;why; vijANk mwpahik vdg; nghUs;gLk;.

√ Ngijikah; njhopy;> Ngijikag; ,ay;Gfs;> Ngijikahpd; ,opT vd;gd


,t; mjpfhuj;jpd; gj;J Fws;fspy; njspTWtij fhZWNthk;.
Fws;fSk; nghUSk;
01. Ngijik vd;gJ xd;W ahnjdpy; Vjk; nfhz;L
Cjpak; Nghf tply;
nghUs; - Ngijik vd;gJ ahnjdpy; jdf;Fj; jPik jUgtw;iw iff;
nfhz;;L ed;ik jUgtw;iw iftpLjy; MFk;.
02. NgijikAs; vy;yhk; Ngijik fhjd;ik
ifay;y jd; fz; nray;
nghUs; - Ngijik vy;yhtw;wpYk; Ngijik jd; xOf;fj;jpw;F Gwk;ghd
nraypd; kPJ tpUg;gk; nfhs;Sjy; MFk;.
03. ehzhik ehlhik ehh; ,d;ik ahnjhd;Wk;
Ngzhik Ngijj; njhopy;
nghUs; - jfhjtw;wpw;F ntl;fg;glhik> Njitahd tpilaj;ij Njbr;
nry;yhik> gpwh; kPJ md;G nrYj;jhik> ed;ik xd;iwAk; Ngzhik
,itaidj;Jk; Ngijahpd; njhopy;fshFk;.
jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 96 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil
04. Xjp czh;e;Jk; gpwh;f;F ciuj;Jk; jhd; mlq;fhg;
Ngijapd; Ngijahh; ,y;
nghUs; - E}y;fisf; fw;Wk;> mtw;wpd; nghUis czh;e;Jk;> mtw;iw
gpwh;f;F ciuj;Jk;> jhDk; mtw;wpd; top elhf;fhj Ngijiag; Nghy NtW Ngijah;
ahUk; ,y;iy.
05. xUikr; nrayhw;Wk; Ngij vOikAk;
jhd; Gf;F mOe;Jk; msW
Fws; nfhz;L $l;ly;
Ngij vOikAk; jhd; Gf;F mOe;Jk; msW
xUikr; nrayhw;Wk;
nghUs; - Ngijahdtd; jdJ VO gpwtpapy; nrd;W tUe;Jfpd;w eufj;
Jd;gj;ij jdJ xNu gpwtpapy; cUthf;fpf; nfhs;Sthd;.
06. ngha;gLk; xd;Nw Gid G+Zk; ifawpahg;
Ngij tpid Nkw; nfhspd;
Fws; nfhz;L $l;ly;
ifawpahg; Ngij tpid Nkw; nfhspd;
ngha;gLk; xd;Nw Gid G+Zk;
nghUs; - nra;Ak; tifawpahj Ngij xU nraiyr; nra;a Kw;gl;lhy; mJ
Njhy;tpailAk;. mjw;fhf mtd; Fw;wthopahfTk; jisg;gLthd;.
07. Vjpyhh; Muj; jkh; grpg;gh; Ngij
ngUQ; nry;tk; cw;wf; fil
nghUs; - Ngijahdtd; ngUQ; nry;tj;ij milAk; NghJ mtDld;
njhlh;G ,y;yhjth;fs; mjd; ed;ikia mila mtd; cwtpdh;fs; grpahy;
thLthh;fs;
08. ikay; xUtd; fspj;jw;why; Ngij jd;
ifnahd;W cilik ngwpd;
nghUs; - Ngijahdtd;> jd; ifapy; nghUs; xd;iwg; ngWk; nghOJ
mtdJ epiy gpj;Jg; gpbj;j xUtd; kJ mUe;jp kaf;fkile;jijg; Nghd;W
fhzg;gLk;.
09. nghpJ ,dpJ Ngijah; Nfz;ik gphptpd; fz;
gPio jUtJ xd;W ,y;
nghUs; - NgijaUld; nfhs;Sk; el;ghdJ kpfTk; ,dpikahdJ.
Vnddpy; me;j el;ghdJ gphpT Vw;gLk; NghJ Jd;gj;ij juhJ.
10. foh mf;fhy; gs;spAs; itj;jw;why; rhd;Nwhh;
Foh mj;Jg; Ngij Gfy;
nghUs; - rhd;Nwhh; epiwe;j rigapy; xU Ngij GFjy; J}a;ikapy;yhj
xd;iw kpjpj;j fhiy fOthJ mjid gLf;ifapy; itg;gJ Nghd;wjhFk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 97 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 FWtpdhf;fs;
1. Ngijik vd;gJ xd;W ahnjdpy; Vjk; nfhz;L
Cjpak; Nghf tply; 
m. ,q;F Vjk; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; fUj;J ahJ?
NfL> jPik
M. ,f;Fwspy; ahUila nray; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ?
Ngijahpd; nray;
2. ehzhik ehlhik ehh; ,d;ik ahnjhd;Wk;
Ngzhik Ngijj; njhopy; 
m. ehh; vd;gJ ,q;F czh;j;Jk; nghUs; ahJ?
md;G
M. ehlhik vd;gJ ,q;F vjid czh;j;Jfpd;wJ?
Njitahdtw;iw Njbr; nry;yhik
3. xUikr; nrayhw;Wk; Ngij vOikAk;
jhd; Gf;F mOe;Jk; msW 
m. ,f; Fwspy; msW vd;gJ czh;j;JtJ ahJ?
eufj; Jd;gk;
M. ,f; Fwspy; Ngijapd; vj;jF epiy fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ?
,opthd epiy
4. Vjpyhh; Muj; jkh; grpg;gh; Ngij
ngUQ; nry;tk; cw;wf; fil
m. jkh; vd;gJ vj;jF nghUis ,q;F czh;j;Jfpd;wJ?
cwtpdh;
M. Ngij nry;tk; ngWk; NghJ ahh; ed;ik ngWth;?
njhlh;G ,y;yhjth;> mayth;
5. nghpJ ,dpJ Ngijah; Nfz;ik gphptpd; fz;
gPio jUtJ xd;W ,y; 
m. Nfz;ik vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
el;G
M. Ngijahpd; el;G Vd; ,dpikahdJ?
mth;fs; gphptpd; NghJ Jd;gk; Vw;glhJ MfNt mt; el;G
,dpikahdJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 98 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


6. foh mf;fhy; gs;spAs; itj;jw;why; rhd;Nwhh;
Foh mj;Jg; Ngij Gfy;
m. ,f;Fwspy; ntspg;gLk; mzp ahJ?
ctikazp
M. gs;sp vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; fUj;J ahJ?
gLf;if
 fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
01.Ngijik vd;gjw;F ts;Sth; $Wk; tutpyf;fzk; ahJ?
Ngijik vdg;gLtJ ahnjdpy; jkf;F ed;ik jUfpd;w
tpilaq;fis iftpl;L jkf;F jPik jUfpd;wtw;iw iff;nfhs;Sjy;
vd ts;Sth; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whh;. ,jid.
Ngijik vd;gJ xd;W ahnjdpy; Vjk; nfhz;L
Cjpak; Nghf tply;
vDk; KjyhtJ Fwl;gh %yk; fz;L nfhs;syhk;.
NkYk;> jdJ xOf;fj;jpw;F Gwk;ghd nraypd; kPJ jd;
tpUg;gj;ij nfhs;gtd; Ngijahthd; vd ,uz;lhtJ Fwspy;
ts;Sth; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whh;.
NgijikAs; vy;yhk; Ngijik fhjd;ik
ifay;y jd;fz; nray;
,JTk; Ngijikapd; tutpyf;fzNkahFk;.
02. Ngijik nfhz;Nlhhpd; njhopy;fshf ts;Sth; vtw;iwf; $Wfpd;whh;?
Ngijik nfhz;;Nlhhpd; njhopy;fs; ahnjd;gij ts;Sth;
Ngijik mjpfhuj;jpy; %d;whtJ Fwspd; Clhf fhl;Lfpd;whh;.
- ntl;fg;gl Ntz;batw;wpw;F ntl;fg;glhik
- Njitahdtw;iw ehbr; nry;yhik
- gpwhplj;jpy; md;G nrYj;jhik
- Ngzpg; ghJfhf;f Ntz;batw;iw Ngzhik
,itaidj;Jk; Ngijahpd; njhopy;fshk;. ,jid>
“ ehzhik ehlhik ehh; ,d;ik ahnjhd;Wk;
Ngzhik Ngijj; njhopy;”
vDk; Fwl;gh thapyhf fhzyhk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 99 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


03. Ngijik cilNahhpd; ,ay;Gfs; vit vd ts;Sth; $Wfpd;whh;?
Ngijik mjpfhuj;jpy; jpUts;Sth; Ngijahpd; ,ay;Gfs;
gw;wp> Ngijik mjpfhuj;jpy; 03 - 06 tiuahd Fwl;ghf;fspd; thapyhf
mwpayhk;.
 ePjp E}y;fisf; fw;W> mtw;wpd; nghUis czh;e;J> mtw;iw
gpwh;f;F ciuj;J> mt;topapy; mlq;fp xOfhjpUj;jy;.
Xjp czh;e;Jk; gpwh;f;F ciuj;Jk; jhd; mlq;fhg;
Ngijapd; Ngijahh; ,y;
 VO gpwtpapy; nrd;W mDgtpf;Fk; eufj;Jd;gj;ij jd; xNu
gpwtpapy; cUthf;fpf; nfhs;Sjy;.
xUikr; nrayhw;Wk; Ngij vOikAk;
jhd; Gf;F mOe;Jk; msW
 xU nraiy nra;Ak; tif njhpahky; ,Uj;jy;> khwhf mr;
nray; nra;jhy; mJ Njhy;tpapy; KbtiljYld;> mjw;fhf
Fw;wthspahfTk; jiyg;gLjy;.
ngha;gLk; xd;Nw Gid G+Zk; ifawpahg;
Ngij tpid Nkw; nfhspd;
,t;thW Ngijahpd; ,ay;Gfis ts;Sth; moFw fhg;gpak; nra;fpd;whh;.
04. Ngijik nfhz;Nlhhpd; nraypd; tpisTfs; vitnad ts;Sth;
fhg;gpak; nra;fpd;whh;?
Ngijik nfhz;Nlhhpd; nraypd; tpisTfisAk; ts;Sth;
,t; mjpfhuj;jpy; Fwpg;gpLk; jd;ikia ,q;F Nehf;FNthk;.
 xU nraiy nra;Ak; tif njhpahky; mr; nraiyr; nra;jhy;
mr; nray; Njhy;tpapy; KbtiljYld;> mjw;fhf Fw;wthspahfTk;
jiyg;gl Ntz;b tUk;.
ngha;gLk; xd;Nw Gid G+Zk; ifawpahg;
Ngij tpid Nkw; nfhspd;
 Ngijahdtd; ngUQ;nry;tj;ijg; ngWk; NghJ mjd; thapyhf
mtDld; njhlh;gpy;yhjth;fs; mjd; gaid mDgtpf;f mtdJ
cwtpdh;fs; grpahy; thb tUe;Jth;.
Vjpyhh; Muj; jkh; grpg;gh; Ngij
ngUQ; nry;tk; cw;wf; fil
Ngij jd; ifapy; Xh; nry;tj;ijg; ngWtJ gpj;Jg; gpbj;j
xUtd; kJ mUe;jp kaq;fpa jd;ikiag; Nghd;wjhFk;.
ikay; xUtd; fspj;jw;why; Ngij jd;
ifnahd;W cilik ngwpd;
,t;thW Ngijik nfhz;Nlhhpd; nraypd; tpisTfis
fz;Lnfhs;sKbAk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 100 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


05. Ngijahpd; ,opT gw;wp ts;Sth; vt;thW fhl;Lfpd;whh;?
Ngijah; gw;wpa ,opit ts;Sth; fhz;gpf;Fk; jd;ikia
fz;ZWk; NghJ>
NgijaUld; nfhs;fpd;w el;ghdJ ,dpik jUtjhFk;. fhuzk;
me;j el;G gphptilAk; NghJ mJ vt;tpjkhd tUj;jj;ijAk;>
Jd;gj;ijAk; juhJ vd;fpd;whh; ts;Sth;.
nghpJ ,dpJ Ngijah; Nfz;ik gphptpd; fz;
gPio jUtJ xd;W ,y;
 mLj;J> NgijnahUtd; rhd;Nwhh; epiwe;j rigapy; nry;Yjy;
J}a;ikapy;yhj xd;iw kpjpj;j fhiy fOthJ mf; fhiy gLf;ifapy;
itg;gjw;F rkkhFk; vdTk; ts;Sth; $Wfpd;whh;.
foh mf;fhy; gs;spAs; itj;jw;why; rhd;Nwhh;
Foh mj;Jg; Ngij Gfy;
NkYk;>
 jd; xOf;fj;jpw;F Gwk;ghd nraypy; tpUg;gk; nfhs;Sjy;
VO gpwtpapy; mDgtpf;Fk; eufj; Jd;gj;ij xU gpwtpapy;

cUthf;fpf; nfhs;Sjy;
 nray; xd;iw nra;Ak; tifawpahJ ,Uj;jy;.
,tw;iwAk; Ngijahpd; ,opT vDk; jd;ikapy; Nehf;f KbAk;.
06. Ngijik mjpfhuj;jpy; mzp ntspg;ghL gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;f?
,t;mjpfhuj;jpy; ctikazp xU rpy ,lq;fspy;
ifahsg;gl;Ls;sJ.
1.. Ngij jd; ifapy; nry;tk; ngWjy; gpj;Jg; gpbj;j xUtd; kJ
cz;L kaq;fpaijg; Nghd;wJ.
ctkhdk; - gpj;Jg; gpbj;jtd; kJ mUj;jp kaq;Fjy;
ctNkak; - Ngij jd; ifapy; nry;tk; ngWjy;
nghJj;jd;ik - kaf;fkiljy;
2. rhd;Nwhh; rigapy; Ngij GFk; nrayhdJ mOf;fw;w fhiy
fOthJ gLf;ifapy; itg;gijg; Nghd;wJ.
ctkhdk; - J}a;ikaw;w fhiy gLf;ifapy; itj;jy;
ctNkak; - rhd;Nwhh; rigapy; Ngij GFjy;.
nghJj;jd;ik - ,opthd epiy> rpwg;gw;W Nghjy;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 101 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


rq;f fhyg; ghly;fs;
. myF - 02
 jkpo; ,yf;fpa tuyhw;wpy; E}y;fs; Njhw;wk; ngw;w KjyhtJ
fhyk; rq;ffhyk; MFk;.
 fp. gp 01 - 03 tiuahd fhyg;gFjpia rq;f fhyk; vd tiuaiw nra;ayhk;.

 ,f;fhyg;gFjpapy; jkpo;g; Gyth;fs; rq;fk; mikj;J jkpio tsh;jj


; ikahy;
,f;fhyk; rq;f fhyk; vd miof;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
,f;fhyj;jpy; Njhw;wk; ngw;w ,yf;fpaq;fs; gjpndz; Nkw;f;fzf;F E}y;fs; vd
tifg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd.
 mit vl;Lj; njhif> gj;Jg;ghl;L E}y;fs; vd ,U gphpthf cs;slq;Ffpd;wd.

 mfk; rhh;e;jit mfj;jpiz vdTk;> Gwk; rhh;e;jit Gwj;jpid vdTk;


Nkw;fF
; wpj;j E}y;fs; tiuaiw nra;ag;gl;Ls;sd.
mfk; vd;why; fhjy; xOf;fj;ij ghLtjhFk;. mJ Nghy Gwk; vd;gJ Nghh;> tPuk;>
nfhil Kjyhd gy;NtW mk;rq;fisg; ghLtdthFk;.

¦ FWe;njhif
 FWe;njhif vd;gJ rq;f fhy vl;Lj; njhif E}y;fspy; xd;whFk;.
 FWfpa mbfis nfhz;L tpsq;Ftjdhy; ,J FWe;njhif vd
miof;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
 fhjy; rhh;e;j mf xOf;fj;jpid ghbapUg;gjhy; mfj;jpiz rhh;e;jjhf ,e;E}y;
fUjg;gLfpd;wJ.
 ,e;E}ypy; fpl;lj;jl;l 400 tiuahd ghly;fs; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd.
 250 tiuahd Gyth;fs; ,e;E}ypy; ghly;fis ghbapUg;gjhfTk;
mwpag;gLfpd;wJ.
 ,e;E}iyj; njhFj;jth; G+hpf;Nfh vd Gyg;gLfpd;wJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 102 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; (vz; - 61)
jpiz (epyk;) - kUjk;
xOf;fk; - Cly;
ghbath; - Jk;gp Nrh; fPud;
Jiw> $w;W - jiytp thapyhf Njhop ciuj;jJ

jr;rd; nra;j rpWkh itak;


Ch;eJ; ,d;Gwhh; MapDk; ifapd;
<h;jJ
; ,d;GWk; ,isNahh; Nghy;
cw;W ,d;GNwhk; MapDk; ey; Njh;g;
ngha;if Cud; Nfz;ik
nra;J ,d; Gw;wndk; nrwpe;jd tisNa

mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. kh - Fjpiu
2. itak; - Njh;> tz;b
3. Ch;j;J - Vwpr; nrYj;jp
4. <h;j;J - ,Oj;J
5. cw;W - xd;whfr; Nrh;e;J
6. Cud; - jiytd; (kUj epyj;jiytd;)
7. Nfz;ik - el;G
8. nrwpjy; - ,WfpapUj;jy;
9. tis - tisay;fs;
nghUs; - jr;rdhy; nra;ag;gl;l rpwpa Fjpiufs; G+l;lg;gl;l rpwpa
Njhpid Vwpr; nrYj;jp ,d;gk; milah tpl;lhYk;> mjidj; jk;
iffshy; ,Oj;Jr; nrd;W ,d;gkilAk; rpWth;fisg; Nghy>
jiytDld; xd;whf Nrh;e;jpUe;J ,d;gkilahJ tpbDk;>
ey;y Njh;fisAk;> ePh; epiyfisAk; nfhz;l kUj epyj;jpd;
jiytDld; nfhz;l el;gpid ek; cs;sj;jpy; NkYk; NkYk; ngUfr;
nra;J ,d;gkile;Njhk;. mjdhy; jiytpapd; if tisay;fs; fPNo
fod;W tpohky; ifapy; ,Wf;fKw mike;jpUe;jd.
 FW tpdhf;fs;

1. “jr;rd; nra;j rpWkh itak;..” ,q;F itak; vd;gjd; fUj;J?


 Njh;> tz;b

2.“ey; Njh;g; ngha;if Cud; Nfz;ik...”


m. ,q;F Cud; vd;gJ ve;j epyj; jiytidf; Fwpf;fpd;wJ?
 kUj epyj; jiytd;

M. Nfz;ik vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; fUj;J ahJ?


 el;G

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 103 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


3. “ Ch;eJ
; ,d;Gwhh; MapDk; ifapd;
<h;j;J ,d;GWk; ,isNahh; Nghy...”
m. ,t;tbfspy; ntspg;gLk; mzp ahJ?
 ctikazp
M. ,q;F ,isNahh; vd;gJ ahiur; Rl;Lfpd;wJ?
 rpWth;fis
4. ,g; ghlypy; ntspg;gLk; jiytdpd; rpwg;gpid Fwpg;gpLf?
 ey;y Njh;fisAk;> ePh; epiyfisAk; nfhz;l kUj epyj;jpd;
jiytd;
5. ,g;ghlypy; ntspg;gLk; ctikazpapidf; Fwpg;gpl;L tpsf;Ff?
Ch;eJ ; ,d;Gwhh; MapDk; ifapd;
<h;j;J ,d;GWk; ,isNahh; Nghy;
vDk; mbfspy; ctikazp ifahsg;gl;Ls;sJ.
jiytDld; Nrh;e;jpUe;J ,d;gkilahJ tpl;lhYk; mtDld; nfhz;l
el;gpid cs;sj;jpy; epidj;J ,d;gkilAk; jiytpapd; epiy Njhpid
Vwpr; nrYj;jp ,d;gkilahJ tpbDk; mjidj; jk; ifapdhy; ,Oj;J
,d;gkilAk; rpWtu;fspd;; epiyf;F ctkpf;fg;gl;L $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.
ctkhdk; - Njhpid Vwpr; nrYj;jp ,d;gkilahJ tpbDk; jk; ifapdhy;
,Oj;J ,d;gkilAk; rpWtu;fs;
ctNkak; - jiytDld; Nrh;e;jpUe;J ,d;gkilahJ tpbDk; mtDld;
nfhz;l el;gpid cs;sj;jpy; epidj;J ,d;gkilAk; jiytp
nghJj;jd;ik - ,d;gkiljy; (vjph;ghh;j;j ,d;gk; fpilf;fhJ tpbDk;
,d;ndhU ,d;gk; ngWjy;)
6. jiytp Njhop thapyhf jiytid thapy; kWf;ff; fhuzk; ahJ?
jiytd; jiytpiag; gphpe;J guj;ijahplk; nrd;whYk;> mj;
jiytDld; jiytp nfhz;bUe;j msg;ghpa el;gpid jd; kdj;Nj
epidj;J mjd; fhuzkhf kfpo;r;rpaile;jhs;. Mf jiytd; mUfpy;
,Ue;J mtDld; xd;whf Nrh;e;jpUe;J ngw Ntz;ba ,d;gkhdJ mtd;
mUfpy; ,y;yhJ tpbDk; mtd; kPJ nfhz;l fhjy; thapyhf jiytpf;F
fpilf;fg;ngw;wJ. ,jdhy; jiytpapd; if tisay;fs; ifapy;
,wf;fKw mike;jpUe;jd. MfNt jiytd; kPz;Lk; jiytpaplk; te;J
ju Ntz;ba ,d;gk; vJTkpy;iy. MfNt jhd; jiytp Njhopapd;
thapyhf jiytid thapy; kWf;fpd;whs;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 104 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


7. ,g;ghlypy; jiytp jiytidg; gphpe;jpUe;jhYk; ,d;gk; mile;Js;shs;
vd;gjw;fhd Mjhuk; ahJ?
jiytp jdJ jiytidg; gphpe;jpUe;jhYk; ,d;gkhfNt
,Uf;fpd;whs; vd;gjw;F vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf> mtsJ fuq;fspy; mzpe;jpUe;j
iftisay;fs; ,wf;fKw mike;jpUe;jd. mit
fPNo fod;W tpotpy;iy. mjw;Ff; fhuzk;> jiytpapd; mUfpy; jiytd;
,y;yhj NghJk; mj;jiytd; kPJ jiytp nfhz;l fhjiy
jd; cs;sj;Nj epidj;J mjid NkYk; ngUfr; nra;J
,d;gkile;jpUe;jhs; vDk; fUj;J ,q;F Gyg;gLfpd;wJ.
mjhtJ> rpW tz;bapy; Vwpr; nrYj;jp ,d;gkilah tpbDk;
rpWth;fs; mjidj; jk; iffshy; ,Oj;Jr; nrd;W ,d;gkiltijg;
Nghy jiytpAk; jiytdpd; el;gpid jd; cs;sj;jpy; epidj;J
kfpo;e;jpUe;jhs;. ,jdhy; mtsJ if tiday;fs; ,WfpapUe;jd.
8. ghlypy; jiytp ,d;gkile;Js;s epiyapidf; Fwpg;gpLtjw;F
ifahsg;gl;Ls;s cj;jp ahJ?
,g;ghlypy; jiytpahdts; jiytidg; gphpe;jpUe;jhYk;>
Jd;gkilahky; ,d;gkile;Js;shs; vd;gjidf; fhl;l mofpa
ctikazp xd;W ifahsg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjhtJ> jr;rdhy; nra;ag;gl;l
tz;bapy; Vwpr; nrYj;jp ,d;gkila tpUk;Gk; rpWth;fs;> mJ Kbahj
fhuzj;jpy; mjidj; jk; iffshy; ,Oj;Jr; nrd;W mjpy; Vwpr; nrd;w
jpUg;jpiag; ngw;W ,d;gkile;jdh;. mijg; NghyNt jiytpAk;
jiytdJ el;gpidj; jd; cs;sj;jpy; ngUfr; nra;J
,d;gkile;jpUe;jhs; vd;gJ ,q;F ntspg;gLfpd;wJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 105 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


¦ GwehD}W
 rq;f fhyj;jpy; Njhd;wpa E}y;fspy; gj;Jg;ghl;L tFg;gpy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s
E}y; ,JthFk;.
 Gwk; rhh;e;j Gwj;jpiz ,yf;fpakhf ,J fUjg;gLfpd;wJ.

 kd;dh;fspd; Nghh;> tPuk;> nfhil vd;gtw;iw Kjd;ikg; gLj;jp ,e;E}ypy;


400 ghly;fs; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd.
 %Nte;jh;fs;> FWepy kd;dh;fs;> filnaO ts;sy;fs; kw;Wk; xUrpy
Gyth;fspd; rpwg;Gf;fSk; ,e;E}ypy; ghlg;gl;Ls;sd.
ghly; vz; - 243
jpiz - nghJtpay;
Jiw - ifaW epiy (xd;iw ,oe;J ,uq;fpg; ghLtJ)
ghbath; - nfhbj;jiy tpOj;jz;bdhh;
,dp epide;J ,uf;fkhfpd;W jpzpkzy;
nra;AW ghitf;F nfha; © ij ,j;
jz; fak; MLk; kfsPnuhL if gpize;J
jOT top jOT J}q;F topj; J}q;fp
kiw vdy; mwpah khakpy; MankhL
cah; rpid kUjj; JiwAwj; jho;eJ ;
ePh; ezpg; gb NfhL Vwpr; rPh; kpff;
fiuath; kUsj; jpiuafk; gpjpu
neLePhf ; ; Fl;lj;J JLnkdg; gha;eJ ;
FspjJ ; kzw; nfhz;l fy;yh ,sik
mspNjh jhNd ahz;Lz;L nfhy;Nyh
nfhbj;jiy tpOj;jz;L Cd;wp eLf;Fw;W
,Ukpil kpile;j rpy nrhy;
ngU %jhsNuk; Mfpa vkf;F
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. jpzp kzy; - nrwpthd kzy;
2. ghit - nghk;ik
3. nfha; G+ - gwpf;fg;gl;l kyh;
4. ij,g; - #l;Ljy;
5. jz;fak; - Fsph;r;rpahd Fsk;
6. khak; ,y; - tQ;rid ,y;yhj
7. Mak; - $l;lk;
8. cah;r; rpid - cah;e;j kuf;fpis
9. gb NfhL - gjpe;Js;s fpis
10. jpiuafk; - miy
11. gpjpu - njwpf;f
12. mspNjh - ,uq;fj;jf;fJ
13. tpOj;jz;L - Cd;W Nfhy;
14. nfhbj;jiy - G+z; G+l;lg;gl;l jiy
15. %jhsh; - Kjpath;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 106 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 FW tpdhf;fs;
1.“ ,dp epide;J ,uf;fkhfpd;W jpzpkzy;
nra;AW ghitf;F..”
m. jpzpkzy; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; fUj;J ahJ?
 nrwpthd tl;ly; kz;
M. ghit vd;gJ Fwpg;gJ ahJ?
 nghk;ik
2.“ nfha;G+ ij ,j; jz; fak; MLk;
kfsPnuhL if gpize;J..”
m. jz; fak; vd;gjd; fUj;J ,q;F ahJ?
 Fsph;r;rpahd Fsk;
M. nfha;G+ vd;gjhy; fUjg;gLtJ ahJ?
 gwpf;fg;gl;l kyh;
3. “ kiw vdy; mwpah khakpy; MankhL
cah; rpid kUjj; JiwAwj; jho;eJ; ..”
m. khakpy; Mak; vd;gjd; %yk; ntspg;gLk; fUj;J?
 tQ;ridaw;w kfsph; $l;lk;
M. cah;r; rpid vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; fUj;J?
 cah;;e;j kuf;fpis
4. “ neLePh;f; Fl;lj;J JLnkdg; gha;e;J
Fspj;J kzw; nfhz;l fy;yh ,sik..”
m. Fl;lk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 ePh;epiy> Fsk;
M. ,isNahhpd; nraw;ghlhf ,q;F $wg;gLfpd;wJ?
 Mokhd Fsj;jpy; Fjpj;J mjd; mbapy; nrd;W
kziy ntspf; nfhz;L tUjy;.
5. “ mspNjh jhNd ahz;Lz;L nfhy;Nyh
nfhbj;jiy tpOj;jz;L Cd;wp eLf;Fw;W..”
m. nfhbj;jiy vd;gjd; fUj;J?
 G+z; G+l;lg;gl;l jiy
M. ahUila epiy ,q;F ,uq;fj;jf;fJ?
 KjpNahhpd; epiy

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 107 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
01. ,g;ghlypy; $wg;gLk; ,isNahhpd; nraw;ghLfs; vit?
GwehD}w;Wg; ghlypy;> ,isNahupd; ,sikf; fhyj;J
nraw;ghLfis ghlyhrphpah; gpd;tUkhW fhl;Lfpd;whh;.
 nrwpthd kzypy; ghit nra;J mjw;F G+f;fis #b
kfpo;r;rpailjy;.
 Fsph;r;rp nghUe;jpa ePh;epiyapy; tpisahLk; kfsPNuhL if
Nfhh;j;J mth;fs; MLk; NghJ Mb> mth;fs; jOTk; NghJ jOtp
kfpo;r;rpailjy;
 kUjkuj;jpd; ePh;j;Jiwapy; gbe;Js;s kuf; fpisapy; Vwp
fiuapy; epw;gth;fs; tpag;gilAk; tz;zk; ePh;j;Jspfs; NknyOk;g
Fjpj;jy;.
 ePh;
epiyapy; Fjpj;J mjd; mbapy; nrd;W kziy vLj;J
te;J mjid ntspapy; epw;gth;fsplj;jpy; fhl;Ljy;.
,tw;iw>
“ jpzpkzy; nra;AW ghitf;F nfha;G+ ij ,g;
jz; fak; MLk; kfsPnuhL if gpize;J
jOT top jOT J}q;F topj; J}q;fp
kiw vdy; mwpah khakpy; MankhL
cah; rpid kUjj; JiwAwj; jho;e;J
ePh; ezpg; gb NfhL Vwpr; rPh; kpff;
fiuath; kUsj; jpiuafk; gpjpu
neLePh;f; Fl;lj;J JLnkdg; gha;e;J
Fspj;J kzw; nfhz;l..”
vDk; ghlybfs; %yk; fz;Lnfhs;s KbAk;.
02. ghlypy; KJikf;fhy ntspg;ghL mjhtJ KjpNahhpd; epiy
Gyg;gLtjid njspTWj;Jf?
KjpNahhpd; KJikf; fhy ntspg;ghL gw;wp gpd;tUkhW
Nehf;fyhk;. G+z; G+l;lg;gl;l jiyapid cila Cd;W Nfhiy Cd;wp
eLf;fKld;> ,Uky;fSf;fpilNa xU rpy nrhw;fis NgRfpd;w ngUk;
Kjpath;fshf KjpNahhpd; epiy fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ. mjhtJ> elf;f
Kbahj jLkhw;w epiyapy; Cd;W Nfhiy Cd;wp ,Uky;fspd;
,ilapilNa xU rpy nrhw;fis kpfTk; fbdg;gl;L Ngrpd;wth;fshf
KjpNahh; ,q;F Gyg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wdh;. ,jid>
“ nfhbj;jiy tpOj;jz;L Cd;wp eLf;Fw;W
,Ukpil kpile;j rpy nrhy;
ngU %jhsNuk; Mfpa vkf;F..”
vDk; ghlybfs; thapyhf mwpayhk;.
jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 108 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil
03. Gytu; ,oe;j jd; ,sikia (ifaWepiy) vt;thW
ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;whu;?
Gyth; jdJ ,sikf; fhy epidTfis kdjpy; mir
NghLfpd;whh;. mt; ,sikf; fhyj;jpy; mth; Ghpe;j nray;fis
vz;zpg;ghh;f;fpd;whh;. mt; ,sikf;fhy epfo;Tfs; mtUf;F kfpo;r;rpiaf;
nfhLj;jd. Mdhy; KJikaile;j gpd;> me; epiy khwptpLfpd;wJ.
jw;NghJ ifapy; Cd;wp Nfhy; Cd;wp> ,Uky;fSf;fpilapy; xUrpy
thh;j;ijfis NgRfpd;wjhf jd;epiy te;J te;J tpl;lNj vd
tUe;Jfpd;whh;. mjhtJ ,sik fope;J KJik te;Jtpl;lJ vdf; fUjp
tUe;Jfpd;whh;.
04. fy;yh ,sik vDk; mbapd; rpwg;gpid tpsf;Ff?
,g;ghlypy; fy;yh ,sik vd;gjpd; thapyhf gakwpahj
jd;ik Gyg;gLfpd;wJ. mjhtJ> vjw;Fk; mr;rk; nfhs;shj ,sikg;
gUtj;jpy; mth;fs; nra;fpd;w nraw;ghLfs; Mgj;jhditahf
tpsq;fpdhYk;> mJ mth;fsJ gakwpahj ,sikg; gUt nraw;ghLfshf
tpsq;Ffpd;wd.
kUj kuj;jpd; ePh;j;Jiwapy; epyj;jpd; mUfpy; jho;eJ ; s;s
kuf;fpisapy; Vwp ePh;f;fiuapd; fiuapy; epw;gth;fs; tpag;Gk;> mr;rKk;
mila me;j ePh;epiyapd; ePh;j; Jspfs; Nky; Vo> JLk; vd xypnaOg;Gk;
tz;zk; Fjpj;J ePh; epiyapd; Moj;jpw;F nrd;W mq;Fs;s kziy
vLj;J te;J fhl;Lfpd;w nraw;ghLfs; fy;yh ,sik mjhtJ gakwpahj
jd;ikapd; ntspg;ghLfshFk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 109 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


,yl;rpaKk; rkNehf;Fk;
. myF 03
 fl;Liuahrphpah; - Gyth; kzp> nghpajk;gpg; gps;is.
 fl;Liu ,lk; ngw;Ws;s E}y; njhFg;G - cs;sJk; ey;yJk;

 FW tpdh tpil
1.“ capUld; nrd;w xU kfs; jd;dpDQ;
nrapUld; te;j ,r; Nrapio jd;dpDk;..”
m. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; ahhplk; tpdtg;gl;lJ?
 Nrud; nrq;Fl;Ltd; Ntz;khsplk;
M. ,q;F capUld; nrd;w xU kfs;> nrapUld; te;j Nrapio ahth;?
 capUld; nrd;w xU kfs; - ghz;bkhNjtp
 nrapUld; te;j Nrapio - fz;zfp
2.“ <kQ; Nrh; khiy Nghy ,ope;jplg;gl;l nrayhFk;..”
m. ,q;F gapyg;gl;Ls;s mzp ahJ?
 ctikazp
M. <kQ;Nrh; khiy vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 gpzj;jpw;F ,lg;gl;l khiy
3.“ CdNkahd Cdpil ,Uf;Fk; caphpidj;
Jwe;Jnkhz; G+zhk;.”.
m. ,q;F ahUila ,yl;rpa newp $wg;gLfpd;wJ?
 mh;r;Rdd;
M. vjidj; Jwe;J vjid fhf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;fpd;whd; mh;r;Rdd;?
 capiuj; Jwe;J khdj;ij
4.“ epyj;jpDk; nghpNj thdpDk; cah;e;jd;W..”
m. ,t;tbfs; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s E}y; ahJ?
 FWe;njhif
M. ,q;F ahUila ,yl;rpa newp Gyg;gLfpd;wJ?
 jiytpapd; fhjy; epiy

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 110 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


5.“ gjpapoe;jdk; ghyidapoe;jdk; gilj;j epjpapoe;jdk;..”
m. ,t;tbfs; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s ,yf;fpak; vJ?
 mhpr;re;jpu Guhzk;
M.ghyd; vdg;gLgtd; ngah; ahJ?
 Nyhfpjhrd;
6.“ epjpapoe;jdk; ,dp ekf;F csnjd epidf;Fk;
fjpapof;fpDk; fl;Liu ,of;fpNyhk; vd;whd;..”
m. ,t;tbfspy; ntspg;gLk; ,yl;rpathjp ahh;?
 mhpr;re;jpud;
M. ,t;tbfs; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s ,yf;fpak; vJ? mjd; Mrphpah; ahh;?
 mhpr;re;jpu Guhzk; - tPuftpuhah;.

,. fl;Liu vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; nghUs; ahJ?


 thf;F> nkhope;j thh;j;ij
7.“ kjpapoe;J jd; thapoe;J mUe;jtd; kiwe;jhd;..:”
m. thapoe;J vd;gjhy; Rl;lg;gLtJ ahJ?
 tha;ik ,oe;J
M. mUe;jtd; vdg;gLgtd; ahh;?
 tp];thkpj;jpuh;
8.“ eufk; GfpDk; vs;Nsd; jpUtUshapUf;fg;
ngwpd; ,with..”
m. ,t;thW $wpath; ahh;?
 khzpf;fthrfh;
M. vjw;Fj; jhd; jaq;f khl;Nld; vd ciuf;fpd;whh;?
 eufk; nry;tjw;Fk;

9.“ ,e;j eha;f;F chpikapy;yh Kf;jpAyfk; vdf;F Ntz;lhk;..”


m. Nkw;gb $w;iwf; $wpaJ ahh;?
 jh;kd;
M. mf; fjhghj;jpuj;Jld; njhlh;Gila ,jpfhrk; vJ?
 kfhghujk;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 111 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


10. “ J}ytbtpy; epd;W kiwe;j...
#f;Fk tbtpy; mikj;Jf; fhl;Lfpd;whh;fs;..”
m. J}y tbtk; vd;why; vd;d?
 cz;ik epiy> fz;Zf;F Gyg;gLtJ
M. #f;Fk tbtk; vd;why; vd;d?
 kha tbtk;> fz;Zf;F Gyg;glhjJ
11.“ ,e;j jUkrq;flj;jpd; kj;jpapy; CrhyhLfpd;w murd;
epidf;fpd;whd;..”
m. ,q;F murd; vdg;gLgtd; ahh;?
 jrujd;
M. CryhLjy; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; fUj;J ahJ?
 jLkhw;wk; miljy;
 fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
01. ,yl;rpak; vd;gJ gw;wp fl;Liuahrphpah; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whh;?
,yl;rpak; vd;gJ jdpkdpjd; cah;T ngWtjw;Fk; mjd;
thapyhf kf;fs; cah; eyk; ngw;W tho;tjw;Fk;> mj;NjhL cyfk;
,dpJ eilngWtjw;Fk; fUtpahf mjhtJ cW Jizahf
tpsq;FtjhFk;.
02. ,f;fl;Liuapy; ,yl;rpthjpfis vLj;Jf; fhl;Lk; ,yf;fpaq;fisAk;
mtw;wpd; Mrphpah;fisAk; Fwpg;gpLf?
kfhghujk; - tpahrh; - tpehafh;>
mhpr;re;jpuGuhzk; - tPu ftpuhah;
rpyg;gjpfhuk; - ,sq;Nfhtbfs;
,uhkhazk; - thy;kPfp
Njk;ghtzp - tPukhKdpth;
jpUtUl;gad; - ckhgjpr; rpthr;rhhpahh;.
03. ,f; fl;Liuapy; ,yf;fpaq;fs; vLj;Jf;fhl;Lk; ,yl;rpa thjpfspd;
ngah;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf?
fz;zfp jrujd;
ghz;bkhNjtp khzpf;fthrfh;
mh;r;Rdd; jUkd;
mhpr;re;jpud; rq;ffhyj; jiytp

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 112 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


04. ,f;fl;Liuapy; ,yl;rpathjpfspd; cahpa kdg;ghd;ikf;F
cjhuzq;fshf tpsq;Fgth;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf?
ghhp - Ky;iyf;F Njh; nfhLj;jtd;
Ngfd; - kapYf;F Nghh;it mspj;jtd;
fh;zd; - jd; clYld; nghUe;jpa ftr Fz;lyq;fis jhdk;
nra;jtd;
Fkzd; - ngUQ;rhj;jdhUf;F jd; jiyia nfhLj;jtd;
05. ,yl;rpaq;fis filg;gpbj;j ,yl;rpathjpfspd; ,yl;rpa newp gw;wp
,f;fl;Liuiaj; Jiz nfhz;L tpsf;Ff?

 rpyg;gjpfhuk; - fz;zfp> gz;bkhNjtp ntspg;ghL


rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy; fz;zfp> kw;Wk; ghz;bkhNjtp MfpNahh; ,yl;rpa
newpapd; mh;j;j gbfq;fshth;. ,UtUk; jj;jkJ ,yl;rpaq;fspy;
cWjpgl epd;nwhOfpdh;. mjhtJ fz;zfp jd; fztd; ,we;j
nra;jpawpe;J ghz;ba kd;dd; murrigf;F Nghgj;Jld; te;J jd;
fztd; kuzj;jpw;F epahak; Nfl;L thjhbdhs;. mJ Nghy
ghz;bkhNjtpAk; jd; fztd; ,we;jJ fz;L jhDk; clNd jd;
fztdpd; clYld; jd; capiuj; jpahfk; nra;jhs;. Mf fz;zfpapd;
jd;ikAk;> ghz;bkhNjtpapd; jpahfk; ,uz;Lk; Nghw;wg;gl
Ntz;baitNaahFk; ,jidNa mj;jpwk; epw;f vDk; gjk;
vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.
 kfhghujk; - mh;rR
; dd; ,yl;rpa ntspg;ghL
mh;r;Rddpd; tho;tpy; ,yl;rpaNk Kjd;ik ngWfpd;wJ. mtdJ
,yl;rpak; khdj;ijf; fhg;gjhFk;. mjw;fhf capiuj; Jwf;fTk; mtd;
Jzpfpd;whd;. khdj;ijf; fhg;gjdhNyNa kf;fSf;F thpirAk;>
Fbg;gpwg;Gk;> kughf tpsq;Fk; vd cWjpgl $Wfpd;whd;.
 kfhghujk; - jUkh; ,yl;rpak;
kfhghujjpy; gQ;rghz;lth;fspy; %j;jtdhfpa jUkd; ePjp jtwhJ>
jUk top ePq;fhJ tho;e;J fhl;batd;. Mtd; Kf;jpAyfj;jpw;F nry;Yk;
NghJ jd;Dld; te;j GOj;j ehnahd;wpidAk; jd; Njhspy; Rke;J
nfhz;L Kf;jpAyfk; Nehf;fp nry;fpd;whh;. mg;NghJ mt; Kf;jpAyfk;
mjhtJ nrhh;f;fk; ehia tpl;Ltpl;L jUkid kl;Lk; cs;Ns tUkhW
fl;lisapLfpd;wJ. ,e; epiyapy; eha;f;F fpilf;fhj Kf;jpAyfk;
jdf;Fk; Ntz;lhk; vdf; $wpdhh; jUkh;. ,t;thW jUkdpd; ,yl;rpa
newp gpw capiuAk; jd; capuhf fUfpd;w jd;ikapD}lhf
Gyg;gLfpd;wJ.
 ,uhkhazk; - jrujd; ,yl;rpak;
,uhkhazj;jpy; jrujDf;F ,U rq;flq;fs;. xd;W murpay; newp>
kw;wJ ,yl;rpa newp. vjidf; filg;gpbg;gJ vd;W jLkhw;w epiy.
murpay; newpg;gb ,uhkDf;F Kb #l;Ltjh? my;yJ ,yl;rpa newpg;gb
ifNfapapf;F mspj;j tuq;fis epiwNtw;Wtjh? vd;gNj me;
epiyahFk;. ,e;epiyapy; murpay; epiyia iftpl;L ,yl;rpa newpiaf;
filg;gpbj;J mjw;fhf jd; capiuAk; jpahfk; nra;fpd;whd;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 113 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 mhpr;re;jpuGuhzk; - mhpr;re;jpud; ,yl;rpa newp
mhpr;re;jpuGuhzj;jpy; mhpr;re;jpud; jd; tho;tpy; ngha; vd;gij
$whJ jd; ,yl;rpa newpapy; epd;wtd;. jd; ehL> kidtp> gps;is>
nry;tk; vd midj;ijAk; ,oe;j gpd;Gk; jd; kidtpis jd;
iffshNyNa kuz jz;;lid tpjpf;fg;gl ,Ue;j rkaj;jpy; $L ngha;
$whJ jhd; nfhz;l ,yl;rpa newpapy; cWjpgl epd;wtd;.
 khzpf;f thrfh; ,yl;rpa newp
jd; ,yl;rpaj;jpw;fhf jdf;F fpilj;j gjtp> gl;lq;fisNa
jpahfk; nra;jth;. nrhh;f;fNyhf tho;f;if fpilf;fhJ eufNk jdf;F
fpilj;jhYk;> ,iwtdJ jpUtUs; jdf;F Jizahf ,Ue;jhy; mt;
tho;itAk; kfpo;Tld; Vw;Wf; nfhs;Ntd; vd;fpd;whh; mth;.
06. ,f;fl;Liuahrphpah; Gyth; kzpapd; nkhop eilr; rpwg;Gf;fis
vLj;Jiuf;Ff?
,f;fl;Liuapy; Gytu;kzp ngupajk;gpg;gps;is mtu;fs; rpwg;ghd
nkhopeil cj;jpfis ifahz;Ls;shu;. mit Fwpj;J gpd;tUkhW
Nehf;FNthk;.
 fl;Liuj; jiyg;gpw;F Vw;w tifapy; fl;Liu mikag;
ngw;Ws;sik.
 fl;Liuapy; $wg;gl;l tpilaj;jpid cjhuzq;fs; thapyhf
vLj;Jiuj;jpUj;jy.
 ,jpfhrk;> kw;Wk; ,yf;fpaq;fis cjhuzg;gLj;jpAs;sik.

 ,yf;fpaq;fspd; fjhghj;jpuq;fis ,ilapilNa


vLj;Jf;fhl;bapUj;jy;
 ,yf;fpaq;fspy; cs;s ghlybfis cjhuzg;gLj;jpAs;sik.

 ,yFthd nkhopeilapy; fUj;Jf;fis vLj;Jiuj;jpUj;jy;.

 jkpo;r; nrhw;fSld; Njitf;Nfw;g tlnkhopr; nrhw;fisAk;


,izj;jpUj;jy;
 rpW rpW thf;fpaq;fSk;> ePz;l thf;fpaq;fSk; nfhz;ljhf
fl;Liu mike;jpUj;jy;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 114 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


%j;jk;kh- rpWfij
 FW tpdh tpil
1. m. %j;jk;kh rpWfijapd; Mrphpah; ahh;?
 Xl;lkhtb mwghj;

M. %j;jk;kh rpWfij ,lk; ngw;Ws;s rpWfijj; njhFg;G ?


 cile;j fz;zhbfspy; kiwe;jpUf;Fk; FUtp
2.“ ntz;zpw Nkfq;fs; epyit %b %b Mypq;fdk; nra;ifapy;
ciwjaphpd; ghyilNah vd tpaf;f itj;jJ...”
m. ,t;tbfspy; ntspg;gLk; mzp ahJ?
 ctikazp

M. Mypq;fdk; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; nghUs;?


 jOTjy;

,. ghyhil vd;gJ ,q;F vjid Rl;b epw;fpd;wJ?


 ntz;zpw Nkfq;fs;

3. “ khQ;Nrhdh kuj;jpy; gf;Fy; fj;jpaJ..”


m. khQ;Nrhdh vd;gjd; jpUj;jpa tbtk; ahJ?
 kQ;rTd;dh kuk;

M. gf;Fy; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; nghUs;?


 Me;ij

4.“ mJ knd> ek;kl CUf;f> FLk;gj;Jf;f MuhtJ kTj;jhg;


NghwhJf;F milahsk;...”
m. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?
 %j;jkhthy; Ngud; fhrPKf;F
M. kTj;J vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 ,wj;jy;> kuzk;

5.“ ko nta;apy;y edahk mtt nfhz;L NghfDk;..”


m. ,q;F mtt vdf; Fwpg;gJ ahiu?
 %j;jk;khit

M. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; $wg;gl;lJ?


 %j;j thg;ghthy;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 115 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


6.“ ,g;g> Vyh nkd Neuk; nga;l;L> ehsuhtf;fp
nrhy;ud; th gLg;gk;..”
m. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?
 %j;jkhthy; Ngud; fhrPKf;F

M. knd vd;gjd; vOj;J tbtk; ahJ?


 kfNd

7.“ ifuhrpf;fhhp ePq;fs; jhd; khkp


vd;u jyg;Gs;sa Ve;jDk;..”
m. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?
 mt;th uhj;jhthy; %j;jk;khtpw;F

M. jyg;Gs;s vd;gjd; nghUs;?


 Kjy; gps;is

,. ifuhrpf; fhhp vd;gjhy; fUjg;gLtJ ahJ?


 vf;fhhpak; nra;jhYk; ntw;wp fpilg;gJ

8.“ ,Q;rhy th kfd; ikaj;j J}f;fg; Nghwhf...”


m. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?
 wFkh khkpahy; fhrPKf;F

M. ikaj;J vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?


 gpzk;

9.“ vdJ rpurpy; nre;jh;a fPhplk; #bajhd kpjg;G...”


m. rpuR vd;gjd; fUj;J?
 jiy

M. nre;jh;ak; vd;gJ Fwpg;gJ?


 moF

10.“ mq;f ghU knd cd;l %j;j thg;gh jya>


#g;gpd gdq; nfhl;l khhp..”
m. ,f;$w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?
 %j;jk;khthy; Ngud; fhrPKf;F

M. ,q;F ifahsg;gl;Ls;s mzp ahJ?


 ctikazp

,. %j;j thg;gh vd;gjd; nghJ tof;Fg; ngah; ahJ?


 jhj;jh

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 116 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


11. “ vd; nts;isf; nfhf;F cwq;fpf; nfhz;bUe;jJ
re;jdk; miuj;J cr;re;jiyapy; G+rpdhh;..”
m. ,t;tbfspy; gapd;W te;Js;s mzp ahJ?
 cUtfk;

M. ,t;tbfspy; Nehiaf; Fzkhf;Fk; nrayhf fhl;lg;gLtJ?


 re;jdk; miuj;J cr;re;jiyapy; G+Rjy;

 fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
01. ,r;rpWfijapy;> %j;jk;khtpd; Fzg;gz;Gfis vLj;Jiuf;Ff.?
%j;jk;kh vDk; ,r; rpWfijapy; ,ioNahLk; gpujhd ghj;jpuf;
$W %j;jk;kh. Fij KOtJk; Kjd;ik ngw;W tUtJ ,g;ghj;jpukhFk;.
%j;jk;khtpd; Fztpay;Gfs; gw;wp ,q;F Nehf;FNthk;.
 jd; Nguf;Foe;ijfs; kPJ Ngud;Gilats;
fij nrhy;ypj; J}q;f itj;jy;
czT Cl;b tpLjy;
ghlrhiyf;F Maj;jkhf;fp mDg;gp itg;gtu;
 goikahd gof;ftoq;fq;fspy; ek;gpf;if cilats;
Neu;j;jpf;fld; itj;jy;
gf;Fy; fj;JtJ ahNuDk; ,wg;gjw;F mwpFwp vdf;$wpaik
 jdJ md;whl tPl;LNtiyfis RWRWg;ghfTk;> cw;rhfj;JlDk;
nra;fpd;wtu;.
khl;by; ghy; fwg;gtu;
gps;isfis ghlrhiyf;F Maj;jkhf;fp mDg;gp itg;gtu;
gyfhuq;fs; nra;J Ngug;gps;isfSf;F cz;zf;nfhLg;gtu;
 ntw;wpiy NghLtjpy; tpUg;gKilats;
 Cuth;fspd; RfJf;fq;fs;> gpurtk; vd;gtw;wpy; mtu;fs; mioahkNy
nrd;W cjtpfs; Ghpgts;
 Neha;te;jhYk; gLf;ifapy; gLf;fhJ tPl;L itj;jpaj;jpd; %yk;
Rfg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;gts;
 my;Yf;Fj;J> fUfkzpkhiy> nrg;Gf;fhg;Gfs; vd;gtw;iw mzpe;J
myq;fukha; ,Ug;gts;.
 ve;jnthUfhupUisAk; fpopj;Jf; nfhz;L elf;fpd;w ijhpaKk;
cw;rhfKk; cilats;
,t;thW %j;jk;khtpd; ghj;jpu thu;gG
; my;yJ %j;jk;khtpd;
Fzg;gz;Gfs; vDk; tifapy; njhFj;J Nehf;fKbAk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 117 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


02. ,r;rpWfijapy;> Ngud; fhrPkpd; Fzg;gz;Gfis vLj;Jiuf;Ff?
%j;jk;kh rpWfijapy; Kf;fpakhd fjhghj;jpukhf fij KOtJk;
,lk;ngWtJ fhrPk; vDk; fjhghj;jpukhFk;. fhrPkpd; Fzg;gz;Gfs;
ghj;jpu thh;g;Gg; gw;wp ,q;F Nehf;FNthk;.
 fij nrhy;ypahf tpsq;Fk; Kf;fpa fjhghj;jpukhf tpsq;Fgtd;
 %j;jk;khtpd; Ngudhf gae;j Rghtk; nfhz;ltdhf tpsq;Fgtd;
 gf;Fy; fj;Jtij Nfl;L gak; nfhz;L %j;jk;khit mioj;jtd;
 %j;jk;kh kPJ ghrKk; khpahijAk; mtu; kPJ ngUk; tpUg;gKk;
nfhz;ltd;
 jd; Fl;bj; jq;if kPJ md;G nfhz;ltd;
 fpuhkj;J gioa ek;gpf;iffis Ghpe;J nfhs;s Kbahjtd;
- ,utpy; Vd; gf;Fy; fj;Jfpd;wJ vdf; Nfl;lik
 ,we;j jd; jhapd; epidTfshy; gpizf;fg;gl;ltd;
 %j;jk;khtpd; nray;fis Mr;rhpaj;NjhLk;> mf;fiwNahLk;
mtjhdpg;gtd;.
 %j;jk;khit NghyNt jd;idAk; gak; ,y;yhjtdhf khw;wpf;
nfhz;ltd;
 JzpTld; nrayhw;wj; Jtq;fp jd;id Xh; ,sturdhf ghtpj;J
gae;jhq;nfhs;sp vDk; gl;lj;ij jpahfk; nra;jtd;
 %j;jk;khtpd; kuzj;ij jhq;fpf; nfhs;s KbahJ fyq;fpatd;
,t;thW ,r;rpWfijapy; Ngud; fhrPk; vDk; ghj;jpu thu;gG
; kw;Wk;
Fzg;gz;Gfs; vDk; tifapy; njhFj;J Nehf;fKbAk;.
03. rpWfijapy; ntspg;gLk; fpuhkpa tho;tpay; mk;rq;fs; gw;wp
njspTWj;Jf.?
,r;rpWfijapd; fijf;fsNk xU tho;tpay; mk;rq;fs;
,ioNahLfpd;w ,];yhkpag; Ngr;Rtof;F epyTfpd;w fpuhkk; MFk;.
Mf mq;F gy tho;tpay; mk;rq;fs; ntspg;gLtjid ,r;rpWfijiag;
gbf;fpd;w NghJ vk;khy; tpsq;fpf;nfhs;s Kbfpd;wJ.
 gf;Fy; fj;JtJ ahnuDk; ,wg;gjw;F mwpFwp vd ek;Gjy;.
 kuj;jpd; fPo; gha; tphpj;J mkh;e;jpUj;jy;
 gf;Fiy tpul;l neUg;Gj;jzypy; cg;Gg; NghLjy;
 gR tsh;j;J ghy;fwe;J fha;r;rpf; Fbj;jy;
 rpWgps;isfs; CQ;ry; fl;b MLjy;
 ntw;wpiy NghLk; gof;fk; fhzg;gLjy;
 fuj;ij tz;bapy; gpuahzk; nra;jy;
 cuypy; murpia ,bj;J khthf;fp gyfhuq;fs; nra;jy;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 118 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 tPl;L itj;jpaj;ij ek;Gjy;
 Neh;j;jpf;fld; itj;jy;
 gidku Xiy %yk; gha;> jl;L> ngl;b vd;gtw;iw nra;jy;
 fhjpy; my;Yf;Fj;J. fUfkzpkhiy> fhg;G vd;gtw;iw mzpjy;.
 gpNujj;jpw;F mUfpy; rhk;gpuhzp Gifa itj;jy;
 jiyg;gpurtj;ij tPl;by; itj;Jf; nfhs;sy;
,itaidj;Jk; rpWfijapy; ,ioNahb te;Js;s tho;tpay; gz;ghl;L
mk;rq;fs; vdthW mikag;ngWfpd;wd.
04. ,r; rpWfijapy; ntspg;gLk; %l ek;gpf;iffs; my;yJ
%lg;gof;ftof;fq;fs; gw;wp njspTWj;Jf?
,r;rpWfij %lg;gof;ftof;fq;fspd; gpujpgypg;ghfNt ,lk;
ngw;Ws;sJ. fij efh;tpy; ,ioNahLk; gy %lg;gof;f tof;fq;fs; gw;wp
Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
 gf;Fy; fj;Jtij xUth; ,wg;gjw;fhd mwpFwp vd ek;Gjy;
 rpul;ilapy; neUg;Gj;jziy ,l;L mjpy; cg;Gf; fw;fis Nghl;L
ntbf;fr; nra;jhy; gf;Fy; fj;Jtij epWj;jp tpLk; vd ek;Gjy;
 ehl;Litj;jpaj;ij tpl ifitj;jpaj;ij nghpJk; ek;Gjy;>
filg;gpbj;jy;
 Neh;j;jp itj;jy;> Neh;j;jpf; fld;fis epiwNtw;Wjy;
 %j;jk;khNt jiyg; gps;isia Ve;j Ntz;Lk; vd ek;Gjy;
,t;thW %lek;gpf;fiffs; my;yJ %lg;gof;ftof;fq;fs; vDk;
jd;ikapy; ,q;F fhzKbAk;.
05. rpWfij Mrphpahpd; nkhopeilr; rpwg;Gf;fs; ahit.?
rpWfij xd;W thrfupd; kdjpy; Mokhd gjpaNtz;baJ
mtrpakhFk;. mt;tifapy; Xl;lkhtb mwghj; mtu;fs; ,r;rpWfijapy;
rpwg;ghd nkhopeil cj;jpfs; gytw;iwf; ifahzLs;su; vd;gij
gpd;tUkhW Nehf;FNthk;.
 gpujhd fij nrhy;ypahf jhNd Ngud; fhrPk; vDk; ghj;jpuj;jpy;
rpWfijapy; ,lk;ngw;wpUj;jy;.
 rpwpa
rpwpa thf;fpa mikg;gpy; ,yFtpy; tpsq;fpf;
nfhs;sf;$ba nkhopeiliaf; ifahz;bUj;jy;.
 ,ay;ghd ,];yhkpa fpuhkk; xd;wpd; Ngr;Rtof;Fr; nrhw;fis
rpWfijapy; gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;
- kTj;J> thg;gh> ikak;
 fpuhkpa tho;tpay; mk;rq;fs; mlq;fpa fpuhkg;Gw fijahf
mikj;jpUj;jy;
 rpwpa rpwpa thf;fpaq;fis fij KOtJk; gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 119 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 rpWfijf;F nghUj;jkhd jiyg;gpl;Ls;sik
jkpo; nrhw;fSld; tlnkhopr; nrhw;fs;> muG> Mq;fpyk; Nghd;w
nrhw;fis gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;
tlnkhop - nre;ju;ak;> fPuplk;> Nj[];
Mq;fpyk; - nfd;bd;> gf;lup> ngupa Nru;
thrfh; vjph;ghh;f;fhj tifapy; ghpjhg czh;tpid J}z;Lk;
tifapy; rpWfijapd; KbT mike;Js;sik.
 ghj;jpuq;fSf;F ,ilapy; ciuahly; ghq;fpid kpfTk;
fhj;jpukhd Kiwapy; cUthf;fpapUj;jy;
,t;thwhd cj;jpfs; ,r;rpWijapy; Mrpupau; ifahz;Ls;s
nkhopeilf;F rpwe;j vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf;fshf mikag;ngw;Ws;sd.
06. ,r;rpWfijapy; ntspg;gLk; ,aw;if th;zidf; fhl;rpfis Fwpg;gpLf?
%j;jk;kh rpWfijapy; ,aw;if rhue;j fhl;rpfs; moFw
tu;zpf;fg;gl;Ls;s jd;ikfis fhzKbfpd;wJ.
 japh; rl;bapd; tbtj;jpy; thdpy; fple;jJ epyh> mjtJ japh;r; rl;biag; Nghy
tl;l tbtpy; thdpy; epythdJ fhzg;gl;lJ vd ctikazpapd; thapyhf ,jidf;
fhl;bapUj;jy;.
nfhl;b itj;j ,lj;jpy; ciwe;jpf;Fk; vUikj; japiug; Nghy rw;Wk; Neuk;
Mlhky; mirahky; me;j epyhtpd; Njhw;wk; ,Ue;jjhf $Wjy; - ctikazp Clhf
mj;jd;ik fhl;lg;gly;.
 ntz;zpw Nkfq;fs; epyit %b %b Mypq;fdk; nra;ifapy; ciwjaphpd;
ghyilNah vd tpaf;f itj;jJ mjd; moF vdf;$Wjy;.
 J}uj;Nj rPWk; flypd; rPw;wk; Jy;ypakha;f; Nfl;lJ.

 rw;Wj;js;sp epw;Fk; khkuj;jpd; G+f;fs; fhw;Wf;F cjph;e;J $iuf;F Nky;


er;nrd tpOe;jJ.
 ,iyfSf;fpilNa epyhnthsp frpe;jJ.

 khQ;Nrhdh kuk; fpisfs; gug;gp kpfTk; nghpajhf


tsh;ej
; pUj;jy;
,t;thW ,r;rpWfijapy; ,aw;if tu;zidf; fhl;rpfis fz;L
nfhs;s Kbfpd;wJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 120 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


jw;fhyf; ftpijfs;
myF 05
01. Njapiyj; Njhl;lj;jpNy...
 ,f;ftpijapd; Mrphpah; rp. tp NtYg;gps;is
 ftpQh; NtYg;gps;isapd; gilg;Gf;fs; fhjy; rpj;jpuk;> tPlw;wtd;> tho;tw;w
tho;T> ghh;tjp
 ,f;ftpijia jkpopy; nkhop ngah;j;jth; rf;jp m. ghiyah
GOjpg; gLf;ifapy; Gije;j vk; kf;fisg;
Nghw;Wk; ,uq;fw; Gfo; nkhop ,y;iy
gOjpyh mtu;fN ; fhu; fy;yiw ,y;iy
gupej
; tu; epidT ehs; gfUthu; ,y;iy
CidAk; cliyAk; Cl;b ,k; kz;iz
capuj; ;jtu;fF
; ,q;Nf csq;fdpeJ
;
md;Gk; G+Zthupy;iy - mg;
GijNkl;bNyhu; - fhdfg;G+itg;
gwpj;Jg; NghLthupy;iyNa
Mog;Gije;j Njapiyr; nrbapd;
mbapw; Gije;j mg;gdpd; rpijNky;
Vio kfDk; Vwp kpjpj;J
,q;nftu; thoNth jd;Dapu; jUtd;
vd;Nd kdpju; ,tNu ,we;jhu;fF;
,q;Nfhu; fy;yiw vLj;jpyu;
ntl;fk; jd;id kiwf;fj; jhNdh
mt;tpiwtDk; jspu; gRk; Gy;yhy;
jiu kiwj;jdNdh
 FW tpdh tpil
01. “ gOjpyh mth;f;Nfhh; fy;yiw ,y;iy ghpe;jth;
epidT ehs; gfUthh; ,y;iy.. ”
m. ,q;F ghpe;jth; vd;gjd; czh;j;Jk; ,Utif fUj;Jf;fs;?
 ,we;jth;> ,uf;fg;gLjy;

M. ,t;tbfspy; Gyg;gLk; czh;T ahJ?


 ftiy> Jd;g czh;T

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 121 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


02. “ mg;Gij Nkl;bNyhh; fhdfg; G+itg; gwpj;Jg;
NghLthhpy;iyNa..”
m. fhdfg; G+ vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; nghUs;?
 fhl;Lg;G+

M. GijNkL vdg;gLtJ ahJ?


 ,we;jtiu Gijj;j ,lk;

03. “ GOjpg; gLf;ifapy; Gije;j vk; kf;fis Nghw;Wk;


,uq;fy; Gfo; nkhop..”
m. ,q;F vk; kf;fs; vd tpspf;fg;gLth;fs; ahth;?
 kiyafj; Njhl;l njhopyhsh;fs;

M. ,uq;fy; Gfo; nkhop vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; nghUs;?


 ,uf;fj;Jld; mth;fspd; jpahfj;ij Gfo;e;J NgRk;
thh;j;ij
04. “ vd;Nd kdpjh; ,tNu ,we;jhf;F ,q;Nfhh; fy;yiw
vLj;jpyNu..:”
m. ftpQh; ahiu fbe;Jiuf;fpd;whh;?
 Kjyhspj;Jtj;jth;fis

M.ahUila Jd;g epiy ntspf;fhl;gg


; Lfpd;wJ?
 Njhl;lj; njhopyhsh;fspd;

 fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
01. ,f;ftpijapy; Njhl;lj; njhopyhsupd; mtyk; vt;thW
fhl;lg;;gl;Ls;sJ?
,f;ftpijapd; thapyhf Njhl;lj; njhopyhsh;fspd; mty
epiy gw;wp ftpQh; ghpTld; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;whh;.
 Njhl;lj; njhopyhsh;fspd; fLikahd ciog;Gk;> mj;jF fbdkhd
ciog;gpw;F Vw;w Cjpak; toq;fg;glhik.
 kz;izr; nropg;gilar; nra;tjw;F jkJ CidAk;> cliyAk; cukhf
njhopyhsh;fs; Cl;Lfpd;wdh;. mjhtJ Njapiyr; nrbfSf;F cukhf jk;
cliyNa Gijf;fpd;wdh;.
 Njapiyr; nrbapd; fPo; Gijf;fg;gl;l je;ijapd; rpij Nky; kfDk; Vwp
epd;W Njaoiyf; nfhOe;J gwpj;jy;.
 Njhl;lj; njhopyhsh;fs; ,we;j gpd;dUk; mth;fSf;F fy;yiw
vOg;ghik> mth;fs; jpahfk; Gfo;e;Jiuf;fg;glhik> mth;fs; epidT ehis
mD];bf;fhik vd;gdTk; mth;fspd; mty epiyapid fhl;b epw;fpd;wd.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 122 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


02. ,f;ftpijapNy> Njhl;lj; njhopyhsh; jpahfk; kjpf;fg;glhj jd;ik
gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;Ff?
,f;ftpijapy; Njhl;lj; njhopyhsh;fspd; jpahfk; chpa Kiwapy;
kjpf;fg;gltpy;iy vDk; jd;ik ntspg;gLfpd;wJ. jk; tho;f;ifapy;
gy jpahfq;fis nra;J njhopy; Ghpfpd;w Njhl;lj; njhopyhsh;fspd;
tho;f;ifahdJ ,Wjpapy; mtyk; epiwe;jjhf khwp tpLfpd;wJ. Fwpg;ghf
njhopyhsh;fs; thOk; NghJk; mth;fspd; jpahfk; kjpf;fg;gLtjpy;iy.
mth;fs; ,we;j gpd;dUk; $l mth;fspd; jpahfk; kjpf;fg;glNth md;wp
Nghw;wg;glNth ,y;iy vd ftpQh; Mjq;fg;gLfpd;whh;.
 Njhl;lj; njhopyhsh;fis Gfo;e;Jiuf;Fk; Gfo; nkhopfs; ,y;yhikAk;
 ,we;j gpd; mth;fSf;F xU fy;yiw vOg;gg;glhik.
 ,we;jth;fspd; epidT ehis filg;gpbf;fhik
 mth;fs; kPJ md;G nrYj;jhik
mth;fs; Gijf;fg;gl;l Gij Nkl;by ;xU fhl;Lg; G+itf; $l gwpj;Jg;
Nghlhik
03. ,f;ftpijapy; ftpQhpd; ftpr; rpwg;G nkhopeil gw;wp Fwpg;gpLf?
,f; ftpijapy; ftpQhpd; nkhopeilr; rpwg;Gf;fis Nehf;Fk;
NghJ>
 Njhl;lj; njhopyhsh;fspd; mty epiyapid jd; ftpapd; thapyhf ek;
fz; Kd; nfhz;L te;J epWj;jpAs;shh;.
 rpwpa rpwpa nrhw;fisf; nfhz;l ge;jp mikg;gpy; ftpijia
tbj;Js;sik
 gbg;gth; kdjpy; ftiy czh;T Njhd;Wk; tifapy; ftpij ntspg;gLjy;.
Njhl;lj; njhopyhsh; jpahfk; kjpf;fg;gl Ntz;ba mtrpaj;ij ftpapd;

Clhf typAWj;jpapUj;jy;.
 ,yFthd nrhy;yhl;rpapid ftpijapy; gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;.
,t;thW ,f;ftpijapy; Mrpupaupd; nkhopeilr; rpwg;Gf;fis
fz;ZwKbfpd;wJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 123 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


02. Foe;ij vd vdJ kdk; FJ}fspf;Fk;
 ,f;ftpijapd; Mrphpah; ftpQh; mfsq;fd;.

 ftpQh; mfsq;fdpd; gilg;Gf;fshf - thyp> ,yf;fpaj; Njwy;> mfsq;fd;


ftpijfs;>md;wpy; gwit> fk;gdpd; ehd;.
 ,f;ftpij ,lk; ngw;Ws;s ftpijj; njhFg;G mfsq;fd; ftpijfs;.

01.
khkuj;jpd; fpisfspNy ke;jp ,dk; jhtp
khq;fdpfs; gwpj;J cz;L kfpoe ; J
; tpisahLk;
G+kuj;jpd; ,iyfspNy tz;bdq;fs; Nkhjpg;
GJkyu;fs; Nfhjp eW kJ mUe;jp MLk;
ghkuj;jpd; ghl;L ,irj;J gRq;Fapy;fs; $tpg;
gRq;fpspfs; GsfKwg; gUt ,iu NjLk;
rhkuj;jpd; xg;ghfr; rpwfbj;Jf; $br;
rJuhLk; kapyf ; s; vidf; ftp ghl itf;Fk;
mUk;gjk;
eWkJ - ,dpa Njd;
ghkuk; - ghl;bdhy; Mfpa kuk;
Gsfk; - kfpo;r;rp
rJuhLk; - elkhLk;
02.
njd;wypNy mire;jhLk; nre;ney; tay; fjpu;fs;
Njd; mUtp vd topAk; Vu; cotd; tpau;it
Fd;W vdNt epkpu;e;J Xq;fp FJ}fypfF; k; Njhs;fs;
Fzf;Fd;wha; cioj;J cz;Zk; Fytpsf;fhk; kdpjd;
Kd;wypNy kzy; mise;J Koq;fhypy; jto;eJ ;
Kj;J cjpu eif nra;Ak; nrhj;jhFk; koiy
fd;wpdJ cly; ef;fpf; fidf;fpd;w gRf;fs;
fiue;J mioj;J ,iu cz;Zk; fhf;iffspd; $l;lk;.
mUk;gjk;
Fd;W - kiy
eif - Gd;dif
03.
gdpf; $l;lk; tpul;b tUk; gfytdpd; tPuk;
grpf; $l;lk; tpul;b tUk; gz;G kpF <uk;
fdpf; $l;lk; mire;jhLk; fdp kuj;jpd; Nrhiy .
fUKfpyf ; s; jto tUk; fhu; fhy khiy
jdpjJ; epd;Wk; rj;jpaj;jhy; jiy epkpUk; kdpjd; .
jw;ngUik nfhs;shJ jiy jhOk; mwpQd;
,dpjj ; hYk; fre;jhYk; ,d;Kfj;ijf; fhl;Lk;
,y;yhspd; ,aw;if vopy; vd; kdij nty;Yk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 124 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


mUk;gjk;
gfytd; - #upad;
<uk; - ,uf;f Fzk;
rj;jpak; - cz;ik
,dpj;jy; - ,d;gk;
frj;jy; - Jd;gk;
04.
FQ;rpUf;Fk; $l;bDf;F ,iu vLj;Jr; nrd;W
Fdpe;J myfhy; ,iu Cl;Lk; FUtpfspd; ghrk;
neQ;rfj;ij epiwj;jpUf;Fk; epu;kykhk; thdpy;
epiw kjp jd; Jiztpau; #otUk; Nfhyk;
gQ;nrdNt jpuz;l Kfpy; guTfpd;w thdpy;
gupjp xsp tPrp vOk; gutrkhk; [hyk;
nfhQ;rp kfpo;e;J Xb tpisahb tUk; mzpyf ; s;
$iufspy; $L fl;ly; Nfhb moF md;Nwh.
mUk;gjk;
epu;kyk; - J}a;ik
epiwkjp - KOkjp
Jiztpau; - el;rj;jpuq;fs;
gujp - #upad;
[hyk; - tpj;ij
04.
XLfpd;w kPid vjpu;j;J XLfpd;w kPd;fs;
CUfpd;w rpwn ; wWk;gpd; xOq;F Kiw tho;f;if
MLfpd;w G+kuj;jpd; mirfpd;w ,iyfs;
mjpfhiy vOe;J ,iu Njl tUk; gwit
%Lfpd;w ,ikf;F mlq;fh KO epyT tpopfs;
Ke;jhidr; Nriyfl;Lk; nre;jhok; G+f;fs;
$Lfpd;w ,aw;if vopy; FJ}fyj;ijj; jUNk
Foe;ij vd vdJ kdk; Fjpj;jhLk; jpdNk
mUk;gjk;
KO epyT tpopfs; - KO epiyitg; Nghd;w tpopfs;
05.
Fjpj;J Xb tUk; mUtpf; Fspu; ePupd; RfKk;
Fiythio jiy rha;j;J Fdpej ; pUf;Fk; moFk;
rpypu;j;J clypd; ePu; mfw;Wk; rpW gwitr; nraYk;
rpupj;J tpisahb kfpo; rpW koiyj; jkpOk;
nropj;J Xq;fp tsu;e;jpUf;Fk; nre;ney; tay; epyKk;
nrt;thk;gy; kyu; cLj;j rpww; Kjf; FsKk;
fspj;J kdk; kfpoitf;Fk; ftiyjidg; Nghf;Fk;
fz;zpiwj;J vd; kdijf; ftpghl itf;Fk;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 125 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 FW tpdhf;fs;

1.“ G+kuj;jpd; ,iyfspNy tz;bdq;fs; Nkhjp


GJkyh;fs;Nfhjp eWkJ mUe;jpahLk;..”
m. ,t;tbfspy; vj;jF fhl;rp ntspg;gLfpd;wJ?
 ,aw;iff; fhl;rp
M. eWkJ vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 ,dpa Njd;
2.“ Fd;nwdNt epkph;eN
; jhq;fp FJ}fspf;Fk; Njhs;fs;
Fzf;Fd;wha;..”
m. Fd;nwdNt epkph;eN
; jhq;fpa Njhs; ahUilait?
 cotdJ Njhs;fs;
M. Fzf;Fd;W vd;gjpy; Gyg;gLk; mzp ahJ?
 cUtfk; ( Fzkhfpa Fd;W )
3.“ gdpf;$l;lk; tpul;b tUk; gfytdpd; tPuk;
grpf;$l;lk; tpul;b tUk; khz;G kpF <uk;..”
m. gdpf;$l;lk; tpul;b tUgtd; ahh;?
 #hpad;
M. grpf;$l;lk; tpul;b tUgtd; ahh;?
 cotd;
4. “ eph;kykhk; thdpy; epiwkjp jd; Jiztpah;fs;
#o tUk; Nfhyk;..”
m. eph;kyk; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 J}a;ik> kyq;fyw;w jd;ik> ghpRj;jkhd
M. Jiztpah;fs; vd tpspf;fg;gLtd?
 el;rj;jpuq;fs;
5.“ ,dpj;jhYk; fre;jhYk; ,d; Kfj;ijf; fhl;b ,y;yhspd;
,aw;ifnaopy; vd; kdij nty;Yk;..”
m. ,y;yhspd; khz;G vt;thW fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ?
 ,d;gk; te;jhYk; Jd;gk; te;jhYk; kfpo;Tld;
mtw;iw nghWj;Jf; nfhs;Sjy;
M. ,dpj;jy;> frj;jy; vd;gtw;wpd; fUj;Jf;fs;?
 ,dpj;jy; - kfpo;r;rp> frj;jy; - Jd;gk;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 126 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


6.“ Ke;jhidr; Nriy fl;Lk; nre;jhok; G+f;fs;..”
m. ,t;tbfspy; ntspg;gLk; mzp ahJ?
 cUtfk; (nre;jhok;G+f;fshf ngz;fs;
cUtfpf;fg;gl;Ls;sdu;)
M. nre;jhok; G+f;fshf Fwpg;gplg;gLNthh; ahth;?
 ngz;fs;

7.“ nre;ney; tay; epyKk; nrt;thk;gy; kyULj;j


rpw;wKjf; FsKk;..”
m. ,q;F ve;j epyj;jpd; rpwg;G Gyg;gLfpd;wJ?
 kUjepyk;
M. nrt;thk;gy; kyULj;j rpw;wKjf; FsKk; vDk; mbfspd;
rpwg;G ahJ?

rpte;j Mk;gy; kyh;fs; Fsj;jpy; epiwe;Js;sJ.
mf;Fsj;jpd; ePh; mKjj;jpw;F ,izahf cah;thf $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.
 fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
01. ftpijapy;> ,aw;ifapd; th;zpg;G (,aw;if vopy; fhl;rpfs;) gw;wp
vLj;Jf; fhl;Lf? .

Foe;ij vd vdJ kdk; FJ}fypf;Fk; vDk; ftpij KOtJk;


,aw;if gw;wpa th;zpg;gpd; ghq;fhdJ ,ioNahb ,Uf;fpd;wJ. ek; td;dp
kz;zpd; jdpj;Jtkhd ,aw;if vopy; fhl;rpfs; ftpQhpd; kdijf;
nfhs;is nfhs;fpd;wJ. ek; md;whl tho;tpaYld; ,aw;if nfhz;Ls;s
neUq;fpa njhlh;gpid ,f; ftpijapf; thapyhf fz;L nfhs;syhk;.
mt;thW ntspg;gLk; ,aw;ifapd; th;zpg;gpid ,q;F Nehf;FNthk;.
 khkuq;fspd; fpiofspy; jhtp tpisahLk; Fuq;fpdq;fs; khq;fdpfis
gwpj;J cz;L kfpOjy;
 gr;irf; fpspfs; kfpo;r;rpAld; gUtfhyj;J ,iu Njbg; gwj;jy;

 jk; fd;wpd; cliy ef;fp fidf;fpd;w gRf;fspd; $l;lk;

 tz;bdq;fs; GJ kyh; Njhjp ,dpa Njid mUe;Jjy;

 kapy;fs; Njhif tphpj;J eldkhLjy;

 njd;wypy; mire;jhLk; new;fjph;fs;


 el;rj;jpuq;fSld; re;jpud; thdpy; cyh tUjy;

 jk; $l;lj;ij mioj;J czTz;Zk; fhf;iffspd; ,ay;G

 FQ;Rf;F ,iu Njb te;J mij Cl;Lk; FUtp

 NjdUtpiag; Nghy topfpd;w cotdpd; tpah;it.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 127 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 gdpf; $l;lk; tpyf;fp thdpy; tPuk; nfhz;L cyhtUk; #hpad;

 fUKfpy;fs; jte;J tUfpd;w kiof;fhyk;

 $iufspy; $L fl;Lfpd;w mzpy;fspd; moF.

 XLfpd;w ePh; epiyfspy; CLUtp XLk; kPd;fs;

 nrk;thk;gy; kyh;fshy; cLf;fg;gl;l rpw;wKjf; Fsk;

,t;thW td;dp kz;zpd; ,aw;if fhl;rpfspd; th;zpg;gpd; ghq;fpid


ftpQh; moFw vLj;Jiuf;fpd;w jd;ikapid fz;L nfhs;syhk;.
02. ,f; ftpijapy;> ,aw;if kPJ ftpQh; nfhz;l <LghL gw;wp
vLj;Jiuf;Ff?
,f;ftpijapy; ftpQhpd; kdkhdJ ,aw;ifAld; xd;wpize;J kpf
neUq;fpa njhlh;gpidf; nfhz;ljhf Gyg;gLfpd;wJ. ,aw;ifapy;
Gyg;gLk; gy fhl;rpfspy; jd; kdijg; gwp nfhLj;J mtw;wpd;
rpwg;Gf;fis jd; ftpijapy; ftp thpfshf ghbAs;shh; ftpQh;.
,aw;ifapy; ,ioNahLk; fhl;rpfis gythW th;zpj;Jg; ghLjy;

,aw;ifapy; fhzg;gLk; tho;tpay; mk;rq;fis vLj;Jf;fhl;Ljy;

 kdpjdJ ciog;G> gwitfspd; tho;f;if Kiw> vd;gtw;iw moFw


ftpijapy; ghbapUj;jy;.
,aw;ifAld; caphpdq;fs; nfhz;Ls;s njhlh;gpidAk;> <h;g;gpidAk;
ghbapUj;jy;
 kdjupy; cah;e;j cotdJ rpwg;gpid ,aw;ifAld; fz;L fspj;J mjpy;
kfpo;Tw;W ftp tbj;jy;.
03. ftpijapy; gapd;Ws;s mzpfspd; ntspg;ghL gw;wp njspTWj;Jf?
,f; ftpijapy; mjpfstpy; ctik cUtf mzpfs;
Gyg;gLfpd;w jd;ikapidf; fhzyhk;.
ctikazpfs;.
 NjdUtp vd topAk; VUotd; tpah;it..
 rhkuj;jpd; xg;ghf rpwfbj;J rjpuhLk; kapy;fs;..
 Fd;nwdNt epkph;eN; jhq;fpf; FJ}fypf;Fk; Njhs;fs;..
 gQ;nrdNt jpuz;l Kfpy;...
 Kj;J cjpu eif nra;Ak;..
 KO epyT tpopfs;..
 nrt;thk;gy; kyULj;j rpw;wKjf; Fsk;..
cUtf mzpfs;.
 Fzf; Fd;W - Fzkhfpa Fz;W
 ghkuk; - ghthfpa kuk;
 Nriy fl;Lk; nre;jhok; G+f;fs; - nre;jhok; G+f;fshfpa ngz;fs;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 128 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


04. ,f;ftpijapy;> ftpQhpd; kdk; FJ}fykiltjw;fhf fhuzq;fs;
ahit?
,f;ftpijapy; ,aw;if tsq;fspy; ftpQh; nfhz;bUe;j <LghL>
mtuJ kdk; FJ}fykilaf; fhuzkhf mike;jJ vdyhk;. ,aw;ifapy;
,ioNahLk; gy;NtW fhl;rpfisAk; mit kdpj tho;f;ifapy; CLWk;
jd;ikapidAk; ghba ftpQhpd; cs;sk; kfpo;r;rpahy; jpisf;fpd;wJ.
NkYk;> ek; td;dp kz;zpw;Nf chpj;jhd kUj epyr;rpwg;Gk;
mjDld; njhlh;Gila coth;fisf; fhZk; NghJ ftpQh; kdk;
FJ}fypf;fpd;wJ.
,aw;ifapy; fhzf;$ba kuq;fs; kw;Wk; caphpdq;fspd; tho;tpay;
Kiw ,itaidj;Jk; ftpQUf;F kfpo;r;rpiaf; nfhLf;fpd;wd.
Fwpg;ghf ,d;gNkh> Jd;gNkh mijnay;yhk; rfpj;Jf; nfhz;L
kfpo;r;rpia ntspf;fhl;Lfpd;w ,y;yhspd; moFk; FzKk; ftpQhpd;
kdij kfpo;tilar; nra;fpd;wJ.
05. ,f; ftpijapy;> ftpQhpd; nkhop eil (ftpr; rpwg;Gf;fs;) gw;wp
vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf?
,f;ftpijapy; CLWk; ftpQh; mfsq;fdpd; nkhop eilr;
rpwg;Gf;fis gpd;tUkhW Nehf;;fyhk;.
ftpQh; ,aw;if kPJ <LghL nfhz;lth; vd;gij jd; ftpfspd; thapyhf
ntspg;gLj;jpAs;s jd;ikapid fz;Zwyhk;. Vnddpy; ,aw;if; th;zpg;Gf;fis
mjpfstpy; fhl;bapUf;fpd;whh;.
vspikahd nrhw; gpuNahfk;> kw;Wk; ,yFthd nrhy;yhl;rp vd;gtw;iw
ftpijapy; ghbapUj;jy;.
 rpwe;j Xir eak; kpf;fjhf ftpijfs; ,lk;ngw;wpUj;jy;.
ftpijapy; mjpfs ,lq;fspy; mzpfis gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;> ctik
cUtfk; vd;gtw;Wld; rpwg;ghf vJif> Nkhid mzpfisAk;
gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;.
 ftpijapy; njhif epiyr; nrhw;fisAk; ,lk;ngwr; nra;Js;sik.
 ,irAld; ghlf;$ba tifapy; ftpij mike;Js;sik.

 mjpfstpy; jkpo; nkhopr; nrhw;fis gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 129 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


03. rPwp Xlhj tUq;fhy kdpj ejp
 ,f;ftpijapd; Mrphpah; ftpQh; Nrhiyf; fpsp
 ,f;ftpij ,lk; ngw;Ws;s ftpijj; njhFg;G ghk;G euk;G kdpjd;

me;j vOjj; njupahj igad;


,d;W vd;idr; re;jpjj ; hd;
ngupa gupjhgj;jpd; nkhj;j tbtkha;
vd; Kd;Nd epd;whd;
kPirf;F tpij J}tp ,sik kio nga;a
gapu; Kisj;j gUtk;
VNjh mYtYf;F te;jpUe;jhd;
ifnahg;gk; ,L vd;Nwd;
,lJifapdl ngUtpuiy Cd;wp
ntl;fpr; rpupj;jhd; mJ xU nrj;j rpupg;G
vd; ,jak; fod;W
mtd; ,l;l xg;gj;jpd; Nky; tpOe;J fj;jpaJ
gpd; fUfpg; gw;wpaJ
mtd; fhjy; czu;Tfis
vd;ndd;W xUj;jpf;F vOJthd;; tUq;fhyk;
moF Kfk; fPOjL ,uj;jr; rptg;G
ngz; tpOths; ,tw;wpy; kaq;fp
fhfk; Nghy mtd; tpOe;jtspd; Ntyp Xunky;yhk;
fiue;J jpupthNdh vOj tUfpd;w czu;r;rpfis xypahf;fp>
te;jpUf;ff;$lhJ mtd; ,d;W mYtYf;F
vdf;F epiwa Ntiyfs; ,Uf;fpd;w jpdk; ,d;W
,dpnad;d ehdpy;iy
me;j vOjj; njupahj tUq;fhy kdpj ejp
NghdhYk; ehd; ,Ue;jgb fjpiuapNy
cyfg; ghlrhiy midj;ijANk epidj;Jtpl;L
vz;ZfpNwd;
me;j ejp tUk; ehspy;
rPwp xypnaOg;gp XlhJ
ciwAk; rpW Jspaha;..
 tpdhf;fs;

01.“ kPirf;F tpij J}tp ,sik kio nga;a gaph;


Kisj;j gUtk;..”
m. ,t;tbfspy; ahUila epiyahdJ fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ?
 vOj;jwptpy;yhj ,isQd;
M. gaph; Kisj;j gUtk; vDk; mbfs; czh;j;j tpistJ ?
 ,sik jJk;Gk; gUtk; (,sikg; gUtk;)

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 130 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


02. “moF Kfk; fPOjL ,uj;jr; rptg;G ngz;
tpOths; ,tw;wpy; kaq;fp..”
m. ,isQdpd; mofpid vLj;Jiuf;f?
 mofpa Kfk;> rpte;j cjLfs;
M. ngz; tpOths; vd;gjdhy; Rl;lg;gLtJ ahJ?
 ,td; kPJ ngz; fhjy; tag;gLths;
04.“me;j ejp tUk; ehspy; rPwp xypnaOg;gp XlhJ
ciwAk; rpW Jspaha;.. “
m. me;j ejp vd ftpQh; ahiuf; $Wfpd;whh;?
 vOjj; njhpahj ,isQid
M. vOjj; njhpahj ,isQdpd; vjph;fhyk; vg;gbapUf;Fk;?
 rPwp xyp vOg;gp XlhJ rpW Jspahf ciwAk;
05. vOj;jwptpd;ikahy; Vw;gLk; mtyk; ftpijapy; vt;thW
fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ?
,f;ftpijapy; vOj;jwptpd;ikahy; Vw;glf;$ba mtyq;fis
ftpQh; jd; ftpthpfs; thapyhf fhg;gpak; nra;fpd;whh;.
 tUq;fhyj;jpy; Kfthp njhiye;j kdpjdhfpg; NghFk; epiy cUthFk;.
 fhjy; czh;Tfis vOj;J %ykhf ntspf;fhl;l KbahJ thh;j;ijfs;
thapyhfNt ntspg;gLj;Jk; epiy cUthFk;.
 moFk; ,sikg; gUtKk; tPzhf fope;J NghFk;.
 kw;wth;fs; Kd;ghf ntl;fKk;> mtkhdKk; gl Ntz;ba epiy Vw;gLk;.
 jk; czh;Tfis kw;wth;fsplk; ntspg;gilahf $w Kbahj epiy cUthFk;.
mjw;F gjpyhf xyp tbtpy; jhd; ntspg;gLj;Jk; epiy cz;lhFk;.
 xypnaOg;gp rPwp Xlhj ejpiag; Nghy Xuplj;jpy; rpW Jspahf ciwe;J NghFk;
epiy cUthFk;.
06. ,isQdpd; moF kw;Wk; mtidg; gw;wpa th;zpg;gpidAk;
vLj;Jiuf;f?
,f;ftpijapy; tUk; ,isQdpd; moF gw;wp Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
mofhd Kfk;> fPo; cjLfs; ,uj;jk; Nghy rptg;G epwKilait> NkYk;
mUk;gpa kPir vd;gtw;iw nfhz;ltdhf fhl;lg;gLfpd;whh;.
“ moF Kfk; fPo; cjL ,uj;jr; rptg;G..
kPirf;F tpij J}tp gaph; Kisj;j gUtk;..”
mtidg; gw;wpa th;zid
 moF gilj;j ,isQd;.

 vOjj; njhpahj ghpjhgj;jpd; nkhj;j tbtk;.

 ,lJ ifahy; Cd;wp if tpuyhy; xg;gkpl;L ntl;fpr; rphpj;jik.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 131 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


07. vOj;jwptpy;yhj ,isQDf;fhf ftpQupd;; ,uf;fk; gw;wp njspTWj;Jf?
ftpijapy;> ftpQu; vOj;jwptpy;yhj ,isQDf;fhf ghpjhgk;
nfhs;Sk; ntspg;ghlhdJ ,f; ftpijapy; Gyg;gLfpd;wJ.
 ghpjhgj;jpd; nkhj;j tbtkhf mtidf; fhZjy;
 mtd; ,l;l xg;gj;jpd; kPJ jd; ,jak; fod;W tpOe;J fj;jpg; gpd; fUfpg;
gw;wpaJ vd Mjq;fg;gLjy;
 mtd; jd; fhjy; czh;Tfis vg;gb ntspg;gLj;Jthd; vd ,uq;Fjy;>
mjhtJ jdJ fhjy; czh;Tfis fhjypf;F vOj;J %yk; ntspg;gLj;j KbahJ
thh;j;ij thapyhfNt ntspg;gLj;Jthd; vd mtdJ epiyia vz;zp ,uq;Fjy;.
 mtdJ tUq;fhyj;jpid vz;zp tUj;jk; nfhs;Sjy;> mtd;
vjph;fhyj;jpy; Kfthp njhiye;jtdhf khwp tpLthd; vd epidj;J tUe;Jjy;.
 mtdJ ,e; epiyf;fhd fhuzj;jpid vz;zpg; ghh;j;jy;.
 mtd; tUifahy; ,dp md;iwa jpdk; jd;dhy; xU NtiyiaAk;
ghh;f;f KbahJ vz tUj;jKWjy;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 132 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


mw;iwj; jpq;fs; - ehlfk;
. myF 06
 mw;iwj; jpq;fs; ehlfj;jpd; Mrphpah; ftpQh; ,d;Fyhg;
 ftpQh; ,d;Fyhg; mth;fspd; ,yf;fpag; gilg;Gf;fs; - fz;zfp> kzpNkfiy>
FwQ;rpg; ghl;L vd;gtw;iw etPd Kiwapy; rpj;jhpj;Js;shh;.
 GwehD}w;wpy; $wg;gLk; ghupkd;ddpd; tuyhw;wpid mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L
mw;iwj;jpq;fs; vDk; ehlfk; gilf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
mw;iwj; jpq;fs; ehlfj;jpy; jug;gl;Ls;s GwehD}W ghly;...
mw;iwj; jpq;fs; mt; ntz; epytpy;
ve;ijAk; cilNahk; vk; Fd;Wk; gpwh; nfhshh;
,w;iwj; jpq;fs; ,t; ntz; epytpy;
ntd;nwwp Kurpd; Nte;jh; vk;
Fd;Wk; nfhz;lhh; ahk; ve;ijAk; ,yNk
1. ,g;ghliyg; ghbath;fs; ahth;?
 ghhp kfsph; (mq;fit rq;fit)
2. ,g;ghly; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s E}y; vJ?
 GwehD}W
3. ,g;ghly; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s jpiz kw;Wk; Jiw vd;gtw;iw Fwpg;gpLf?
jpiz - nghJtpay;
Jiw - ifaW epiy
4. ,q;F jpq;fs; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; nghUs; ahJ?
 khjk;
5. ,q;F Fd;W vdg;gLk; kiyapd; ngah; ahJ?
 gwk;G kiy
6. ve;ij vd ,q;F Fwpg;gplg;gLgth; ahh;?
 je;ijahd ghhp
7. ntd;wp vwp Kurpd; Nte;jh; vd tpspf;fg;gLgth;fs; ahth;?
 %Nte;jh;fs;
8. je;ij fl;ba $L Gwhf; FQ;Rfisg; Nghy tsh;j;jhh;..
m. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?
 mq;fitahy; rq;fitf;F
M. Gwhf;FQ;Rfisg; Nghy tsh;j;jhh; vDk; thp czh;j;Jk; fUj;J
 ghJfhg;ghf tsh;j;jhh; vd;W nghUs;gLk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 133 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


9. gwk;G kiy kf;fspd; md;ig vg;gb tpl;Lr; nry;tJ
Fwth;fs;>. fhdth;fs; .. vapdh;fs;...
m. ,f;$w;W ahuhy; nkhopag;gl;lJ?
 rq;fitahy;
M. fhdth; vdg;gLNthh; ahth;?
 fhdth; - Ntlh;fs;>
10. vd; mUikr; nry;tq;fNs Gwg;gl Ntz;baJ jhd;..
m. ,f;$w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?
 fgpyuhy; mq;fit rq;fitf;F
M. ,q;F nry;tq;fs; vd tpspf;fg;gl;lth;fs;?
 ghhp kfsph; - mq;fit> rq;fit
11. mUtpapy; Kfk; fhl;Lk; cd; mofpa fhl;rpfs; ePh; thUk;
fz;fspd; <uj;jpy; epw;Fk;..
m. ,t;tbfs; vj;jF czh;tpid Cl;Lfpd;wJ
 ftiy czh;T
M. ,t;tbfs; thapyhf vjd; rpwg;G ntspg;gLfpd;wJ?
 gwk;G kiy
12. jhyhl;by; mire;jpUe;j njhl;by; tiu ,uj;j nts;sk;
ghy; thh;j;j epyh Kfj;jpy; gw;wptpl;l jPg;ge;jk;..
m. jhyhl;by; mire;jpUe;j njhl;by; tiu ,uj;j nts;sk; vDk;
mbfshy; ahJ czh;j;jg;gLfpd;wJ?
 Nghhpd; nfhLik> jhf;fk;
M.epyh Kfk; vd;gjpy; ntspg;gLk; mzp ahJ?
 ctikazp - epyh Nghd;w Kfk;
 fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
01. mw;iwj; jpq;fs;ehlfj;jpy;> Gyk;ngah;tpd; typ gw;wp njspTWj;Jf.?
ghhp kd;ddpd; kiwtpd; gpd; gwk;G kiy %Nte;jh; trkhfpaJ.
,jdhy; ghhp kfsph; gwk;G kiyapypUe;J Gyk;ngahe;J NtW ,lj;jpw;F
nry;y Ntz;ba mtrpak; Vw;gLfpd;wJ. Mdhy; mj;jifa Gyg;ngah;g;G
mth; jk; cs;sj;jpy; ngUk; typia Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wJ. mjhtJ jk;
gwk;G kiyiaAk; mq;F thOk; kf;fspd; md;igAk; tpl;L gphpa
Kbahj kdepiy ghhp kfspUf;F Vw;gLfpd;wJ. mtw;iw Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
 jkJ kiy kPJ ghy; thh;f;Fk; epyhit vt;thW jk;Kld; vLj;Jr; nry;tJ
vd ghhp kfsph; Vf;fkiljy;
 gwk;G kiyapy; thOk; kf;fspd; md;gpid vt;thW tpl;Lr; nry;tJ vd
JaUjy;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 134 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


gwk;G kiyapy; tuF> jpid> vs;S Kjypa jhdpaq;fs; tpisAk;
tpisepyq;fist pl;Lr; nry;y Ntz;LNk ftiy nfhy;Yjy;.
 fs; kzf;Fk; Fbirfis tpl;Lr; nry;y Ntz;b Vw;gl;lNj vd tUe;Jjy;
 %Nte;jh; Ml;rpahy; mr;rkile;Js;s kf;fis vt;thW jdpNa tpl;Lr;
nry;tJ vd kdf; fyf;fkiljy;.
,t;thW tUj;jKw;W epw;Fk; ghhp kfsph; mq;fit> rq;fitia fgpyh;
MWjy; $wp Njw;Wfpd;whh;. mitahtd>
 gwk;G kiyapd; ,dpa Rid ePhpy; xU Klf;F FbAq;fs;
 kiyg; G+f;fspd; kzj;ij ,Oj;J %r;rlf;fp nfhs;Sq;fs;
 ghhp ,Uj;jhy; Ngr;Rf; nfhLg;ghh;> NkYk; gwk;G kiyia Nehf;fp
Gwk;gLfpNwhk; gwk;Ng> kJtpYk; GyhypYk; fspj;jpUe;jJ ek; el;G.
,J kl;Lkd;wp gwk;G kiyia tpl;Lg; gphptJ kiyia tpl
mjpfkhf fdf;fpd;wJ vd fgpyh; $WtJk; Gyg;ngah;tpd; typia
vLj;Jf;fhl;Lk; ,lkhFk;. ,t;thW Gyg;ngah;tpd; typ ntspg;ghL gw;wp
mw;iwj; jpq;fs; vDk; ehlfj;jpy; mwpe;J nfhs;s KbAk;.
02. mw;iwj; jpq;fs; ehlfj;jpy;> Nghhpd; nfhLik gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;f.?
,g;gFjpapy; Nghhpd; nfhLikahdJ jhyhl;Lg; ghly;fs;
thapyhf moFw ntspg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ. ghhp kd;dd; kuzk; mile;j
gpd; gwk;G kiy %Nte;ju; trkhfpaJ. mt;thW Nghhpd; nfhLik gw;wp
,q;F Nehf;FNthk;.
 ky;ypifg; G+f; fl;lg;Nghd khkd; tPL jpUk;gp tuhik.
 muypg;G +j; jz;L vLf;fg;Nghd mj;ij; jpUk;gp tuhik.
 jhyhl;by; mire;jpUe;j njhl;by; tiu ,uj;jk; gutpapUe;jik.
 thdj;jpy; ghy; thh;j;j epyhtpd; tjdj;jpy; jPg;ge;jk; Njhd;wpaik.
 %Nte;jh;fshy; tQ;rfkhf ghhp nfhy;yg;gl;lik.
 gwk;G kiy %Nte;jh; trkhfpaik.
 ghhp kfspu; jk; je;ijia ,oe;J mehijahdik.
 gwk;G kiyapy; tho;e;j kf;fs; mr;rKk;> JauKk; nfhz;bUe;jik.
 ghhp kfsph; gwk;G kiyia tpl;L Gyk;ngah;e;jik.
,tw;iw>
“ Muspg; G+r; nrz;nlLf;fg; Nghd mj;ij jpUk;gypNa
ky;ypifg; G+r;nrz;L fl;lg;Nghd khkd; kPsiyNa
jhyhl;by; mire;jpUe;j njhl;by; tiu ,uj;j nts;sk;
ghy; thh;j;j epyh Kfj;jpy; gw;wptpl;l jPg;ge;jk;..
vDk; jhyhl;Lg; ghly; thapyhf Nghhpd; nfhLikapid fz;L
nfhs;syhk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 135 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


03. ,e; ehlfj;jpy;> NghUf;F
; gpd; gwk;G kiyapd; epiyapid
njspTWj;Jf?
mw;iwj; jpq;fs; vDk; ehlfj;jpy; Nghhpd; gpd;duhd gwk;G
kiyapd; epiyghl;bid gpd;tUkhW Nehf;f KbAk;. ghhp kd;dd;
,Uf;Fk; NghJ ,Ue;j gwk;G kiy Kw;wpYk; khWgl;l jd;ikapid
NghUf;F gpd;dh; nfhz;L fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
 mq;fit rq;fit je;ijia ,oe;jikahy; mehijfshdik
 gwk;G kiy %Nte;jh;fs; trkhdik
 muypg; G+ jz;nlLf;fg; Nghd mj;ij jpUk;ghik
 ky;ypifg; G+r;nrz;L fl;l; g; Nghd khkd; jpUk;gp tuhik
 jhyhl;by; mire;jpUe;j njhl;by; tiu ,uj;j nts;sk;
 gwk;G kiy kf;fs; Jauj;JlDk; mr;rj;JlDk; fhzg;gl;lik
 ghy; thh;j;j epyhtpd; Kfj;jpy; jPg;ge;jk; ntspg;gLjy;
 ckzh;fs; cg;G tz;by;fis gwk;G kiyapy; Xl;Ljy;
,j;jF jd;ikfs; jhyhl;Lg; ghlypd; thapyhf Gyg;gLfpd;wd. Nghhpd;
Kd;> gpd;duhd ntspg;ghl;bid Nkw;Nghe;j fhuzq;fs; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd.
04. ,e; ehlfj;jpy;> ghhp kfspd; Jau epiyapid vLj;Jiuf;f?
ghhp kd;ddpd; gps;isfshd mq;fit kw;Wk; rq;fit rpW
tajpNyNa jhia ,oe;Jtpl je;ijapd; mutizg;gpy; tho;e;J
tUfpd;wdh;. Mdhy; %Nte;jh;fspd;> Kw;Wifapdhy; ghhp kd;dd; ,we;J
tpl gwk;G kiy %Nte;jh; trkhdJ. je;ijapd; kiwtpd; gpd; ghhp
kfsph; Jd;gf; flypy; Mo;fpd;wdh;.
Nghhpd; fhuzkhf> je;ijAk; cwtpdh;fSk; ,we;J tpl ghhp kfsph;
mehijahfpd;wdh;. gwk;G kiyapy; thOk; kf;fs; epiy fz;L
Jd;gkilfpd;wdh;.
gwk;G kiyia tpl;Lg; gphpe;J nry;Yk; epiy te;j NghJ kpFe;j
Jauk; mile;jdh;. gwk;G kiyia> mq;F ghy; thh;f;Fk; epyh
vd;gtw;iw tpl;Lg; gphpe;J nry;y KbahJ Jd;gkilfpd;wdh;.
05. ,e; ehlfj;jpy;> ghhp kfspiu fgpyh; vt;thW MWjy; gLj;Jfpd;wdh;?
ghhp kd;dd; ,we;J tpl gwk;G kiy %Nte;jh; trkhfpd;wJ.
ghhpkfsph; mehijahfp tpLfpd;wdh;. ,e; epiyapy; ghhpapd; ez;guhd
fgpyh; ghhp kfspiu gwk;G kiyapy; ,Ue;J NtW ,lj;jpw;F mioj;Jr;
nry;y Kw;gLfpd;whh;. Mdhy; ghhp kfspUf;Nfh gwk;G kiy> kw;Wk;
mq;F thOk; kf;fspd; md;gpid tpl;Lr; nry;y jaq;Ffpd;wdh;. ,e;
epiyapy; fgpyh;mth;fs; ,UtiuAk; gpd;tUkhW MWjy; gLj;Jfpd;whh;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 136 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 mUik nry;tq;fNs.. Gwk;gl Ntz;baJ jhd;> ,e;j kiyia tpl;Lg;
gphptJ kiyia tpl fdf;fpd;wJ vdf; $Wjy;.
 gwk;G kiyapd; ,dpa Rid ePhpy; xU Klf;iff; FbAq;fs;.
,e;j kiyg;G+f;fspd; thrizia ,Oj;J %r;rlf;fpf; nfhs;Sq;fs; vdf; $Wjy;.
 ghhp ,Ue;jhy; Ngr;Rf; nfhLg;ghd;> kiyg; Gf;fspd; thriz>
gwitfspd; Xir> ,it vd;Wk; kdij tpl;L ePq;fhjit vd ghhp kfspiu
MWjy; gLj;jp mq;fpUe;J mioj;Jr; nry;fpd;whh;.
,t;thW ghhp kfspiu MWjy; gLj;Jk; jd;ikapidf; fz;Zw
Kbfpd;wJ.
06. mw;iwj; jpq;fs; vDk; jiyg;gpd; nghUj;jg;ghL?
,e;ehlfj;jpw;F mw;iwj; jpq;fs; vDk; jiyg;G kpfTk;
nghUj;jkhdjhFk;. ghhpkfsphpd; md;iwa epiyiaAk; ,d;iwa
epiyiaAk; vLj;Jf; fhl;LtjhfTk; ,e; ehlfk; mike;Js;sikahy; ,j;
jiyg;G nghUj;jKilaNjahFk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 137 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


kfhghujk;
fpUl;bzd; J}Jr;rUf;fk;
myF - 07
mwpKfk;
 irtKk; jkpOk; Nghw;Wfpd;w ,jpfhrq;fspy; xd;whf tpsq;FtJ
kfhghujkhFk;. kfhghujk; Ie;jhk; Ntjk; vd rpwg;gpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
 kfhghujk; tl nkhopapy; Ntj tpahrh; $w tpehafuhy; vOjg;gl;ljhFk;.
 ghujj;jpd; FU tk;rj;ij Nrh;e;j ghz;lth;> nfsuth; MfpNahUf;fpilapy;
ele;j Nghh;> kw;Wk; fpU\;zdpd; mtjhur; rpwg;Gf;fis eaKw $wpapUg;gJ
kfhghuj fhg;gpakhFk;.
 kfhghujk; tl nkhopapy; Mjp gUtk; Kjy; Rth;ff
; hNuhfz gUtk;
tiuahd 18 gUtq;fspy;(gUtk; vd;gJ ngUk; gFjp) fpl;lj;jl;l xU
,yl;rj;J ,Ugjpdhapuk; RNyhfq;fis nfhz;Ls;sJ.
 tlnkhopapy; Njhd;wpa ,t; kfhghujj;ij jkpopy; ghbath;
tpy;ypGj;Jhuho;thh; Mthh;. Mifahy; mJ tpy;ypghujk; vd jkpopy; ngah;
ngw;wJ. tp\;Z kPJ ngU tpUg;Gf; nfhz;l tpy;ypGj;Jhuho;thh; tl nkhopapy;
mike;jpUe;j 18 gUtq;fis jdJ nkhopeilapy; 10 gUtq;fshf RUf;fp
(Mjp gUtk; Kjy; nrsg;jpf gUtk; tiu) ghbAs;shh;.
 ,d;Wk; fk;guhkhazj;ijg; Nghd;W kfhghuj;jpd; rpwe;j jkpo; ciuE}yhf
tpsq;FtJ tpy;ypghujkhFk;.
 tpy;ypghujj;jpy; cj;jpNahf gUtj;jpy; ehd;fhtJ rUf;fkhf ,lk;
ngw;wpUg;gJ fpUl;bzd; JhJr; rUf;fkhFk;. (rUf;fk; vd;gJ rpWgFjp)
 ghz;ltUf;fhf fpU\;zd; nfsuthplk; J}J nrd;wik njhlh;ghf
$Wtjdhy; ,g; gFjp fpUl;bzd; J}Jr;rUf;fk; vdg;gLfpwJ.

fpUl;bzd; J}Jr;rUf;fk;
fijr; RUf;fk; .

ghuj Njrj;jpy; FU tk;rj;jthpd; ehlhf tpsq;FtJ


m];jpdhGukhFk;. FUtk;rj;jpd; top te;j jpUjuhl;bdd; Gjy;th;fs;
nfsuth;fshfpa JhpNahjdd; Kjyhd E}W Ngh;. mJ Nghy ghz;Ltpd;
Gjy;th;fshd jUkd; Kjyhd gQ;r ghz;lth; Ith;. ,th;fs;
,U gFjpapdUf;Fk; m];jpdhGuj;ij Ml;rp nra;Ak; mjpfhuk; fhzg;gl;lJ.
rpW taJ KjNy nfsuth;fs; ghz;lth; kPJ gifikapidNa Vw;gLj;jp
te;jdh;. ghz;lth;fisf; nfhy;tjw;F gy Kaw;rpfis JhpNahjdd;
jd; khkd; rFdpapd; jpl;lj;jpd; gb Nkw;nfhz;L tUfpd;whd;.
mit midj;jpypUe;Jk; ghz;lth; jg;gpj;J nfhs;fpd;wdh;.
,e;epiyapy; ghz;lth;fs; m];jpdhGu MSiff;F cl;lgl;L
,e;jpug;gpu];jk; vDk; efiu mikj;J mq;F jkJ Ml;rpia
Nkw;nfhs;fpd;wdh;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 138 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghz;ltupd; ,r;nraw;ghlhdJ JhpNahjdd; cs;sj;jpy; nghwhikj; jPia
tsh;j;J tpl;lJ. vg;gbAk; ghz;lth; Ml;rp nra;Ak; ,e;jpug;gpu];j efiuAk;
ifg;gw;w Ntz;Lk; vDk; vz;zk; nfhs;fpwhd;. ,e;epiyapy; rFdpapd;
jpl;lj;jpd; gb ghz;lth;fis m];jpdhGuj;jpw;F mioj;J #jhl;l
tpisahl;bd; %yk; ghz;lth; efhpid ifg;gw;w jpl;lk; jPl;Lfpd;whd;.
mjd;gb ghz;lth;fSk; JhpNahjdd; kdepiy mwpahJ m];jpdhGuk; tUif
je;J nfsuth;fSld; #jhl;lj;ij tpisahLfpd;wdh;. mt; tpisahl;bd;
Kjy; Kiw jUkd; jdJ nry;tq;fs;> jdJ rNfhjuh;fs;> gpd; jd;idAk;
gzakhf itj;J> Njhy;tpaile;j gpd; jd; kidtpahd jpnusgjpiaAk;
gzakhf itj;J mtisAk; Njhw;WtpLfpd;whd;. ,e;epiyapy; JupNahjddpd;
Miz Vw;W mtd; jk;gpahd Jr;rhjdd; jpnusgjpia mtsJ $e;jiyg;
gpbj;J rigf;F ,Oj;J te;J mtis rigapy; itj;J khdgq;fg;gLj;Jk;
Nehf;fpy; JfpYhpag;gLk; NghJ fpU\;zd; mUspdhy; mtsJ khdk;
fhg;gw;wg;gl;lJ. mr;rkaj;jpy; ghz;lth; ntFz;nlOj;J gy rgjq;fis
nkhopfpd;wdh;.
gpd; murd; jpUjuhl;bdd; Mizapd; gb ghz;lth;fs; ,uz;lhk; Kiw
#jhb Kbtpy; ntw;wp ngWfpd;wdh;. MdhYk; JhpNahjdd; ghz;lth; efiu
toq;Ftjw;F Kd;ghf rpy epge;jidfis tpjpf;fpd;whd;. mjhtJ
ghz;lth;fs; gd;dpuz;L tUlq;fs; mlh;e;j tdk; nrd;W tdthrj;ijAk;
xU tUlk; ahUf;Fk; njhpahJ kiwe;J thOfpd;w mQ;Qhjthrj;ijAk;
Nkw; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mt;thW epiwNtw;wp te;jhy; mtu;fSf;Fupa
ehl;ilAk; Ml;rp mjpfhuq;fisAk; ehd; nfhLg;Ngd; vd thf;FWjp
mspj;jhd;. mjd; gb ghz;lth;fSk; gd;dpuz;L Mz;Lfs; tdthrj;ijAk;
xU tUl mQ;Qhjthrj;ijAk; Kbj;J> Neubahf jkf;Fhpa FUehl;bd;
(m];jpdhGuj;jpd;) Ml;rpf;Fhpa gq;fpid nfsuth;fsplk; Ntz;Lfpd;wdh;.
Mdhy; JhpNahjdd; ghz;ltUf;Fhpa epyj;ij nfhLg;gjhf ,y;iy.
,e;epiyapy; Aj;jk; nra;jhtJ jkf;Fhpa Ml;rpia ngWtjw;F ghz;lth;fs;
Kw;glNtz;bajhapw;W. ,e;epiyapy; JhpNahjdd; je;ijahd jpUjuhl;bdd;
jd; MNyhrfdhd rQ;raid ghz;lthplk; mth;fs; epiyia mwpAk;
nghUl;L mDg;Gfpd;whd;. rQ;rad; ghz;lthplk; murdJ nra;jpiaf; $wpr;
nry;fpd;whd;. mjd; gpd;G ghz;lth;fspd; ez;gDk; ghz;lth; eydpy;
mf;fiw nfhz;ltDkhfpa fpU\;zd; ghz;lth; IthplKk; mtuth;
kdf;fUj;jpid Nfl;lwpe;J nfhs;fpd;whh;. mg;NghJ tPkDk;> mh;r;RdDk;
NghiuNa typAWj;jp $Wfpd;wdh;. vdpDk; xU Kiw rkhjhdkhf
JhpNahjddplk; nrd;W jk; Ml;rpf;Fhpa ghjp epyj;ij Ntz;Ltjw;Fk;> mij
toq;;f JhpNahjdd; kWj;jhy; Ie;J fpuhkq;fisahtJ Ntz;Ltjw;Fk;>
mijAk; toq;fhJ tpbd; Ie;J tPLfisahtJ Ntz;Ltjw;Fk; mtw;iwAk;
JhpNahjdd; toq;fhJ tpbd; gpd; Aj;jj;jpid Nkw;nfhs;syhk; vd vz;zp
ghz;lth;fspd; %j;jtuhd jUkd; fpU\;zid JhpNahjddplk; J}J
mDg;Gtjw;F tpUk;Gfpd;whd;. vdpDk; jUkhpd; rkhjhdg; Ngr;rpid tpUk;ghj
tPkd; Nfhgk; nfhz;L NghhpidNa tpUk;Gfpd;whd;. ,e;epiyapy; jUkh;
tPkid rkhjhdg;gLj;jp fpU\;zid JhpNahjddplk; J}J tpLf;fpd;whd;.
fpUl;bzd; JhJr; rUf;fk; vDk; ,g;gFjpapy; jUkhpd; nghWik>
tPkdpd; Nfhgk;/ntQ;rpdk;> fpU\;zid J}J mDg;g KbT nra;jjd;
Kf;fpaj;Jtk;> FU ehl;bd; rpwg;G> NkYk; fpU\;zd; je;jpuk; kw;Wk; mtdJ
ngUikfSk; ntspg;gLtjid ,q;F Nehf;fyhk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 139 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 01 - fpU\;zd; $w;W
nra; tuhy; ,dk; cfOk; jpUehL
ngw epidNth nrd;W kPsg;
igtuha; mUq; fhdpy; gapd;W jphpju
epidNth gifj;j Nghhpy;
ca;th; Mh; vd tpiutpd; cUj;J vOj;J
nghu epidNth cz;ikahf
Ituhk; mtdp ghh;f;Fk; epidT VJ vd;W
mUs; Ghpe;jhd; mkuh; Nfhkhd;.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk; .

1. nra; - tay;
2. jpUehL - FUehL/m];jpdhGuk;
3. tuhy; ,dk; - tuhy; kPd;fs;
4. cfOk; - cyTk;
5. mUk; fhdk; - mhpa fhL
6. cUj;J - Nfhgpj;J
7. nghuy; - Nghh; nra;jy;
8. mkuh; Nfhkhd; - Njth;fSf;F vy;yhk; jiytd;
nghUs; . .
tay;fspy; tuhy; kPd;fspd; $l;lk; cyTfpd;w mofpa FU ehl;il
rkhjhdkhfg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;s vz;zNkh? my;yJ kPzL ; k; Ngha; Jd;gk;
milgtuha; mhpa fhl;by; miye;J jphptjw;F vz;zNkh? my;yJ gifik
nfhz;L nra;Ak; Nghhpy; ekf;F vjphpy; gpiog;gth; ahh;? vd vz;zp tpiue;J
Nfhgk; nfhz;L vOe;J Nghh; nra;a vz;zNkh? cq;fs; ItUf;Fk; cyfj;jpid
MSk; epiy gw;wpa cz;ikahd vz;zk; ahJ? vd Njth;fspd; jiytdhd
fz;zd; tpdtpdhd;.
ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs; .

. JhpNahjddplk; fz;zidj; J}J mDg;g vz;zpa NghJ ghz;lth;


IthpdJk; vz;zk; ahJ vd fz;zd; tpdTfpd;w gFjp ,JthFk;.
 jpUehL - ,J m];jpdhGhpia Fwpg;gJ. FUehl;bd; ePu;tsr;rpwg;G moFw
ghlypy; Gyg;gLfpd;wJ.
 mkuh; Nfhkhd; - ,q;F mkuh; Nfhkhd; vd fz;zd;
rpwg;gpf;fg;gLfpwhd;. mkuh; vd;gJ Njtiuf; Fwpg;gJ. Njth;fspd; jiytd;
,e;jpud;. vdpDk; ,e;jpud; cl;gl;l Njth;fs; midtUf;Fk; jiytdhf
(Njthjp Njtdhf) tpsq;Ftjdhy; ,q;F fz;zd; mkuh;fs; jiytdhf
(mkuh; Nfhkhd;) Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;whh;.
 ,q;F Itu; vd;gJ gQ;rghz;ltu;fisf; Fwpf;fpd;wJ. mtu;fs; KiwNa
jUkd;> tPkd;> mu;r;Rdd;> eFyd;> rfhNjtd; MfpNahu;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 140 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 02 - jUkh; $w;W
taputk; vDk; RL neUg;ig kpf %l;b
tsh;f;fpd; cah; tiuf;fhL vd;d
nraph; mkhpy; ntFsp nghu Nru ,U
jpwj;Njhk; nrd;W khs;Nthk;
faputKk; jhkiuAk; fko; godf;
FUehl;by; fye;J tho
caph; midaha; re;Jgl ciuj;jUs; vd;whd;
mwj;jpd; cUtk; Nghy;thd;.
ghly; nfhz;L $l;l; y;
mwj;jpd; cUtk; Nghy;thd;> caph; midaha;
taputk; vDk; RL neUg;ig kpf %l;b
tsh;f;fpd; cah; tiuf;fhL vd;d
nraph; mkhpy; ntFsp nghu Nru ,U
jpwj;Njhk; nrd;W khs;Nthk;
faputKk; jhkiuAk; fko;godf;
FUehl;by; fye;J tho
re;Jgl ciuj;jUs; vd;whd;.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk; .

1. taputk; - nfhba gif


2. tiuf;fhL - %q;fpy; fhL
3. nra; mkh; - fLikahd Nghh;
4. faputk; - Mk;gy; kyh;
5. godk; - tay;
6. re;Jgl - rkhjhdk; cz;lhf
7. caph; midaha; - cap;h; Nghd;wtNd
ghly; nghUs;.
.

mwj;jpd; tbtk; Nghd;w jUkd; (fz;zid Nehf;fp)> “ vq;fs; caph;


Nghd;wtNd> gifikahd nfhba jPia kpFjpahf %l;b tsh;j;jhy; cah;thf
tsh;e;Js;s %q;fpy; fhL jhNd vupe;J mope;J Nghtijg; Nghy> fLikahd
Nghhpy; Nfhgj;Jld; Nghh; Ghpe;jhy; xU Nru ehk; ,U gf;fj;jpdUk; (ghz;lth;>
nfstuth;) ,we;J tpLNthk;. mt;thW epfohky; Mk;gy; kyh;fSk; jhkiu
kyh;fSk; xd;whf kyu;e;J kzk; tPRfpd;w tay;fisAila FUehl;by; ehq;fs;
,U gf;fj;jhUk; Nrh;e;J xw;Wikahf thOk;gb rkhjhdk; cz;lhf
eP nfsuth;fsplk; JhJ nrd;W ciuj;jUs;thahf” vd;W fz;zdplk;
Ntz;bdhd;.
ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;
 rkhjhdj;ij tpUk;Gk; jUkdpd; kdepiy ,g;ghlypy; ntspg;gLfpd;wJ.

 FUehl;bd; rpwg;G ,g;ghlypYk; Gyg;gl;bUg;gijf; fhzyhk;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 141 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 03 - fpU\;zd; $w;W
muT cah;j;NjhDld; kW#J Mb ePh; ntd;w
me;ehs; mtd; jhd; nrhd;d
tpuj nkhop jtpuhky; ntq;fhdk;
Ngha; kPz;Bh; nta;Nahd; cq;fs;
FU epyj;jpy; ghjp ,dpf; nfhlhjpUe;jhy;
Mq;F mtidf; nfhd;W Nghhpy;
,Uepyj;ij Ms ,dpj; JzptNj
fld; vd;whd; vk; gpuhNd.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. muT cah;j;Njhd; - ghk;G nfhbia cila JhpNahjdd;.
2. tpuj nkhop - $wpa thh;ijfs;.
3. ntq;fhdk; - nfhba fhL.
4. nta;Nahd; - nfhbatd;.
5. ,Uepyk; - nghpa epyk; (,Ugf;fj;jhh; ehL.)
6. vk;gpuhd; - vkf;nfy;yhk; jiytd;
 ghlypd; nghUs; .

ghk;Gf; nfhbiaAila JhpNahjdDld; ,uz;lhk; Kiw #jhb ePq;fs;


ntw;wp ngw;w mf; fhyj;jpy>; mj;JhpNahjdd; $wpa thh;j;ijfis (rj;jpa thf;F)
kWf;fhky; nfhba fhl;bw;F nrd;W jpUk;gp tpl;Bh;. ,dp nfhbatdhd
JhpNahjdd; FUehl;by; (m];jpdhGhpapy;) cq;fSf;F chpa ghjpg; gq;if
nfhLf;fhky; ,Ue;jhy;> mtid Nghhpy; nfhd;W ,U gf;fj;jthpd; ehl;ilAk;
Nrh;j;J Ms vz;zp KbTnra;tNj ,dp nra;tjw;Fhpa flikahFk; vd
vkf;nfy;yhk; jiytdhd fz;zd; $wpdhd;.
ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs; .

 ghz;lth;fSf;F chpa ehl;bid JhpNahjdd; ,dpAk; toq;fhtpbd; Nghh;


nra;J mtid nfhd;W ghz;lth;fs; ehl;bid Ms nra;tJ vd fz;zd;
jd; fUj;jpid $Wfpd;w gFjp ,JthFk;.
 JhpNahjddplk; ,uz;lhtJ #jhb Kjy; Kiw ,oe;j midj;ijAk;
ntw;wp ngw;w gpd; ghz;lth; 12 Mz;L tdthrKk; xU tUlk;
mQ;QhjthrKk; nry;y Ntz;Lk; vd;w JhpNahjdd; thh;j;ijg;gb ghz;lth;
mtw;iw epiwNtw;wp kPz;Lk; jpUk;gpdh;> ,jid fz;zd; mtu;fSf;F
epidT+l;Lfpd;whu;.
 mutf;nfhbNahd; - JhpNahjddpd; nfhb ghk;G cUtk; nghwpj;j
nfhbahFk;.
 ,Uepyk; - ,J nghpa epyj;ij Fwpg;gjhFk;. mJ m];jpdhGuk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 142 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 04 - jUkh; $w;W
FutiuAk; fpisiQiuAk; Fyj;J chpa
JiztiuAk; nfhd;W Nghh; ntd;W
mut neLq;fly; Mil mtdp vyhk;
jdp MSk; muR jd;dpy;
fuT ciwAk; kdj; jhij Kdpf;F ciuj;j
nkhopg;gbNa fhd; NjhWk;
,uT gfy; gy %y rhfk; Efh;e;J
caph; tho;jy; ,dpJ ed;W.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. Futh; - rhd;Nwhh;> nghpNahh;.
2. fpisQh; - cwtpdh;
3. mut neLq;fly; - Muthuk; kpf;f ngUq;fly;
4. fuT - tQ;rfk;
5. %y rhfk; - gok;> fpoq;F> ,iy vd;gd
6. Efh;e;J - cz;L
ghly; nghUs;
.

rhd;NwhiuAk; cwtpdh;fisAk; xU Fyj;jpy; gpwe;j jk;gpaiuAk; Nghhpy;


nfhd;W Muthuk; kpf;f ngUq;fliy Milahf cLj;jpa epyk; KOtijAk;
jdpj;J MSk; murhl;rpia tpl> tQ;rfk; nghUe;jpa kdk; nfhz;l ek; nghpa
je;ijahd jpUjuhl;bdd;> rQ;ra Kdptdplk; nrhy;ypaDg;gpa nrhw;gb> fhLfs;
NjhWk; nrd;W ,utpYk; gfypYk; gok;> fpoq;F> ,iy vd;gtw;iw cz;L caph;
tho;jy; kpfTk; ey;yJk; ,dpik jUtJkhFk; vd jUkd; $wpdhd;.
ghly; rpwg;Gf;fs;
 Nghiu tpUk;ghj jUkdpd; kdepiy ,g;ghlyhFk;. nfhba Nghhpdhy;
Vw;gLk; tpisTfisAk;> cwtpdh;fis nfhd;W mjd; %yk; murhl;rp
ngw;W Ml;rp nra;tij tpLj;J fhl;by; mioe;J jphptNj Nky; vd
jUkd; $Wfpd;whd;.
 fuT ciwAk; kdj; jhij - ,J JhpNahjdd; je;ijahd
jpUjuhl;bdiu Fwpf;fpd;wJ. fz;zpy;yhjtd;. tQ;rfk; cilath;.
JhpNahjdd; kPJ md;G nfhz;lth;. JhpNahjdd; nra;Ak; mjh;kq;fSf;F
Jiz epw;gth;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 143 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 05 - (fpUl;bzd; $w;W)
NfhJ ,yhd; ,e;jnkhop $WjYk;
khkhad; $wy; cw;whd;
NkhjkUf;F ,isj;J ePh; nkha;j;j ngUq;
fhdfj;Nj KLfpr; nrd;why;
©jyj;Njhh; VrhNuh Gfd;wngU
tQ;rpdKk; ngha;j;jplhNjh
ePjpNah vd ciuj;jhd; Mq;fjw;F
epfo; jUkd; epfo;j;jy; cw;whd;.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. NfhJ ,yhd; - Fw;wkpyy; hjtd;.
2. khkhad; - kpFe;j khia cilatd;.
3. Nkhjkh; - NkhJk; Nghh;.
4. ,isj;J - gpd;dile;J.
5. nkha;j;j - neUq;fpa.
6. KLfp - tpiuthf.
7. G+jyj;Njhh; - G+kpapYs;Nshh;.
8. tQ;rpdk; - rgjk;.
9. epfo;j;jy; - $Wjy;
ghlypd; nghUs;
Fw;wkpyy
; hj jUkd; ,e;j nkhopia nrhy;yTk;> kpFe;j khia
cilatdhd fz;zd; nrhy;yyhdhd;.  ePq;fs; jhf;fpr; nra;Ak; NghUf;F
gpd;dile;J neUq;fpa fhl;by; tpiue;J Nghdhy;> ,t; cyfj;Njhh; vy;NyhUk;
cq;fis ,fo khl;lhh;fNsh? JhpNahjdd; rigapy; jpnusgjp JfpYhpag;gl;l
NghJ ePq;fs; $wpa rgjKk; ngha;j;J tplhNjh? ePq;fs; mt;thW nra;tJ
murh;f;F mwNkh? vd;W nrhd;dhd;. mg;NghJ fz;zd; $wpajw;Fhpa tpilapid
jUkd; nrhy;yj; njhlq;fpdhd;.
ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;. .

 Nghiu tpUk;ghJ rkhjhdj;ij tpUk;Gk; jUkdJ $w;Wf;F fz;zd;


gjpyspf;Fk; gFjp ,JthFk;.
 ghz;lth; nra;j rgjq;fs; epiwNtw Ntz;Lkhapd; Nghh; GhptJ mtrpak;
vd;gijAk; fz;zd; $Wfpd;whd;.
 ,q;F fz;zd; khkhad; vdf; $wpg;gplg;gLfpd;whd;. khiafs; Ghptjpy;
ty;ytd; fz;zd;. mjdhy; khaf;fz;zd; vdTk; miof;fg;gLgtd;.
khNahd; vDk; ehkKk; ngWfpd;wtd;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 144 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 06 - (jUkh; $w;W)
eP J}J ele;J mUsp vkJ epidT
mth;f;F ciuj;jy; epidtpd; tz;zk;
jhJ Cjp msp KuYk; jz;gjpAk;
jhaKk; jhd; jhuhd; Mfpy;
kPJ CJtisf; FyKk; tyk;GhpAk;
kpf Koq;f nta;a fhyd;
khJhjh; kdk; fspf;fg; nghUJ vdpDk;
ngWtd; ,J tirAk; md;Nw.
 mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
.

1. epidT - vz;zk;.
2. jhJ - kyhpjo;fs;.
3. msp - tz;L.
4. KuYk; - xypf;Fk;.
5. jz;gjp - Fsph;r;rp nghUe;jpa ehL.
6. jhak; - ehl;bd; gFjp
7. CJtis - xypf;Fk; rq;F.
8. nta;a fhyd; - nfhba akd;.
9. khJ}jh; - ak J}jh;fs;
 ghlypd; nghUs;
eP fUizAld; vkf;fhf J}J nrd;W vk; epiyia mth;fSf;F
(JhpNahjdd; KjypNahh;f;F) vLj;Jr; nrhd;dhy; ek; vz;zg;gb kyhpjo;fspd;
kfue;jj; jhJf;fis jkJ thahy; Cjp tz;Lfs; hPq;fhuk; nra;Ak; Fsphr ; ;rp
nghUe;jpa ehl;ilAk; me; ehl;bw;Fhpa mjpfhuq;fisAk; JhpNahjdd;
jUthd;. mt;thW mtd; juhJ tpbd;> mjd; gpd; xypf;fpd;w rq;Ffspd; $l;lKk;
rpwe;j tyk;Ghpr; rq;FfSk; kpFjpahf xypf;f nfhba akdJ nghpa J}jh;fs;
kdk; kfpOkhW Nghh; nra;jhapDk; ehl;ilg; ngWNtd;. ,t;thW nra;tJ
gopAk; MfhJ. vdj; jUkd; $wpdhd;.
 ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;
.

 jkf;fhf JhpNahjddplk; J}J nry;yj; jFjpahdtd; fz;zNd


vdf; fUjpa jUkd; fz;zgpuhdplk; JhpNahjddplk; JhJ nry;YkhW
$Wfpd;w gFjp.
 Kjypy; rkhjhdj;ij Nkw;nfhz;L mJ Njhy;tpailAk; ,lj;J
Nghh; nra;tjhy; gopia Vw;gLj;jhJ vd;gJk; jUkd; fUj;jhFk;.
 NkYk; ,g;ghlypy; m];jpdhGhpapd; ehl;Ltsk; $wg;gLfpwJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 145 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 07 (jUkh; $w;W)
Ke;J Ch; ntk; gzpf; nfhbNahd; %Jhhpy;
ele;J coth; Kd;wpy; NjhWk;
ee;J CUk; Gdy; ehl;bd; jpwk; Ntz;L
ehL xd;Wk; ey;fhd; Mfpy;
Ie;J Ch; Ntz;L mit ,y; vdpy; Ie;J ,yk; Ntz;L
mit kWj;jhy; mL Nghh; Ntz;L
rpe;Jhuj; jpyf Ejy; rpe;Juj;jpd;
kUg;G xrpj;j nrq;fz; khNy.
ghly; nfhz;L $l;ly; .

rpe;Juj; jpyf Ejy; rpe;Juj;jpd;


kUg;G xrpj;j nrq;fz;khNy
Ke;J Ch; ntk; gzpf; nfhbNahd; %Jhhpy;
ele;J coth; Kd;wpy; NjhWk;
ee;J CUk; Gdy; ehl;bd; jpwk; Ntz;L.
ehL xd;Wk; ey;fhd; Mfpy;
Ie;J Ch; Ntz;L mit ,y; vdpy; Ie;J ,yk; Ntz;L
mit kWj;jhy; mL Nghh; Ntz;L.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
.
.

1. Ke;J - tpiue;J
2. ntk;gzp - nfhba ghk;G
3. %Jhh; - goikahd Ch; (m];jpdhGuk;)
4. ee;J - rq;F
5. Ejy; - new;wp.
6. kUg;G - nfhk;G
7. nrq;fz; - rpte;j fz;
8. khy; - jpUkhy;/fz;zd;
 ghlypd; nghUs;
.

nre;Jhuk; vDk; jpyfj;ij mzpe;j new;wpia cila FtyhagPlk; vDk;


ahidapd; nfhk;gpid xbj;j rpte;j fz;fisAila jpUkhNy> tpiuthf
Ch;eJ
; nry;Yk; nfhba ghk;Gf; nfhbiaAila JhpNahjdDila goikahd
m];jpdhGhpapy; eP nrd;W> coth;fspd; ,y;yq;fspd; Kw;wq;fspy; vy;yhk;
rq;Ffs; jtog; ngWk; ePh; tsk; nfhz;l FUehl;bd; ghjpg;ghfj;ijj; jUkhW
Nfs;. mtd; mijj; ju kWj;jhy; Ie;J Ch;fisf; Nfs;. mjidAk; mtd; ju
kWj;jhy; Ie;J tPLfis (,y;yq;fs;) jUkhW Nfs;. mjidAk; mtd; ju
kWj;jhy; nfhy;tjw;Fhpa Nghiu Ntz;Lthahf vd jUkd; $wpdhd;.
ghlypd; rpwg;G
 ,g;ghly; fz;zid JhpNahjddplk; JhJ nry;YkhW jUkd;
Ntz;Lfpd;w gFjp. FU ehl;bd; rpwg;Gf;fSk; ,g;gFjpapy; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.
fz;zdpd; ngUikAk; ,q;F ntspg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 146 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 08 - (tPkd; $w;W)
%j;Njhd; kw;W ,it ciug;g ,isNahd;
ntQ;rpdk; kdj;jpy; %s%s
ehj;Njhk; ,y; ciu gjwf; fJnkd cw;W
vOe;J ,iwQ;rp Qhyk; vy;yhk;
©j;NjhNd ©e;jtprpy; ©it Gzh;
kzpkhh;gh> Gd;ik ahTk;
jPh;j;NjhNd> Cdk; ,yhd; khdk; ,yhJ
ciug;gjw;F vd; nra;tJ vd;whd;.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. %j;Njhd; - jUkd;
2. ,isNahd; - tPkd; (jUkdJ jk;gp)
3. ehj;Njhk; ,y; ciu - ehtpy; ,Ue;J ntspg;Lk; Fw;wkpy;yhj nrhy;
4. ntQ;rpdk; - fLq;Nfhgk;
5. ,iwQ;rp - tzq;fp
6. G+j;Njhd; - Njhw;Wtpj;Njhd;
7. G+j;jtpR - kyh; ,Uf;if/kyh; Mrdk;.
8. G+it - ngz; (,q;F jpUkfisf; Fwpf;fpd;wJ)
9. Gzh; - Nrh;jy;
10.Gd;ik - Fiw
ghlypd; nghUs; \

ghz;lthpy; %j;Njhdhfpa jUkd; ,t;thh;j;ijfis $wTk;> mtDila


jk;gpahfpa tPkd; jd; cs;sj;jpNy nfhba Nfhgk; mjpfkha; tsu tsu>
ehf;fpypUe;J tUfpd;w Fw;wkw;w nrhw;fs; Fsw> tpiuthf vOe;J fz;zid
tzq;fp (fz;zid Nehf;fp)> cyfk; KOtijAk; nfhg;©opypUe;J
(ehgpf;fkyk;) cz;lhf;fpatNd> jhkiu kyhpy; tPw;wpUf;Fk; jpUkfs;
(kfhyl;Rkp) mkh;e;jpUf;Fk; nfsj;Jg kzpia mzpe;j khh;gpid cilatNd>
mbath; Fiwfisnay;yhk; jPhj ; ;jtNd> Fw;wk; ,y;yh ,j;jUkd; khdkpd;wp
,t;thW NgRtjw;F ehk; vd;d nra;tJ> vd;whd;.
ghly; rpwg;Gf;fs;.
 jUkdJ rkhjhd nkhopfisf; Nfl;l tPkdJ Nfhgk; ntspg;gLk;
gFjp ,JthFk;.
 fz;zdJ nghUikfSk; ,q;F ntspg;gLtjidf; fhzyhk;.
 cyfk; KOtijAk; jd; ehgpf;fkyj;jpy; ,Ue;J gilj;jtd;.
 nre;jhkiu kyhpy; tPww; pUf;Fk; jpUkfshk; kfhyl;Rkp ciwAk; jpUkhh;ig
cilatd;
 jd; jpUkhh;gpy; nfsj;Jgk; vDk; kzpapid mzpe;jtd;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 147 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 09 - (tPkd; $w;W)
tphp Foy; ige;njhb ehzp Ntj;jitapy;
KiwapL ehs; ntFNss; vd;W
kugpDf;Fk; ekf;Fk; cyF cs;s msTk;
jPuhj tirNa fz;lha;
vhp joy; fhdfk; mfd;Wk; ,d;dKk; ntk;
gif Kbf;f ,isah epd;wha;
muT cah;Njhd; nfhLikapDk; KuR cah;j;Njha;
cdJ mUSf;F mQ;rpNdNd.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. Foy; - $e;jy;
2. ige;njhb - gRikahd tisay; mzpe;j jpnusgjp
3. ehzp - ntl;fKw;W.
4. Ntj;jit - murrig.
5. ntFsy; - Nfhgpj;jy;.
6. tir - gop
7. joy; - neUg;G
8 . ntk;gif - nfhba gif
ghlypd; nghUs; .

Jr;rhjdd; gpbj;J ,Oj;jjdhy; Fiye;J tphpe;j $e;jiyiyAila


gRikahd tisay;fis mzpe;jtshfpa jpnusgjp> mur rigapNy ehzKw;W
mOJ Gyk;gpa NghJ> cdJ jk;gpauhd vq;fis jdpj;jdpNa Nfhgpf;f Ntz;lhk;
vd;W $wp ekJ Fyj;Jf;Fk; vkf;Fk; cyfk; cs;s tiuapYk; ePq;fhj gopia
Vw;gLj;jp tpl;lha;. vhpAk; jPiag; Nghd;w fhl;by; gd;dpuz;L Mz;Lfs; tho;e;j
gpd;Dk;> njhlh;e;J xU tUlk; kiwe;J tho;e;j gpd;dUk; (mQ;Qhjthrk;)> nfhba
giftuhd JhpNahjdd; KjypNahiu nfhy;tjw;F gpd;thq;Ffpd;wha;. KuRf;
nfhbia cah;j;jpatNd> ghk;Gf; nfhbia cah;j;jpa JhpNahjddpd;
,uf;fkpy;yhikf;F mQ;Rtij tpl cdJ mUSf;F(fUizf;F) mQ;Rfpd;Nwd;.
ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;
 tPkdJ Nfhgk; nghpJk; ntspg;gLk; ghly; ,JthFk;. jUkdJ rkhjhd
thh;j;ijfis Nfl;L jUkid epe;jpf;Fk; gFjp.
 ghQ;rhyp> mh;r;Rdd; kw;Wk; jdJ rgjq;fs; epiwNtw Ntz;bajs;
mtrpaj;ij kiwKfkhf jUkDf;F tPkd; vLj;Jf; $Wfpd;whd;.
 ghQ;rhyp murrigapy; khdgq;fk; nra;ag;gl;lJk; jUkdpd; nrhy; Nfl;L
ghz;lthpy; ehy;tUk; rj;jpaj;jpw;F fl;Lg;gl;likAk; ,g;ghlypy;
ntspg;gLfpd;wJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 148 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 10 - (tPkd; $w;W)
fhd; Ms cid tpLj;j fz; ,yh
mUspypjd; fhjy; ike;jd;
jhd; MSk; juzp vy;yhk; xU Filapf;fPo;
eP Msj; jUtd; ,d;Nw
Nky; ehs; ek; chpik mwf; fth;e;j ngUe;
Jiztd; cid ntwhj tz;zk;
thd; Ms thdth; Nfhd; jd; gjk; kw;W
mtd; jdf;Nf toq;FNtNd.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. fhd; - fhL
2. mUspyp - ,uf;fk; ,y;yhjtd; (jpUjuhl;bdd;)
3. Nky;ehs; - Kd;ehs;
4. fhjy; ike;jd; - md;G kfd;
5. thdth;Nfhd; - Njth;fs; jiytd; (,e;jpud;)
6. gjk; - Rth;f;fk; (mkuhtjp efuk;)
ghlypd; nghUs;
fhl;by; thOkhW cq;fis mDg;gpa fz;zpoe;j (gpwtpf;FUld;) mUs;
,y;yhj neQ;Rila jpUjuhl;bddpd; md;G kfd; JhpNahjdd; jw;NghJ Mz;L
tUk; ehL KOtijAk; eP murhSkhW ,g;NghNj cdf;Fj; jUNtd;. mj;Jld;
Kd;dhspy; ekf;Fhpa nry;tk; midj;ijAk; fth;e;J nfhz;l nghpa jk;gpahk;
JhpNahjdd;>cd;id ntWf;fhj tz;zk; mtd; thDyif MSkhW
(Rth;f;fNyhfk;) Njthpd; jiytdhd ,e;jpudpd; mkuhtjp efuj;ij mj;
JhpNahjDf;F mspg;Ngd;> vd tPkd; $wpdhd;.
ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;
 tPkdJ tPug;gpujhgq;fs; ,g;ghlypy; ntspg;gLfpd;wJ. JhpNahjdidf;
nfhd;W Ml;rpAhpikia kPz;Lk; jd; jikad; jUkDf;F toq;FNtd;
vd mtdJ ek;gpf;if fye;j tPu thh;j;ijfs; ,q;F ntspg;gLfpd;wd.
 JhpNahjdd; je;ijahd jpUjuhl;bddpd; kdepiyAk; JhpNahjdd; Nky;
nfhz;l ngU md;gpdhy; JhpNahjdd; GhpAk; jtWfis jLf;fhJ mjw;F
Jiz epw;gtd; vDk; nra;jpAk; ,q;F ntspg;gLfpd;wJ.
 mkuhtjp vd;gJ Njth; jiytdhd ,e;jpudpd; jiyefuk;.
Rth;f;fNyhfj;J efuk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 149 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 11 - (tPkd; $w;W)
Nghh; Kbj;jhd; mkh; nghUJ Gyk;GW nrhy;
ghQ;rhyp ©e;jz; $e;jy;
fhh; Kbj;jhd; ,isNahh; Kd; fowpa
tQ;rpdk; Kbj;jhd; flTs; fq;if
ePh; Kbj;jhd; ,uT xopj;jh eP mwpa
tir ,d;wp epiy epd;W Xq;Fk;
Ngh; Kbj;jhd; ,g;gbNa ahh; Kbj;jhh;
,tDlNd gpwg;gNj ehd;.
ghly; nfhz;L $l;ly; .

flTs; fq;if ePh; Kbj;jhd;


,uT xopj;j eP mwpa Nghh; Kbj;jhd;
mkh; nghUJ Gyk;GW nrhy;
ghQ;rhyp G+e;jz; $e;jy;
fhh; Kbj;jhd; ,isNahh; Kd; fowpa
tQ;rpdk; Kbj;jhd;.
tir ,d;wp epiy epd;W Xq;Fk;
Ngh; Kbj;jhd; ,g;gbNa ahh; Kbj;jhh;
,tDlNd gpwg;gNj ehd;.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. mkh; - Nghh;
2. nghUJ - NghhplL
;
3. fhh; - Nkfk;
4. jz; $e;jy; - Fsph;e;j $e;jy;
5. ,uj;jy; - ahrfk;
ghlypd; nghUs;
flTs; jd;ikAila fq;ifahw;wpd; ePhpid jd; rlhKbapy; nfhz;bUf;Fk;
rptdJ ,uj;jy; (ahrpj;jy;) njhopiy ePff
; pa eP mwpag; Nghiu Kbj;jhd;. Nghiur;
nra;J mOJ Gyk;Gk; nrhw;fisAila ghQ;rhypapd; ©r;#ba Fsph;e;j Nkfk;
Nghd;w $e;jiy Kbf;fr; nra;jhd;. mitapy; Kd;G jk;gpah; $wpa rgjk;
epiwNtwr; nra;jhd;. gopapd;wp epiyj;jpUf;Fk; Gfo; KOJk; ngw;whd;. ,g;gb
Kbf;f Ntz;ba vy;yhtw;iwAk; Kbj;jtd; ,g;gbg;gl;lth; ahh; cs;shh;. ehd;
(Jha tPud;) ,tDld; (tPukw;wtd;) jk;gpahf gpwg;gJ jFjpahdNjh vd;whd;
tPkd;.
ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs; . .

 jUkdpd; nrhw;fis Nfl;L Nfhgkile;j tPkd; jUkid Nehf;fp ,opthf


tQ;rf Gfo;;r;rpahf jUkd; nra;J Kbf;f Ntz;ba tplaq;fis mtd;
nra;J Kbj;J tpl;lhd; vdthW $wpait ,g;ghlyhFk;.
 rptd;> jpUkhy; Fwpj;j Guhzr; nra;jp ,g;ghlypy; Gyg;gLfpd;wJ.
rptdJ ,uj;jy; njhopiy ePf;fpa jpUkhy; vDk; nra;J mJthFk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 150 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 12 - (tPkd; $w;W)
mzpe;J tUk; rkhpy; vjph;j;J muT cah;j;NjhDld;
murh; clyk; vy;yhk;
Jzpe;J ,uz;L glg; nghUJ njhy;iy cyF
muR Msj; JzptJ my;yhy;
jzpe;J mwKk; fpis cwTk; nfhz;lhb
jhd; ,d;dk; jdpj; JhJ Vtp
gzpe;J ,ue;J Gtp ngw;W cz;bUg;gjw;F
Jzpfpd;whd; gl;l ghNl.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. mzpe;J - mzptFj;J
2. rkh; - Nghh;
3. ,uz;Lgl - ,uz;L Jz;lhFk; gb
4. fpis cwT - cwtpdh; cwT
5. jzpe;J - mikjpahfp
ghlypd; nghUs;
.

,U gf;fj;J gilfSk; mzptFj;J tUk; Nghh;fsj;jpy; ghk;Gf; nfhbia


cah;j;jpa JhpNahjdid vjphj ; ;J mtDf;F Jizahf tUk; kd;dh;fspd;
cly;fs; vy;yhk; ,uz;L Jz;Lgl Nghh; nra;J gifia mopj;J gioa
chpikahd ehl;il Ml;rp nra;aj; JzpT nfhs;tNj my;yhJ> ,j;jUkd;
mikjpaha; mwj;ijAk; cwT KiwiaAk; nghpjhf ghuhl;b (Kjypy; cYhf
Kdptidj; J}J mDg;gpa gpd;) kWgbAk; xU J}jpid mDg;gp> giftid tzq;fp
ahrpj;J ehl;ilg; ngw;W czit cz;L caph; thoj; Jzpe;Js;shd;. ehk;
mDgtpj;j vy;yh Jd;gj;ijAk; tpl ,J kpf;f tUj;jkhFk;.
ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;
 fz;zid J}J mDg;gp mjd; thapyhf ahrpj;J ngWfpd;w Ml;rpia tpl
Nghh; nra;tNj NkyhdjhFk; vd;gJ tPkdJ fUj;jhf ,q;F
ntspg;gLfpd;wJ.
 Vw;fdNt cYhf Kdptid nfsuth;fsplk; J}J mDg;gp mjd; gpd;
kw;WnkhU J}jpid (fpUl;bzid) mDg;Gk; jUkdpd; Kbtpid epuhfhpj;J
NghhpidNa jd; ,Wjp Kbthf vLj;Jiuf;fpd;whd; tPkd;.
tPkdJ tPuk; ghlypy; Gyg;gLfpd;wJ. JupNahjdDf;F Jizahf tUfpd;w
muru;fspd; clyfis ,uz;L J}z;lhFk; gb Nghu; nra;Ntd; vd tPkd;
ciuj;J epw;fpd;whd;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 151 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 13 - (jUkh; $w;W)
ghpTld; kw;W ,it $Wk; gtd Fkhuid
kyh;f;if gzpj;J Nehf;fp
FUFyj;Njhh; Nghh; VNw Fw;wkJ
ghh;f;Fq;fhy; Rw;wk; ,y;iy
xU Fyj;jpy; gpwe;jhh;fs; cld; thOk;
tho;tpidg; Nghy; cWjp cz;Nlh
,UtUf;Fk; tir md;Nwh ,U epyk;
fhuzkhf vjph;g;gJ vd;whd;.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. ghpT - ,uf;fk;
2. gtdFkhud; - fhw;wpd; kfd;/ thA kfd; (tPkd;)
3. tir - gop
4. xU Fyk; - xNu tk;rk;
5. kyh;f;if - kyh; Nghd;w if
ghlypd; nghUs;.
.

tUj;jj;Jld; ,j;jifa thh;j;ijfis $Wfpd;w thAtpd; ike;jdhfpa


tPkid jUkd; jdJ kyh; Nghd;w iffshy; NkYk; NgrtplhJ mkur; nra;J
mtid Nehf;fp> “ FUFyj;jpy; Njhd;wpa kd;dh;fspy; Mw;wy; tha;e;j Mz; rpq;fk;
Nghd;wtNd> Fw;wj;ijNa ghh;j;Jf; nfhz;bUg;gpd; ekf;F cwT vd;gJ ,y;yhky;
Ngha;tpLk;. xU Fyj;jpy; gpwe;jth; jkf;Fs; khWghbd;wp xd;Wgl;L thOk;
tho;fi
; fiag; Nghy ed;ik jUtJ NtW vJTk; cz;Nlh? nghpa ehl;bd;
fhuzkhfg; Nghh; nra;tJ ,U gf;fj;jhUf;Fk; gopiaNa Vw;gLj;Jk; my;yth?
vdf; $wpdhd;.
ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;
Nfhgk; nfhz;L ciuf;fpd;w tPkid jUkd; rkhjhdg;gLj;Jfpd;w ghly;
,JthFk;.
 tPkdJ rpwg;Gf;fSk; ghlypy; ntspg;gLfpd;wd.
.  thAtpd; Gjy;td;. (thA Njtd; %yk; Fe;jpf;F gpwe;jtd;) .
 Mw;wy; tha;e;j Mz; rpq;fk; Nghd;wtd;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 152 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 14 - (jUkh; $w;W)
chpikAld; jk;gpah; md;W czh;T mwpahikapd;
mitf;fz; ciuj;j khw;wk;
ghpgtNkh Nfl;Nlhh;f;Fg; ghpgtk; vd;gJ
gpwuhy; gl;lhy; md;Nwh
fUjpy; ,J kw;W vth;;f;Fk; xt;thNj
fz; kyhpy; if glhNjh
nghU njhopYk; fil epyj;jpy; fple;jNj
vd nkhope;jhd; GfNo ©z;ghd;.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. mitf;fz; - murrig
2. ghpgtk; - mtkhdk;
3. xt;thJ - Vw;wjhfhJ
4. fz;kyh; - fz;zpik (fz;zhfpa kyh;)
5. filepyk; - filrp cghak;
6. G+z;ghd; - mzpe;jtd;
ghlypd; nghUs;
NkYk; jUkd;> ek; jk;gpah; chpikahYk; ey;y mwpT ,y;yhikahYk;
md;W rigapy; nrhd;d nrhy;iyf; Nfl;lth;f;F mtkhdj;ij mspg;gNjh?
mtkhdk; vd;gJ gpwuhy; cz;lhtJ my;yth? Muha;e;J ghh;j;jhy; gpwuhy;
cz;lhtJ kl;LNk mtkhdk;> vk; cwtpduhy; (ek;ktuhy;) Vw;gLtJ mtkhdk;
MfhJ. ,J cyfj;jth;fF ; rk;kjkhfhNjh? vy;NyhUf;Fk; rk;kjNk. xUtdpd;
jhkiu kyh; Nghd;w fz;zpy; mtdJ if glhNjh? Nghh;j; njhopYk; kd;du;f;Fhpa
,Wjp cghakhfNt fhzg;gLfpd;wJ vd GfioNa Mguzkhf mzpe;j jUkd;
nrhd;dhd;.
 ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;.
 Nfhgk; nfhz;L ciuj;j tPkid jUkd; rkhjhdk; nra;fpd;w
ghly; ,JthFk;.
jkJ cwtpduhy; Vw;gLtJ vy;yhk; mtkhdk; MfhJ vd jUkd;

,q;F ciuf;fpd;whd;.
 Nghh; njhopYk; murFyj;jtuhy; ,Wjp cghakhfNt
Kd;ndLf;fg;glNtz;baJ vd jUkd; ciuj;jhd;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 153 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; 15 - (tPkd; $w;W)
#Lfpd;w Joha; KbNahd; RuUlNd
Kdpth;fSk; RUjp ehd;Fk;
NjLfpd;w gjk; rptg;g jpU ehL
ngwj; JhJ nry;y Ntz;lh
thLfpd;w klg; ghit jd; tuKk;
vd; tuKk; tOth tz;zk;
NfhLfpd;w nkhopatd;ghy; vidj; JhJ
tpLf ,dp nfhw;w Nte;Nj.
mUk;gj tpsf;fk;
1. #Lfpd;w - mzpfpd;w.
2. Ruh; - Njth;
3. RUjp - Ntjk;
4. gjk; - jpUtb /jpUg;ghjk;.
5. klg;ghit - jpnusgjp
6. tOth - jtwhj.
7. NfhLfpd;w - jtWfpd;w
8. nfhw;wk; - ntw;wp
ghlypd; nghUs;
ntw;wp nghUe;jpa kd;dNd> jdJ jpUKbapy; Jsrp khiyia #bAs;s
fz;zd;> Njth;fSk; Kdpth;fSk; ehd;F Ntjq;fSk; ,d;dKk;
cz;ikawpahJ NjLfpd;w jd; jpUtbfs; rptf;f> nry;tk; cila ehl;il
ngWtjd; nghUl;L JhJ nry;y Ntz;bajpy;iy. tUe;Jfpd;w kq;ifahfpa
jpnusgjpapd; rgjKk; vdJ rgjKk; jtwhj tz;zk; ePjpapd;wp nrhd;d nrhy;
jtwpg; NgRk; JhpNahjddplk; ,dpNky; vd;idj; Jhjhf tpLg;ghahf> vd;whd;
tPkd;.
ghlypd; rpwg;Gf;fs;.
 Nghiu tpUk;gp epw;Fk; tPkdJ $w;whf ,g;ghly; mikfpd;wJ.
 md;W mur rigapy; jhd; Nkw;nfhz;l rgjKk;> jpnusgjp Nkw;nfhz;l
rgjKk; epiwNtw Ntz;Lkhapd; NghuhdJ epfo Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ tPkd;
KbthFk;.
 fz;zdJ ngUikfSk; ,q;F ntspg;gLfpd;wd..
 fz;zd; kPjhd tPkdJ gf;jpAk; ,q;F ntspg;gLfpd;wJ.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 154 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 FW tpdhtpilfs;
1. nra; tuhy; ,dk; cfYk; jpUehL
ngw epidNth nrd;W kPsg; igtuha;... 

m. ,q;F nra; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; nghUs; ahJ?


 tay;
M. jpUehL vdf; Fwpf;fg;gLk; ehL vJ?
m];jpdhGuk;

,. ,f;$w;W ahuhy; ciuf;fg;gl;lJ?


 fz;zdhy;
2. [tuhk; mtdpghh; epidT VJ vd;W
mUs; Ghpe;jhd; mkuh; Nfhkhd;... 
m. ,q;F [th; vdg;gLNthh; ahth;?
 gQ;rghz;lth;
M. mkuh; Nfhkhd; ,q;F ahh;?
 fz;zd;
3. faputKk; jhkiuAk; fko; godf;
FUehl;by; fye;J tho... 
m. faputk; vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; fUj;J ahJ?
 Mk;gy; kyh;
M. ,t;tbfspy; FUehl;bd; vj;jifa rpwg;G fhl;lg;gLfpwJ?
 ePh;tsr; rpwg;G
4.  caph; midaha; re;Jgl ciuj;jUs;tha;
vd;whd; mwj;jpd; cUtk; Nghy;td;... 
m. caph; midaha; vd Fwpg;gJ ,q;F ahiu?
 fz;zid
M. mwj;jpd; cUtk; Nghy;td; ahh;?
 jUkd;
5.  muT cah;j;NjhDld; kW#J Mb ePh; ntd;w
me;ehs; mtd; jhd; nrhd;d... 
m. muT cah;j;Njhd; vdg;gLgtd; ahh;?
 JhpNahjdd;
M. Nkw;gb ghj;jpuj;Jld; njhlh;Gila ,jpfhrk; vJ?
 kfhghujk;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 155 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


6.  ,Uepyj;ij Ms ,dpj; JzptNj
fld; vd;whd; vk; gpuhNd... 
m. ,Uepyk; vdg;gLk; ehL vJ?
 m];jpdhGuk;
M. gpuhd; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; nghUs; ahJ?
 jiytd; (,J fz;zidf; Fwpf;fpwJ)
7. FutiuAk; fpisiQiuAk; Fyj;J chpa
JiztiuAk; nfhd;W.. 
m. ,q;F fpisQh; vd;gjd; nghUs; ?
 cwtpdh;fs;
M. Futh; vdf; Fwpg;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 rhd;Nwhh;fs;
,. Fyj;Jf;Fupa Jiztu; ahu;?
 ghz;ltUk;> nfsutUk;
8. fuT ciwAk; kdj; jhij Kdpf;F ciuj;j
nkhopg;gbNa fhd; NjhWk;.. 
m. fuT ciwAk; kdj;jhij vd tpspf;fg;gLtJ ahh;?
 jpUjuhl;bdd;
M. ,t;tbfspy; Kdp vd Fwpg;gplg;gLgtJ ahh;?
 rQ;rad;
9. NfhJ ,yhd; ,e;jnkhop $WjYk;
khkhad; $wy; cw;whd;..
m. NfhJ ,yhd; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 Fw;wk; ,y;yhjtd; (,J jUkidf; Fwpf;fpwJ)
M. khkhad; vdf; fUjg;gLtJ ahiu?
 fz;zid (khkhad; - kpFe;j khia cilatd;)
10. eP J}J ele;J mUsp vkJ epidT
mth;f;F ciuj;jy;..
m. ,f;$w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F ciuf;fg;gl;lJ?
 jUkdhy; fz;zDf;F
M. mth;f;F vDk; nrhy; %yk; Rl;lg;gLNthu; ahth;?
 nfsuth;fs;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 156 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


11. Ke;J Ch; ntk; gzpf; nfhbNahd; %Jhhpy;
ele;J coth; Kd;wpy; NjhWk;... 
m. ,q;F ntk; gzpf; nfhbNahd; ahh;?
 JhpNahjdd;
M. %J}h; vdf; fUjg;gLk; ehL vJ?
 m];jpdhGuk;
12. ee;J CUk; Gdy; ehl;bd; jpwk; Ntz;L
ehL xd;Wk; ey;fhd; Mfpy;.. 
m. ee;J vd ,q;F Fwpf;Fk; nghUs;?
 rq;F
M. ,t;tbfspy; FUehl;bd; rpwg;G vt;thW fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ?
Kw;wq;fspy; vy;yhk; rq;Ffs; jto;e;J jpupfpd;w

ePu;tsk; epiwe;j ehL.
13. rpe;Jhuj; jpyf Ejy; rpe;Juj;jpd;
kUg;G xrpj;j nrq;fz; khNy…
m. ,q;F nrq;fz; khy; vdg;gLtJ ahiu?
 fz;zid
M. rpe;J}uk; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; ,U nghUs;?
 FtyahgPlk; vDk; ahid
 xU tif jpyfk;
14. %j;Njhd; kw;W ,it ciug;g ,isNahd;
ntQ;rpdk; kdj;jpy; %s%s.. 
m. ,q;F %j;Njhd; vdg;gLgtd; ahh;?
 jUkd;
M. ,isNahd; vdg;gLgtd; ahh;?
 tPkd;
15.  tphp Foy; ige;njhb ehzp Ntj;jitapy;
KiwapL ehs;.. 
m. ,q;F ige;njhb vd Fwpg;gp;lg;gLtJ ?
 jpnusgjp
M. Ntj;jit vd;gjd; fUj;J?
 murrig
,. tphpFoy; vd;gJ vt;tif njhif?
 tpidj;njhif (tpupe;j Foy;> tpupfpd;w Foy;> tpupAk;
Foy;)

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 157 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


16.  Qhyk; vy;yhk; G+j;NjhNd G+e;jtprpy;
G+it Gzh; kzpkhh;gh>...
m. ,q;F Qhyk; vy;yhk; gilj;jtd; ahh;?
 fz;zd;
M. g+e;jtpR vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 kyu; Mrdk;
,. G+it vdg;gLgtJ ,q;F ahh;?
 jpUkfs;/kfhyl;Rkp
<. jpUkfs; Nrh;e;jpUf;Fk; khh;ig cilatd;?
 jpUkhy;/fz;zd;
c. fz;zd; jd; khh;gpy; mzpe;Js;s kzp ahJ?
 nfsj;Jg kzp
17. muT cah;Njhd; nfhLikapDk; KuR cah;j;Njha;
cdJ mUSf;F mQ;rpNdNd.. 
m. muT cah;j;Njhd; ,q;F ahh;?
 JhpNahjdd;
M. KuR cah;j;Njhd; vdg;gLgtd; ahh;?
 jUkd;
18.  fhd; Ms cid tpLj;j fz; ,yh
mUspypjd; fhjy; ike;jd;..
m. fz; ,yh mUspsp ,q;F ahh;?
 jpUjuhl;bdd;
M. fhjy; ike;jd; vdf; fUJtJ ahiu?
 JhpNahjdd;
19. thd; Ms thdth; Nfhd; jd; gjk; kw;W
mtd; jdf;Nf toq;FNtNd... 
m. ,f;$w;W ahuhy; $wg;gl;lJ?
 tPkdhy;
M. ,q;F thdth; Nfhd; vdg;gLtJ?
 ,e;jpud;
,. ,e;jpudpd; jiyefukhf fUjg;gLtJ?
 mkuhtjp

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 158 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


20.mkh; nghUJ Gyk;GW nrhy; ghQ;rhyp
g+e;jz; $e;jy;fhh; Kbj;jhd;... 
m. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?
 tPkdhy; fz;zDf;F
M. $e;jy; fhh; vd;gjpy; cs;s mzp ahJ?
 cUtfk; - $e;jyhfpa Nkfk;
23. flTs; fq;if ePh; Kbj;jhd; ,uT xopj;j
eP mwpa..
m. fq;if ePh; Kbj;jhd; vdg;gLtJ ahiu?
 rptd;
M. fq;if ePu; Kbj;jhd; ,uT xopj;jJ ahu;?
 jpUkhy; (fz;zd;)
,. ,uT xopj;j vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 ,uj;jy; njhopiy ePf;fpa
24.  ghpTld; kw;W ,it $Wk; gtd Fkhuid
kyh;f;if gzpj;J Nehf;fp.. 
m. ,jpy; gtd Fkhud; vdg;gLtJ ahh;?
 tPkd; (gtdk; vd;why; fhw;W)
M. kyh;f;if vd;gjpy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s mzp ahJ?
 ctikazp – kyh; Nghd;w if
26. #Lfpd;w Joha; KbNahd; RuUlNd
Kdpth;fSk; RUjp ehd;Fk;... 
m. #Lfpd;w Joha; KbNahd; ,q;F ahh;?
 fz;zd;
M. Ruh; vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; fUj;J ahJ?
 Njth;
27. NfhLfpd;w nkhopatd;ghy; vidj; JhJ
tpLf ,dp nfhw;w Nte;Nj... 
m. NfhLfpd;w nkhopatd; vdf; Fwpg;gJ ahiu?
 JhpNahjdd;
M. nfhw;w Nte;jd; vdg;gLgtd; ahh;?
 jUkd;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 159 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
01. fpU\;zd; J}Jr;rUf;fk; gFjpapy; fpU\;zd; ghz;lthplk; tpdtpa
tplaq;fs; vit ?
ghz;lth;fsplk; jpUjuhl;bdd; rhh;ghf rQ;rad; J}J te;J
nrd;w gpd;G ghz;lth; Ithplj;jpYk; fpU\;zd; mth;fsJ
kdf;fUj;Jf;fis tpdTfpd;whh;. fpU\;zd; mt;thW tpdtpait>
 tsk; kpFe;j FU ehl;bid rkhjhdkhfg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s
tpUg;gNkh?
 my;yJ kPz;Lk; fhl;bw;F nrd;W Jd;gk; mDgtpg;gtuha;
miye;J jphptjw;F tpUg;gNkh?
 my;yJ nfsuth;fSld; Nghh; nra;J ehl;bid ngw;Wf; nfhs;s
vz;zNkh? vd fpU\;zd; ghz;lthplk; tpdTfpd;whd;.
“ nra;tuhy; ,dk; cfOk; jpUehL ngw epidNth
nrd;W kPsg; igtuha; mUq;fhdpy; .
gapd;W jphpju epidNth...”
vdj; njhlq;Fk; ghly; mbfs; thapyhf ,jid ,q;F fhzyhk;
02. ,g;ghly; gFjpapy;> fpU\;zid jUkd; J}J mDg;g Kw;gl;lilf;fhd
fhuzq;fs; vit.?
JhpNahjddplk; ghz;ltUf;fhd ,uhl;rpaj;ij toq;Fk; gbAk;
mtdJ ,Wjpahd KbtpidAk; Nfl;L tUk; nghUl;L JhJ mDg;Gk;
Kaw;rpapy; jUkd; ,Wjpapy; fpU\;zidNa J}J mDg;g KbT
nra;fpd;whd;. mjw;fhd fhuzq;fis Nehf;Fk; NghJ>
 jh;kk;> ePjp vd;gd gw;wp ed;F mwpe;jtd; fpU\;zd;.
 ghz;lth; eydpy; kpFe;j mf;fiw cilatd; fpU\;zd;.
 midtUf;Fk; ePjpia vLj;Jiug;gjpy; ty;ytdhf jpfo;gtd;.
 fpU\;zdpd; thh;j;ijfis JhpNahjdd; kWf;fkhl;lhd; vd;gJ
jUkd; vz;zk;.
 rhk> jhd> jz;l> Ngjk; vd;gtw;wpy; Njh;r;rpAilatd; fz;zd;
nfhLikahd Nghhpdhy; ngUk; tpisTfs; Vw;gLk; vd;gjdhy; rkhjhdk;
nfhz;L nfsuth;fSk; ghz;lth;fSk; FUehl;by; Nrh;e;J tho
topnra;Ak; tifapy; fz;zid jUkd; J}J mDg;g Kw;gLfpd;whd;.
“ eP J}J ele;jUsp vkJ epidT mth;f;F ciuj;jhy;…
“ faputKk; jhkhiuAk; fko;godf; FUehl;by;
fye;J tho caph; midaha; re;Jgl
ciuj;jUs; vd;whd; mwj;jpd; cUtk; Nghy;thd;…
vDk; nra;As; mbfs; thapyhf ,jid fhzyhk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 160 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


03. ,g;ghlg;gFjpapy;> fz;zdpd; ngUikfs; ntspg;gLkhw;wpid
njspTWj;Jf?
fpUl;bzd; J}Jr;rUf;fj;jpy; fpU\;zdJ ngUikfs; moFw
ntspg;gLtijg; ghly;fs; gytw;wpy; fhzyhk;. kfhghujj;jpd; gpujhd
ghj;jpuq;fspy; xd;whf tpsq;FtJ fpU\;zd; vDk; ghj;jpukhFk;.
mj;jifa fpU\;zdJ ngUikfis ,q;F Nehf;FNthk;.
 ,e;jpud; cl;gl;l Kg;gj;J Kf;Nfhb Njth;fspd; jiytdhf
tpsq;Fgtd;.
“ mUs; Ghpe;jhd; mkuh; Nfhkhd;…”
 vkf;nfy;yhk; jiytdhf tpsq;Fgtd;.
“ fld; vd;whd; vk;gpuhNd…”
 kpFe;j khia cilatd;. khaq;fs; GhptjpNy mRuh;fis
tplTk; ty;yik nfhz;ltd;. Mifahy; khatd;> khNahd; vdTk;
ngah;fis ngWfpd;wtd;.
“ khkhad; $wy; cw;whd;…”
 FtyahgPlk; vDk; ahidapd; nfhk;gpid xbj;jtd;.
“ rpe;Juj;jpd; kUg;G xrpj;j nrq;fz; khNy…”
 rpte;j fz;fisAilatd; vd $wg;gLgtd;.
“ nrq;fz; khNy…”
 cyfk; KOtijAk; jdJ ehgpf;fkyj;jpy; (nfhg;gpopypUe;J)
,Ue;J cz;lhf;fpatd;.
“ Qhyk; vy;yhk; G+j;NjhNd…”
 nre;jhkiuapy; tPw;wpUf;fpd;w jpUkfshfpa kfhyl;Rkp
tpUk;gKld; mkh;e;jpUf;fpd;w khh;gpid cilatd;> mj;Jld; nfsj;Jgk;
vDk; kzpia mzpe;j khh;gpid cilatd;.
“ g+e;jtprpy; G+it Gzh; kzp khh;gh…”
 milath;fspd; Jd;gq;fis vy;yhk; ePf;fp mUs;fpd;wtd;.
“ Gd;ik ahTk; jPhj
; ;NjhNd…”
 rptgpuhdJ ,uj;jy; njhopiy (gpr;irj; njhopy;) ,y;yhky;
nra;jtd;> ,y;yhJ xopj;jtd;.
“ flTs; fq;if ePh; Kbj;jhd; ,uT xopj;j eP mwpa…”
 jdJ jpUKbapy; thriz kpFe;j Jsrp khiyia
mzpe;jpUg;gtd;.
“ #Lfpd;w Joha; KbNahd;…”

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 161 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 Njth;fSk;> Kdpth;fSk;> ehy; Ntjq;fSk; ,d;dKk; cz;ik
epiy mwpahJ NjLfpd;w nkd;ikahd jpUtbfis cilatd;.
“RuUlNd Kdpth;fSk; RUjp ehd;Fk; NjLfpd;w gjk; rptg;g…”
,t;thW> ghz;lthpd; Ntz;LjYf;F mika nfsuth;fsplk; J}J
nrd;wtDk;> kiwfis fle;J epd;w kiwNahDkhfpa rpte;j fz;fisf;
nfhz;l fz;zdJ ngUikfisAk; rpwg;Gf;fisAk; tpy;ypGj;J}uho;thh;
moFw ntspg;gLj;jpAs;shh;.
04. ,g;gFjpapy; jUkdpd; nghWik (jUkdpd; rkhjhd kdepiy)
vt;thW ntspg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.?
fpU\;zd; J}Jr;rUf;fk; vDk; ,g;gFjapy; jUkdJ rkhjhdj;ij
tpUk;Gk; kdepiyAk;> mtdJ nghWikAk; moFw ntspg;gLfpd;wJ.
Nghhpdhy; Vw;gLk; tpisTfis vz;zpg;ghh;j;J FU ,uhl;rpaj;jpy;
jkf;fhd gq;fpid rkhjhdkhf ngWtjw;F Kw;gLfpd;whh; jUkd;.
,t;thW jUkdJ nghWikAk; rkhjhd kdg;ghq;Fk; ntspg;gLk;
jd;ikapid ,q;F Nehf;FNthk;.
 Nghh; GhpahJ FUehl;by; nfsuth;fSld; xd;whf
fye;Jtho tpUk;gpatd;.
 rhd;Nwhh;fisAk; cwtpdh;fisAk; xU Fyj;J
rNfhjuh;fisAk; nfhd;W Ml;rpia ngWtij fhl;bYk; fhl;by; nrd;W
tho;tNj Nky; vd fUjpatd;

Fsph;r;rp nghUe;jpa FUehlhfpa m];jpdhGhpia ngWk;
nghUl;L fpU];zid rkhjhd J}J mDg;g KbTnra;jtd;.
 Kjypy; rkhjhdj;ij Nkw;nfhz;L mJ epiwNtwhj
re;jh;g;gj;jpy; Nghh; nra;tJ gopia Vw;gLj;jhJ vdf; fUjpatd;.
 JhpNahjddplk; gbg;gbahf jkf;Fhpa Ml;rp chpikia
Ntz;Lk; gb fpU];zdplk; Ntz;Lfpd;whd;.
 FUehl;bd; ghfj;ij jUkhW Ntz;Ljy;
 [e;J Ch;fis jUkhW Ntz;Ljy;
 [e;J ,y;yq;fis jUkhW Ntz;Ljy;
,J jUkdpd; nghWikapid ntspg;gLj;Jk; rpwg;ghd ,lkhFk;.
 tPkd; Nfhgk; nfhz;L Nghhpid typAWj;jp ciuf;Fk;
NghJ mtd; kPJ Nfhgk; nfhs;shJ mtid rkhjhdg;gLj;jpatd;.
 nghpa ehl;bd; fhuzkhf Nghh; nra;tJ ,U
gf;fj;jth;fSf;Fk; ngUk; gopia Vw;gLj;Jk; vd gzpthf tPkDf;F
ciuj;jtd;.
 NkYk; jkf;F Jd;gk; ,ioj;j JhpNahjdd; Kjypa
nfsuth;fisAk; jk;Kld; gpwe;j jk;gpauha; fUjp mth;fs; md;W
rigapy; nra;j nray;fis mtkhdkhf fUjf;$lhJ vd;gij tPkDf;F
ciuj;jtd;
 Nghh; njhopyhdJ kd;dh; Fyj;jth;fspd; ,Wjp
cghakhfNt tpsq;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gJk; jUkddpd; nghWikia
ntspf;fhl;Lk; $w;whFk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 162 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


05. tPkdJ Nfhgk; my;yJ Nghiu tpUk;Gk; tPkdJ kdepiy vt;thW
ntspg;gLfpd;wJ.?
ghz;lth;fspy; ,uz;lhktDk; ngUk; gyk; nghUe;jpatDk;
thAtpd; ike;jDkhfpa tPkdJ Nfhgk; my;yJ ntQ;rpdk; ntspg;gLk;
jd;ik gw;wp tpy;ypGj;J}uho;thh; ,q;F moFw vLj;Jf; fhl;bAs;shh;. mj;
jd;ik gw;wp ,q;Nf Nehf;FNthk;.
 jUkdpd; rkhjhdg; Ngr;rpid Nfl;L jd; cs;sj;jpy; mlf;f Kbahj
NfhgkhdJ mjpfhpf;f jdJ ehtpy; ,Ue;J ntsptUk; Fw;wkpy;yhj
nrhw;fs; jLkhWk; gbahf rpdk; nfhz;lhd; tPkd;.
“ %j;Njhd ;,t;thW ciug;g ,isNahd; .
ntQ;rpdk; kdj;jpNy %s%s .
ehj;Njhk; ,y; ciu gjw....
vDk; ghlybfspy; mjidf; fz;Lnfhs;s KbAk;.
 jkf;F Vw;gl;;l mtkhdq;fis kwe;J rkhjhdj;ij tpUk;Gfpd;w
jUkid khdkpy;yhjtd; ,t;thW ciug;gjw;F vd;d nra;tJ vd tPkd;
fz;zdplk; $Wfpd;whd;. ,JTk; tPkdpd; Nfhgj;jpd; ntspg;ghNlahFk;.
 jpnusgjp rigapy; JfpYhpag;gLk; Ntisapy; ntl;fkile;J mOJ
vk;kplk; Kiwapl;l NghJ jdpj;jdpahf vk; ehy;tiuAk; (tPkd;>
mh;r;Rdd;> eFyd;> rfhNjtd;) Nfhgpf;f Ntz;lhk; vd jLj;jha;.
mr;nrayhy; vkf;Fk; vk; Fyj;Jf;Fk; jPuhj ngUk; gopia Vw;gLj;jp
tpl;lha; vd;W tPkd; Nfhgk; nfhs;fpd;whd;.
 nfhba fhl;bNy gd;dpuz;L Mz;Lfs; fopj;j gpd;dUk; Xuhz;L
kiwe;J tho;e;j fhyg;gFjp (mQ;Qhjthrk;) vd;gd ePq;fpa gpwFk;
gifth;fshd JhpNahjdhjpah;fis nfhy;tjw;F gpd; epw;fpd;wha;.
vd tPkd; jUkid Nehf;fp Nfhgj;Jld; ,t;thh;j;ijfis
ciuf;fpd;whd;. ,jid>
“ tphpFoy; ige;njhb ehzp Ntj;jitapy;
KiwapL ehs; ntFNsy; vd;W
kugpDf;Fk; ekf;Fk; cyF cs;s msTk;
jPuhj tirNa fz;lha; vhp joy; fhdfk;
mfd;Wk; ,d;dKk; ntk; gif ,isah epd;wha;..
vDk; ghly; thapyhf mwpe;J nfhs;syhk;.
 jk;ik fhl;bw;F mDg;gpa JhpNahjdid NghhpNy nfhd;W mtd;
ek;kplk; ,Ue;J ngw;Wf;nfhz;l ehL kw;Wk; nry;tq;fs; midj;ijAk;
ngw;Wj;jUtJld; JhpNahjdd; ntWg;gilah tz;zk; mtDf;F
,e;jpudpd; jiyefuhfpa mkuhtjp efiu toq;FNtd; vd jd; tPuj;jpid
ntQ;rpdkhf tPkd; ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;whd;.
“ thd; Ms thdth; Nfhd;
gjk; kw;W mtd; jdf;Nf toq;FNtNd...
 jUkid Nehf;fp mtd; nra;J Kbf;fNtz;ba tpilaq;fis
epidTgLj;Jk; tifapy; mit midj;ijAk; nra;J Kbj;J tpl;lhd;
vd kiwKfkhf mjhtJ tQ;rfg; Gfo;r;rpahf jd; Nfhgj;jpid
ntspg;gLj;Jfpwhd;. mtw;iw Nehf;Fk; NghJ>

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 163 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 Nghhpid Kbj;Jtpl;lhd;.
 jpnusgjpapd; mtpo;e;j $e;jiy Kbe;J tpl;lhd;.
 md;W m];jpdhGu rigapy; jk;gpah; nra;j
 rgjq;fis .epiwNtwr; nra;Jtpl;lhd;
 epiyj;J epw;fpd;w gopaw;w ngUk; Gfiog; .
ngw;Wtpl;lhd;.
,tw;iw vy;yhk; epiwNtw;w Ntz;Lkhapd; NghuhdJ epfoNtz;baJ
mtrpak; vd;gijAk; tPkdJ Nfhgk; czh;j;Jfpd;wJ.
 tPuk; nfhz;L ,Ugf;fj;J gilfSk; mzptFj;J tUk; Nghhpy;
JhpNahjdDf;F Jizahf tUfpd;w murh;fis nfhd;W vkJ gifia
mopj;J vkf;Fhpa Ml;rp chpikAila ehl;bid ngw;Wf; nfhs;s
Ntz;Lk;. vdTk; jUkdplk; Nfhgk; nfhz;L tPkd; ciuf;fpd;whd;.
,t;thW fpU\;zd; J}Jr; rUf;fk; vDk; ,g;gFjpapd; thapyhf
tPkdJ NfhgKk; Vw;gl;l mtkhdj;jpw;F gop jPh;f;Fk; tifapy;
Nghhpid tpUk;Gk; mtdJ kdepiyAk; fz;zd; kPJ nfhz;l gf;jpAk;
,q;F njspTWfpd;wJ.
06. tPkid rkhjhdk; nra;Ak; tifapy; jUkd; $wpa thh;j;ijfs;
vit.?
tPkdJ Nfhgkhd thh;j;ijfis Nfl;l jUkd; mtdJ
Nfhgj;jpid jzpj;J mtid rkhjhdg;gLj;Jtjw;F ,dpikahd
nrhw;fis ciuf;fpd;whd;.
tPkid Nehf;fp „ kd;dhpy; Nghh; Mw;wy; cila rpq;fk; Nghd;wtNd>
Fw;wq;fisNa ghh;j;Jf; nfhz;bUg;gpd; vkf;F cwTfs; vd;gNj
,y;yhky; Ngha;tpLk;. NkYk; xU Fyj;jpy; gpwe;j nfsuth;fSk;
ghz;lth;fshfpa ehKk; NtWghbd;wp tho;tJ ed;ik jUthjhFk;.
mJkl;Lkd;wp nghpa ehl;bd; fhuzkhf rNfhjuh;fshfpa ehk; Nghh;
nra;tJ gopia Vw;gLj;JtjhFk; vd jUkd; $Wfpwhd;.
“ FUFyj;Njhh; Nghh; VNw Fw;wkJ
ghh;f;Fq;fhy; Rw;wk; ,y;iy
xU Fyj;jpy; gpwe;jhh;fs; cld; thOk;
tho;tpidg; Nghy; cWjp cz;Nlh
,UtUf;Fk; tir md;Nwh ,U epyk;
fhuzkhf vjph;g;gJ vd;whd;...
vDk; ghly; %yk; ,j;jd;ikia fhzyhk;.
NkYk; mtkhdk; vd;gjw;F jFe;j cjhuzj;jpid tPkDf;F
$Wfpd;w jd;ikapidAk; ,q;F fhzyhk;. mtkhdk; vd;gJ gpwuhy;
cz;lhtJ> vdNt vkJ cwtpduhy; Vw;gLgtd mtkhdk; MfhJ.
mtkhdk; vd;gJ cyfj;jhh; vy;NyhUf;Fk; rkkhdjhFk;. xUtUila
jhkiu Nghd;w fz; ,ikapy; jd; if gLtJ ,y;iyNah> vdNt
mjid Fw;wk; vdf; $wTk; KbahJ. Mfahy; Nghh; GhptJk; mur
Fyj;jhh;fspd; ,Wjp cghakhfj;jhd; ifahsg;gl Ntz;bajhFk; vd
jUkd; tPkid Nehf;fp ciuf;fpd;whd;.
“ nghU njhopYk; fil epyj;jpy; fple;jNj vd
nkhope;jhd; GfNo G+z;ghd;..”
vDk; nra;As; thapyhf ,j;jd;ikapid fhzyhk;.
jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 164 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil
07. FUehl;bd; rpwg;Gf;fs; ntspg;gLk; jd;ikapidj; njspTWj;Jf?
fpUl;bzd; J}Jr; rUf;fj;jpy; FU ehl;bd; rpwg;Gf;fs;
ntspg;gl;bUg;gjid ghly;fspy; fhzyhk;. FU tk;rj;jth;fspd; (re;jpu
tk;rk;) ehlhf tpsq;Ffpd;wikahy; ,J FU ehL vdg;gLfpd;wJ. ,e;
ehl;bd; ngah; m];jpdhGuk; vd;gjhFk;. NkYk; ghz;lth;fs; kw;Wk;
nfsuth;fs; ,U gphptpdUf;Fk; Ml;rp chpikaAs;s ehlhf tpsq;FtJk;
,JthFk;. ,e; ehl;bd; nghUl;Nl ghz;;lth; nfsuth;fSf;F ,ilapNy
kfhghujg; NghNu eilngw;wJk; Fwpg;gp;;lj;jf;fjhFk;. vdNt ,t;thwhd
FUehl;bd; rpwg;Gf;fis Nehf;Fk; NghJ..>
 tay;fspy; tuhy; ,d kPd;fs; cyhTfpd;w mofpa ehlhf
tpsq;FtJ.
 Mk;gy; kyh;fSk; jhkiuAk; kzk; tPRfpd;w tay;fisAila
ehlhFk;.
“ faputKk; jhkiuAk; fko; godf; FUehl;by;…”

 kyh; ,jo;fis jk; thahy; Cjp tz;Lfs; xyp vOg;Gfpd;w


Fsph;r;rp nghUe;jpa ehL.
 coth;fspd; ,y;yq;fspd; Kw;wq;fspy; vy;yhk; rq;Ffs;
jtOfpd;w ePh;tsk; nghUe;jpa ehL.
“ coth; Kd;wpy; NjhWk; ee;J CUk; Gdy; ehl;bd;…”

 goik tha;e;j ePz;l fhy Ml;rp rpwg;gpid cila rpwg;Gila


goikahd ehlhf tpsq;FtJ.
“ Ke;J Ch; ntk;gdpf; nfhbNahd; %J}hpy;…”

 ghz;Ltpd; Gjy;thud jUkd; Kjyhd [tUf;Fk; jpUjuhl;bdd;


Gjy;tuhd JhpNahjdd; Kjyhd E}W NgUf;Fk; Ml;rp chpikAila
ehlhftpsq;FtJ.
,t;thW FUehlhfpa m];jpdhGuj;jpd; rpwg;Gf;fis moFw
tpy;ypGj;J}uho;thh; ntspg;gLj;jpAs;shh;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 165 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


08. ,g;gFjpapy; jUkdpd;; Fzg;gz;Gfisf; Fwpg;gpLf?
jUkdpd; Fzg;gz;Gfs;
 jh;kk; kw;Wk; mwj;jpd; tbkhf jpfo;gtd;.
 jh;k topia tpl;L mjh;k topapy; vd;Wk; elthjtd;.
 Nghhpid tpUk;ghjtd;. (mjd; tpisTfis vz;zpg;ghh;j;jikahy;.)
 rkhjhdj;ijNa vg;NghJk; tpUk;Ggtd;.
 cwtpdiu nfhy;tijf; fhl;bYk; fhl;by; nrd;W tho;tNj Nky; vdf;
$wpatd;.
 gpw caph;fs; kPJ ,uf;fKilatd;.
 Fw;wkpy;yhj cs;sKilatd;.
 FUehl;by; nfsuth;fSld; rkhjhdkhf Nrh;e;J tho tpUk;gpatd;
 Nghh; nra;tJ ,Ugf;fj;jhUf;Fk; gopia Vw;gLj;Jk; vd mQ;rpatd;
 jd; rNfhjuh;fshy; Vw;gLtij mtkhdkhf fUjhjtd;
 gbg;gbahf rkhjhd Kaw;rpia Nkw;nfhz;L mjd; gpd; Nghh; GhptJ
rpwe;jJ vd vz;zpatd;.
 Nghh;j;njhopy; vd;gJ kd;dth;f;Fhpa ,Wjp cghaNk vd;gij
tPkDf;F vLj;Jiuj;jtd;.
09. ,g;gFjpapy; tPkdpd;; Fzg;gz;Gfisf; njspTWj;Jf?
,g;gFjpapy; tPkd; Fwpj;j Fzg;gz;Gfs; gy rpwg;ghd
Kiwapy; ntspg;gLfpd;w jd;ikapid gpd;tUkhW Nehf;fyhk;.
 thAtpd; ike;jd; - gtd Fkhud;.
 FUFyj;jpy; Njhd;wp muru;fspy; Mz; rpq;fk; Nghd;wtd;
 jUkdpd; rkhjhd thh;j;ijfis Nfl;L rpdk; nfhz;ltd;.
 Nghiu mjpfk; tpUk;Gk; kdepiy nfhz;ltd;
 jUkdpd; nraiyAk; mtdJ rkhjhdkhd thh;j;ijfisAk; Nfl;L
mtw;iw ntWj;J tir kio nghope;jtd;
 jd; tPuj;jpid nfhz;L JhpNahjdid nfhd;W Ml;rpia ngw;Wj;
jUNtd; vd jUkdplk; #Oiuj;jtd;
 fz;zd; kPJ gf;jpAk; md;Gk; nfhz;ltd;
jpnusgjp rigapy; JfpYhpag;gl;l rkak; jhk; nra;j rgjq;fis
mz;zd; jUkDf;F epidgLj;jpatd;
 jd;id JupNahjddplk; J}J tpLkhW jUkdplk; Ntz;batd;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 166 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


10. ,g;gFjpapy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s mzpfs; gw;wp Fwpg;gpLf?
,g;gFjpapy; nra;As;fspy; ctik kw;Wk; cUtf mzpfs;
ntspg;gLk; jd;ikia Nehf;FNthk;.
 ctik mzpfs;
 jUkd; mwj;jpd; cUtj;ij Nghd;wtd;.
“ mwj;jpd; cUtk; Nghy;td;..”
ctkhdk; - mwk;
ctNkak; - jUkd;
nghJj;jd;ik - mwk;
 gifikahd jPia kpFjpahf %l;b tsh;j;jhy; cah;e;j %q;fpy;
fhLfs; jhdhfNt mope;J Nghtij Nghy Nghhpy; ,U gf;fj;jtUk;
,wj;jy;.
“ taputk; vDk; RLneUg;ig kpf%l;b tsu;f;fpd;
cau;tiuf;fhL vd;d..”
ctkhdk; - %q;fpy; fhL mopjy;
ctNkak; - ghz;lth;> nfsuth; mopjy;
nghJj;jd;ik - mopT .
 gRikahd nfhb Nghd;w nkd;ikahdts; jpnusgjp
ctkhdk; - grpa nfhb
ctNkak; - jpnusgjp
nghJj;jd;ik - nkd;ik
 jUkdpd; iffs; kyh; Nghd;w iffs;
“ kyu;f;if gzpj;J Nehf;fp..”
ctkhdk; - kyh;
ctNkak; - jUkd; iffs;
nghJj;jd;ik - nkd;ik> moF
 tPkd; FUFyj;jpy; Njhd;wpa kd;dhpy; rpq;fk; Nghd;wtd;.
“ FUFyj;Njhu; Nghu; VNw..”
ctkhdk; - rpq;fk;
ctNkak; - tPkd;
nghJj;jd;ik - tPuk;. typik
 cUtf mzpfs;.
fz;kyh; - fz; kyuhf cUtfpf;fg;gly;
$e;jy; fhh; - $e;jy; kio Nkfkhf cUtfpf;fg;gly;
.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 167 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


11. tpy;ypGj;J}uho;thhpd; ftpj;Jtr; rpwg;G> nkhopeilr; rpwg;G gw;wp
njspTWj;Jf.?
nghJthf ,jpfhrq;fspy; ntspg;Lk; ftpj;Jt rpwg;Gf;fs;
eak; kpf;fjhf mikAk; . mt;tifapy; kfhghujj;jpid jkpopy;
eak;glg; ghba tpy;ypGj;J}uho;thh;> fpU\;zd; J}Jr;rUf;fk; gFjpapy;
jd; ftpr;rpwg;Gf;fis ntspg;gLj;jpAs;shh;. mj; jd;ik gw;wp
Nehf;FNthkhapd;>
 tpUj;jg;ghit rpwg;ghf ifahz;Ls;sik.
 vspikahd nrhw;gpuNahfk; ifahsg;gl;bUj;jy;
 Xireak; kpf;fjhf ghly;fs; mike;jpUj;jy;
 mzpfis Njitf;Nfw;g ghly;fspy; ,izj;Js;sik.
- ctikazp
- . - cUtfmzp
 njhifepiyfisAk; ,il,ilNa gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;
 tlnkhopr; nrhw;fisAk; fye;jjhd kzpg;gpuths nkhopeilia
ifahz;bUj;jy;
cjhuzk; - faputk;> re;J> muT> #J> Ejy;> RUjp
 Guhz ,jpfhrf; fijfis ,g; gFjpapy; fpisf;fijfshf
ghly;fspy; ,izj;jpUj;jy;.
cjhuzk; - rptdJ ,uj;jy; njhopiy ePff
; paik
ahidapd; je;jj;ij xbj;jik
 gf;jpr; Ritapid ghly;fspy; ntspg;gLj;jpapUj;jy;.
 ,jpfhr fjhghj;jpuq;fis ,izj;jpUj;jy;.
 ,iw gf;jp czh;it gbg;gth; kdjpy; Vw;gLj;Jk; nkhopeil

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 168 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


jj;ij tpLJ}J
. myF 08
 jkpo; ,yf;fpaj;jpy; 96 tifahd rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fs; cs;sd. mtw;wpy; J}Jg;
gpuge;jKk; xd;whFk;.
 jj;ij tpLJ}J Rit kpf;fjhd xU ftpijj; njhFg;ghFk;.
 ,jd; Mrphpah; jp.j rutzKj;Jg;gps;is.
 jj;ij vd;why; fpsp. fpspiaj; J}J mDg;gpaikahy;
,J jj;ij tpLJ}J vdg;gLfpd;wJ
 ,f;ftpijapd; Clhf ftpQh; ngz;zbikj;jdk; kw;Wk; ngz;tpLjiy
Fwpj;j fUj;Jf;fis ntspg;gLj;jpAs;shh;
ghly; - 01
Njd; Xq;F ©k; nghJk;gh; nrwpe;J gRk; jio gug;gp
thd; Xq;F Njkhtpy; thOk; igq;fpspNa
khd; Vq;F iktpop vd; tQ;rpapilg; ige;njhbghy;
ehd; <q;F GfOk; nkhop ey;fpspNa $whNa
eq;if mts; ghy; nrd;W eyk;ngw eP $whNa.
mUk;gjk;
1. Njd; Xq;F - Njd; epiwe;j
2. nghJk;gh; - Nrhiy
3. tQ;rpapil - tQ;rpf;nfhb Nghd;w ,il
4. GfYk; - nrhy;Yk;
5. jio - fpis
nghUs;
Njd; epiwe;j G+Q;Nrhiyapy; nropg;Gld; gRikahd fpis gug;gp thDau
tsh;e;Js;s> ,dpa fdpfs; nfhz;l khkuj;jpy; thOfpd;w ,sikahd fpspNa>
khd; Vq;fp epw;Fk; ikG+rg;gl;l fz;fisAk; tQ;rpf;nfhb Nghd;w
,ilapidAk; cila gRikahd tisay;fis mzpe;j vd; fhjypaplk;> ehd;
,t;tplj;jpy; cdf;Fr; nrhy;gtw;iw me;jg; ngz;zplk; nrd;W ed;ik
milAkhW eP $Wthahf.
ghly; - 02
nrq;fky ths; tpopahs; Nrh;f;ff; fUJk; ctd;
kq;if jdf;F Vw;w kzthsNdh Gfyha;
eq;if epiyf;F Vw;w elf;fy; mtNdh Gtpapy;
nfhq;F kyh; khiy Fuq;fpw;F mspg;ghNuh
Nfhijaplk; ,k; khw;wk; $Wjpahy; igq;fpspNa
mUk;gjk;
nrq;fkyk; - nre;jhkiu
tyNdh - ty;ytNdh
nfhq;F kyh; khiy - thriz kpf;f kyh; khiy

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 169 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


nghUs;
nre;jhkiu Nghd;w KfKk;> ths;Nghd;w xsptPRk; fz;fSk;
cilatsplk; Nrh;j;Jtpl epidf;fpd;w ,td;> mtSf;F Vw;w fztd; jhNdh
vd;gijf; $Wthahf. mtsJ jFjpf;F Vw;g elf;ff; $ba ty;yik
cilatNdh> G+kpapy; ahuhtJ thridkpf;f kyh;khiyiaf; Fuq;fplk;
nfhLg;ghNuh> me;jg; ngz;zplk; ,e;j tpilaq;fisg; gRikahd fpspNa
$Wthahf.
ghly; - 03
%lUf;Fk; NglUf;Fk; KjpNahh; nkypNahh;f;Fk;
NjlUk; ey; ,uj;jpdk; Nghy; njhpitaiur; Nrh;j;JtNuh
gPLila fy;tp eyk; ngw;wpUf;Fk; thypgh; ahk;
NtLtiu Ntl;NgNkh tpsk;gha; gRq;fpspNa
tpUk;GtNkh re;epahrk; tpsk;gha; gRq;fpspNa.
mUk;gjk;
%lh; - Kl;lhs;
Nglh; - mwptpyy
; hjth;
nkypNahh; - vspath;fs;
gPL - ngUik
Ntl;NghNkh - tpUk;GNthNkh
nghUs;
Kl;lhs;fs;> mwptpy;yhjth;> Kjpath;fs;> vspath;fs; ,th;fSf;F
NjLtjw;Fhpa ey;y ,uj;jpdk; Nghd;w ngz;fis kzKbj;J itg;ghh;fNsh?
ngUikkpf;f fy;tpapd; ed;ikiag; ngw;wpUf;Fk; thypgh;fs; ehq;fs;>
fy;tpaw;wth;fis (NtLth;) tpUk;GNthNkh? nrhy;tha; gRq;fpspNa> my;yJ
nghUj;jkhd ngz; fpilf;fhtpl;lhy; JwT tho;tpid tpUk;GNthNkh?
nrhy;tha; gRikahd fpspNa.
ghly; - 04
ngz; mUik jhd; mwpahg; NgijaUf;F ngz; nfhLj;jhh;
kz;zpy; cs;s fhyk; tUj;Jjw;Nf ngw;W vLj;jhh;
fz;zpyhpj; je;ij jkh; fL eufpw;Nf chpah;
vz;zp epide;J Vq;fp ,Ue;J ngWk; gad; vd;
vd; capiu kha;j;jJ ,itjhk; igq;fpspNa.
mUk;gjk;
Ngijah; - mwptpyy
; hjth;
jkh; - cwtpdh;
fz;zyhpj; je;ij - fz; Nghd;w je;ij
fLeufk; - nfhba eufk;
nghUs;
ngz;zpd; mUikia mwpahj mwptpy;yhjth;fSf;F ngz;id
kzQ;nra;J nfhLj;J nfhLj;jhh;fs;. cyfpy; thOk; fhyk; KOJk;
tUj;jkiltjw;fhfNt ngw;nwLj;jhh;fs;. ,j;jF nray; GupAk; fz; Nghd;w
je;ijAk;> cwtpdh;fSk; nfhba eufj;jpw;Nf chpath;fs;. ,tw;iw vz;zp
epidj;J Vq;fpapUg;gjhy; ngwf;$ba ed;ik ahJ? gRikahd fpspNa> vdJ
capiuf; nfhy;Ygit ,it jhd;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 170 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; - 05
jk; ngUik jhk; mwpahj; jQ;rk; ,yhg; ngz; flik
ntk;Gyptha; khd; vd;d tPNz nfhLj;jpLthh;
nrk;nghd; jpuSlNd nte;Jauk; Nrh;tjpYk;
nrk;nghd; ,yh ,d;gk; rpwe;jnjdf; $Wjpahy;
njhpit mtl;F ,k;khw;wk; rPh; fpspNa $Wjpahy;.
mUk;gjk;
jQ;rkpyh - milf;fykpyy ; hj> cjtpaw;w
ntk;Gyp tha; khd; - nfhLk; Gypapd; thapy; mfg;gl;l khd;
nte;Jauk; - nfhLk;Jauk;
jpus; - Ftpay;>
rPh; - moF
njhpit - ngz;
nghUs;
jkJ ngUikiaj; jhNk mwpKbahj> vtuJk; cjtpaw;w ngz;izf;
nfhLk; Gypthapy; khd; mfg;gl;lJ Nghy; mope;J NghFk;gb gpwhplk;
kzQ;nra;J nfhLj;J tpLthh;fs;. rpwe;j nghd;dpd; FtpaYld; nfhba Jd;gk;
Nrh;tjpYk; ghh;ff
; nghd; ,y;yhJ ngWk; ,d;gk; NkyhdJ vd;gijf;
$Wthahf. mofhd fpspNa. ngz;ztSf;F ,e;j epiyikfisf;
$Wthahf.
ghly; - 06
cz;gJTk; cwq;FtJk; Ch;f;fijfs; NgRtJk;
ngz;fs; njhopyhk; vd;Nw NgrpLthh; xU rhuhh;
ngz;fSf;Fj; jk;gjpNa ngUe;nja;tk; vd;gh; rpyh;
ngz;fSf;Fk; mbikfl;Fk; Ngjkpy;iy vd;gh; rpyh;
Ngijik fhz; ,th; nfhs;if Ngh;j;J mwptha; gRq;fpspNa.
mUk;gjk;
gjp - fztd;
Ngjk; - NtWghL
Ngijij - mwpahik
Ngh;j;jwptha; - Muha;e;J mwptha;
nghUs;
cz;gJk;> cwq;FtJk;> Ch;ff ; ijfs; NgRtJk; ngz;fspd;
njhopyhFnkd;W xUrhuhh; NgRthh;fs;. ngz;fSf;F jkJ fztNd
nja;tnkd;W ,d;ndhU rhuhh; NgRthh;fs;. ngz;fSf;Fk;
mbikfSf;Fkpilapy; vJtpj NtWghLkpy;iynad ,d;Dk; rpyh;
$Wthh;fs;. mwpahik jhd; ,th;fsJ nfhs;if vd;gijg; gRq;fpspNa
Muha;e;J mwpe;J nfhs;thahf.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 171 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; - 07
fy;tpeyk; ngw;wdNuy; fhhpifahh; fhjyh;f;Fr;
nrhy;yUk; ey; Jizad;Nwh njhy;YyF rpwf;Fk; md;Nwh
nky;ypah; ghy; fy;tp tpUk;ghj tPzh; vyhk;
vy;iy ,yh ,d;G miljw;F ,ilAW vd;Nw ,ak;gha;
vd; ,U fz;; kzp midahl;F ,ak;gha; gRq;fpspNa.
mUk;gjk;
eyk; - ed;ik
fhhpifah; - ngz;fs;
njhy;YyF - gioa cyfk;
tPzh; - gad; ,y;yhjth;
,ak;gha; - nrhy;tha;
fz; kzp midahs; - fz; kzp Nghd;wts;
nghUs;
fy;tpapy; rpwe;J ngz;fs; tpsq;fpdhy; mth;fs; jkJ fhjyh;fSf;F
nrhy;Ytjw;fhpa Jizahthh;. ,jdhy; goikahd ,t; cyfKk; rpwg;gilAk;
my;yth? ngz;fs; fy;tp fw;gij tpUk;ghj gadw;wth; vy;NyhUk; vy;iy
,y;yhj ,d;gj;jpidg; ngz;fs; miltjw;Fj; jilahf ,Uf;fpd;wdh; vd;W
nrhy;Ytha;. ,jid vd; ,U fz;kzp Nghd;wtSf;Fg; gRq;fpspNa
nrhy;Ythahf.
ghly; - 08
$l;by; gRq;fpsp Nghy; Nfhijaiu vg;nghOJk;
tPl;by; milj;Jitf;Fk; tpufpyUf;F ahJ ciug;Nghk;
©l;bj; jpwe;J vLf;Fk; nghUshff; fUjpdNuh
Nfl;Nlhh; eifg;gJTk; Nfl;byNuh igq;fpspNa
fpQ;Rftha; ige;njhbghy; fpsj;jha; igq;fpspNa
mUk;gjk;
tpufpyh; - tPukw;wth;
eifg;gJ - Nfyp nra;tJ
fpQ;rfk; - gtsk;
fpsj;jha; - nrhy;yha;
Nfhijah; - ngz;fs;
nghUs;
gr;irf; fpspiaf; $l;by; milj;jJ Nghy; vg;nghOJk; ngz;fis
tPl;bDs; milj;J itf;Fk; tPukpy;yhjth;fSf;F vjidr; nrhy;YNthk;.
ngl;bf;Fs; itj;Jg; G+l;bj; jpwe;J vLf;Fk; gz;lkhfg; ngz;fisf;
fUjptpl;lhh;fNsh? gRikahd fpspNa> ,th;fsJ nraiyf; Nfl;lth;fs; Nfyp
nra;J rphpf;f khl;lhh;fNsh? gtsk; Nghd;w thAila gRikahd
tisay;fis mzpe;j ngz;zplk; ,jidg; gRq;fpspNa eP nrhy;Ythahf.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 172 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; - 09
fz;iz kiwj;Nj nfhLNgha; fhl;by; tpLk; ©iQiag; Nghy;
ngz;iz kid milj;Jg; gpd; xUth; iff;nfhLg;gh;
fz;zhy; Kd; fz;Lk; ,yh; fhjyh; nrhw;Nfl;Lk; ,yh;
vz;zhJ vz;zp ,Ue;J mah;th; kq;ifah;fs;
,f;nfhLikf;F ahJ nra;tJ ,iraha; gRq;fpspNa.
mUk;gjk;
G+iQ - G+id
mah;th; - tUe;jpapUg;gh;
,iraha; - nrhy;tha;
nghUs;
fz;iz kiwj;Jf; nfhz;L Ngha; fhl;by; tpLk; G+idiag; Nghy>
ngz;fis tPl;Lf;Fs; milj;J itj;jgpd; xUthplk; jpUkzQ; nra;J
nfhLj;JtpLthh;fs;. jk;ikj; jpUkzk; Kbj;jtiu ,jw;F Kd;dh; fz;zhy;
ghh;j;Jk; $l ,Uf;fkhl;lhh;fs;. mtuJ Ngr;rpid Kd;ndhU NghJk; Nfl;Lk;
,Uf;fkhl;lhh;fs;> vz;zhj vz;znky;yhk; vz;zpagbapUe;J ngz;fs;
Ntjidg;gLthh;fs;. ,f;nfhba nraYf;F vd;d nra;ayhnkd;W gRq;fpspNa
$Wthahf.
ghly; - 10
jk; kidf;F Xh; gR Ntz;by; gyfhy; ghh;j;jpUe;Jk;
gpd;Dk; Jzptpyuha; NgJWjy; khe;jh; Fzk;
vd;Nd kztpidNa ,ikg;nghOjpNy Kbg;ghh;
rpd;dg; gJit nfhL rpwhh; nra;kzk; NghYkNuh
njhpit mtl;F ,k;khw;wk; rPh;fpspNa $Wjpahy;
mUk;gjk;
gyfhy; - gyKiw
Jzptpyuha; - KbntLf;fhky;
NgJwy; - jpz;lhLjy;
kztpid - jpUkzk;
gJik - nghk;ik
nghUs;
jk; tPl;Lf;F xU gR thq;f tpUk;gpdhy; gyKiw ghh;j;Jk;
KbntLf;fhky; Jzptpd;wpj; jpz;lhLtJ kdpjh;fspd; FzkhFk;.
Mdhy; jkJ ngz;zpd; jpUkzk; vd;why; Xh; ,ikg;nghOjpy;
Kbj;JtpLthh;fs;. rpwpa nghk;ikfisf; nfhz;L rpWth;fs; tpisahLk;
nghk;ikf; fy;ahzk; Nghy; my;yth ,J ,Uf;fpwJ. me;jg; ngz;Zf;F ,e;j
epiyikapid mofhd fpspNa $Wthahf.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 173 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly;- 11
Mzha;g; gpwj;jy; mtrpak; NtNwhh; FzKk;
Ngzhh; ,d;Dapuhk; ngz;izf; nfhLj;jpLthh;
ehzhh; kjpahh; eifj;Nj fspj;jpLthh;
thzhs; gRq;fpspNa kylhf fopj;jpyNu
ths;tpop vd; kq;ifaplk; khq;fpspNa $Wjpahy;
mUk;gjk;
Ngzhh; - fUjhh;> ghuhh;
ehzhh; - ntl;fg;glhh;
ths;tpop - ths; Nghy; xsp cila fz;
nghUs;
vf; Fzj;ijAk; Nehf;fhJ Mzha; gpwe;j jFjpia kl;Lk; nfhz;L
jdJ caph; Nghd;w ngz;Zf;Fj; jpUkzk; nra;J itf;fpd;w ngw;Nwhh;> jkJ
nray; gw;wp ntl;fkilahJ> gpwh; nrhd;dhYk; Vw;Wf;nfhs;shJ Vsdk;
nra;J rphpj;J kfpo;e;jpLthh;fs;. ,th;fs; jkJ tho; ehl;fis tPzhf gad;
,d;wp fopj;J tpLthh;fs;. ,tw;iw xspnghUe;jpa fz;fisAila vdJ
fhjypaplk;> khkuj;Jf;fpspNa $Wthahf.
ghly; -12
md;d eil ik tpopahs; mk;nghd; kyh;f; nfhk;G midahs;
vd; ,ja jhkiuf;F Xh; ,yf;fkpahk; ngz; murp
fd;dy; nkhop NfshJ fQ;rKfk; Nehf;fhJ
kd;dpyj;J thNod; kbe;jpLtd; kq;ifah;f;F
kw;W ,g;gop NrUk; vd kho;FNtd; igq;fpspNa.
mUk;gjk;
md;d eil - md;dk; Nghd;w eil
iktpop - ik jPl;ba fz;
mk;nghd; - mofpa nghd;
fd;dy; - fUk;G
fQ;rk; - jhkiu
kd;dpyk; - kz;zpy;
kho;Ftd; - fyq;FNtd;> tUe;JNtd;
nghUs;
md;dk; Nghd;w eilapidAk;> ik jPl;lg;gl;l fz;fisAk; cilats;.
mofpa nghd;dpw kyh;f; nfhk;gpid xj;jts;. vdJ ,jakhfpa jhkiuapy;
tPw;wpUf;Fk; ,yf;Fkp Nghd;wts;. ngz;fSf;Fj; jiytpahfpa mtsJ fUk;G
Nghd;w ,dpa Ngr;rpidf; NfshkYk;> jhkiu Nghd;w Kfj;ijg; ghuhkYk;
ehd; tho khl;Nld;. ,we;J tpLNtd;. gr;irf;fpspNa> me;jg; ngz;Zf;F
,jdhy; gop te;J NrUnkd kdk; fyq;Ffpd;Nwd;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 174 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


ghly; - 13
me;Njh jtW jtwwpahJ ciuj;jdd; ahd;
ige;jhh; gRk; Foyhs; ghtk; mwpahs; fpspNa
je;ij jhahh; ,yNuy; jhpahs; vd; ghq;fUld;
te;jhs; kfpo;e;jhs; tjpe;jhs; gRq;fpspNa
thd; cyf ,d;gnky;yhk; te;jdthy; igq;fpspNa
mUk;gjk;
me;Njh - [Nah
jhh; - khiy
Foy; - $e;jy;
jhpahs; - epw;fkhl;lhs;
ghq;fh; - Njhopfs;> Njhoh;
thd; cyfk; - NjtNyhfk;
tjpe;jhs; - ,Ue;jhs;
nghUs; .

[Nah> jtW vJ> jtW ,d;ik vJ> vd mwpahJ $wptpl;Nld;> fpspNa>


gRikahd khiyia mzpe;j $e;jiyAila ngz; xU ghtKk; mwpahjts;.
jdJ je;;ij jhahiu tpl;L ePq;fhjts;. fpspNa jd; NjhopfSld; vd;dplk;
te;J kfpo;r;rpAld; ,Ue;jhs;. mtshy; vdf;Fj; NjtNyhfj;J ,d;gnky;yhk;
fpilj;jJ.
ghly; - 14
nfhq;F myh; ©Q; Nrhiy tsh; khq;fpspNa Nfhijaplk;
eq;fha; epd; fhjypj;Nj eypthd; nkypthdhy;
jq;fhJ caph; vd;whd; jhd; epd; ruz; vd;whd;
eq;fha; ,uq;fha; vdNt etpy;tha; gRq;fpspNa
ehhpah; ghy; vd; epiyia etpy;tha; gRq;fpspNa
mUk;gjk;
nfhq;F - nkhl;L> kfue;jk;
myh; - mtpOk;>
eypthd; - nkypthd;
Nfhij - ngz;
ruz; - milf;fyk;
nghUs; .

nkhl;ltpo;e;j G+Q;Nrhiyapy; tsUk; khkuj;Jf;fpspNa> vdJ


fhjypaplk;> ngz;Nz> cd;idf; fhjypj;Nj Nrhh;tilfpd;whd;. NkYk;
nkypthdhfpy; jd;Dila clk;gpy; caph; jq;fhJ vdf; $wpdhd;. jhd;>
cd;dplk; milf;fyk; GFe;J tpl;ljhfTk; $wpdhd;. ngz;Nz> mtdplk;
,uf;fk; fhl;Lthahf> ,t;thW gr;irf;fpspNa> eP mtsplk; nrhy;Ythahf.
me;jg; ngz;zplk; vdJ epiyikapia vLj;Jr; nrhy;Ythahf.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 175 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 FW tpdh tpil
1. “ khNdq;F iktpopnad; tQ;rpapilg; ige;njhbghy;..”
m. khndq;F iktpop vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 khd; Vq;fp epw;Fk; ik ,;lg;gl;l fz;fs;
M. tQ;rpapil vd;gjpy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s mzp ahJ?
 ctik

2. “ Gtpapy; nfhq;F kyh; khiy Fuq;fpw;F mspg;ghNuh


Nfhijaplk; ,k;khw;wk; $Wjpahy;..”
m. nfhq;F kyh; khiy vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
 thriz kpFe;j khiy
M. Nfhij vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 ngz;

3. “ %lUf;Fk;> NglUf;Fk;> KjpNahh; nkypNahh;f;Fk;


NjlUey; ,uj;jpdk; Nghy; njhpitaiu Nrh;j;JtNuh…..
m. %lh;> Nglh; vd;gd Fwpj;J epw;Fk; nghUs;?
 %lh; - Kl;lhs;> Nglh; -mwptpy;yhjth;
M. ngz;fspd; rpwg;G ,q;F vt;thW $wg;gl;Ls;sJ?
 NjLtjw;F mhpa ,uj;jpdk; Nghd;wth;fs;

4. “ nky;ypah;ghy; fy;tp tpUk;ghj tPznuyhk; vy;iyapyh


,d;G miljw;F ,ilAW vd;Nw ,ak;gha;..”
m. ,q;F nky;ypah; vdf; fUjg;gLJ ?
 ngz;fs;
M. gadpy;yhjth; nray; vt;thW $wg;gl;Ls;sJ?
 ngz;fs; fy;tp fw;gij tpUk;ghik> ngz;fspd;
kfpo;Tf;F jilahf ,Ug;gJ.
5. “ md;d eil ik tpopahs; mk;nghd; kyh;f; nfhk;G mizahs;
vd; ,ja jhkiuf;F Xh; ,yf;Fkpahk;..”
m. ,q;F ,lk;ngw;Ws;s ctik mzp xd;wpid Fwpg;gpLf?
 md;d eil - md;dk; Nghd;w eil
M. ,q;F gapyg;gLk; cUt mzpapidf; Fwpg;gpLf?
 ,jaj; jhkiu - ,jakhfpa jhkiu
jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 176 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil
 fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs;
01. ,g;gFjpapy; fhjyp gw;wp th;zid/fhjypapd; moFr; rpwg;Gf;fis
vLj;Jf; fhl;Lf.?
,g;gFjpapy; fhjypapd; moF gw;wpa th;zpg;gpid moFw ftpQh;
vLj;Jiuf;fpd;w jd;ikfis fz;Zwyhk;.
 khd; Vq;fp epw;Fk; ik G+rg;gl;l tpopfis cilats;

 gRikahd tisay;fis mzpe;jts;

 tQ;rpf;nfhb Nghd;w ,ilapid nfhz;lts;


“ khd; Vq;F iktpopnad; tQ;rpapilg; ige;njhb..”
 nre;jhkiu Nghd;w tjdk; nfhz;lts;

 ths; Nghd;w xsptPRk; eadq;fis cilats;


“ nrq;fky> ths;tpopahs;..”
 Nfhijahdts;.
 gtsk; Nghd;w thAilats;

 md;dk; Nghd;w eilAilats;

 nghd;dpw kyh;f;nfhk;gpid xj;jts;

 ,jaj;jhkiuapy; tPw;wpUf;Fk; ,yf;Fkp Nghd;wts;

 ngz;fSf;F jiytpahdts; - ngz;zurp

 fUk;G Nghd;w ,dpa Ngr;rpid cilats;


“ md;d eil ik tpopahs; mk;nghd; kyh;f; nfhk;G mizahs;
vd; ,ja jhkiuf;F Xh; ,yf;fkpahk; ngz; murp
fd;dy;nkhop NfshJ fQ;rKfk; Nehf;fhJ..”
 gRikahd khiy mzpe;j $e;jiy cilats;

,t;thW fhjyp gw;wpa mofpay; tu;zpg;Gf;fs; moFw ,q;F


ntspg;gLfpd;wd.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 177 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


02. ,g;gFjpapy; jiytdpd; Fzg;gz;Gfs; gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;f?
,g; gFjpapy; ftpQh; fhl;Lk; jiytd; jd; fhjypaplk; ngUk;
md;Gk;> mf;fiwAk; nfhz;ltdhf fhl;lg;gl;Ls;shd;. mj;jF
jd;ikfis gpd;tUkhW fhzyhk;.
 jd; fhjypaplk; fpspia J}J tpLj;jtd;
 jd; fhjypia gphpe;J Jd;gj;jhy; thLgtd;
 jd; jFjpAk;> FzKk; jd; fhjypf;F Vw;witNah vd
fpspaplk; Nfl;ltd;
 ngz;fSf;F Kiwaw;w tpjj;jpy; mth;fspd; tpUg;gk; ,d;wp
kzQ;nra;J itg;gij vjph;gg
; td;
 jd; ,jaj;J vz;zq;fs;> czh;Tfis jd; fhjypaplk; $WkhW
fpspaplk; ciuj;jtd;
 mts; ,y;yhJ tpbd; jhd; Jwtw tho;tpid Nkw;nfhs;tjh?
vd Nfl;L mij jd; fhjypf;F ciuf;Fk; gb fpspaplk; $wpatd;.
 jd; fhjyp kPJ ePq;fhj md;Gk;> mtsJ eydpy; kpFe;j
mf;fiwAk; nfhz;ltd;
 jd; fhjyp jdf;F fpilf;fhtpbd; eype;J> nkype;J> ,we;J
tpLNtd; vdTk; ,jdhy; mtSf;F gop te;J NrUk; vdTk; fpspaplk;
$wpatd;.
03. ,g; gFjpapy; jiytd; jiytp kPJ nfhz;l fhjy; vt;thW
Gyg;gLfpd;wJ?
,g;gFjpapNy jiytp kPJ mstw;w fhjYk;> mf;fiwAk;
nfhz;ltdhf fhjyd; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;shd;.
 jiytpapd; kPjhd fhjy; mjpfhpg;gpdhy; fpspia J}jdg;gpatd;

 kq;ifahf mtspw;F jFe;j kzthsd; jhNdh vd Nfl;ltd;

 fy;tpawptw;wth;fis mts; kzk; Kbg;gij Vw;fhjtd;


 ngw;Nwhh; jk; ngz;zpd; tpUg;gj;ij mwpahJ Kd;gpd; fhzhj
xUtid kzk; Kbj;J itg;ghh;fs; vd jiytpf;F ciuj;jtd;
 fz; Nghd;w je;ijahpd; nray;fs; ngz;zpw;F Jd;gj;ijNa
nfhLf;Fk; vd $wpatd;
 jd; fhjypia epidj;J nkypfpd;Nwd; NkYk; nkype;jhy; clypy;
caph; jq;fhJ vd $wp epd;wtd;
 jhkiu Nghd;w mtsJ Kfj;ij fhzhJ> mtsJ fUk;gpidg; Nghd;w
Ngr;rpidf; NfshJ jhd; caph; thokhl;Nld; vdf; fpspaplk; $wpatd;.
 ghitj; jpUkzk; Nghy Kd;gpd; mwpahj xUtDld; jk; ngz;zpw;F
jpUkzk; Kbj;J itj;JtpLth; ngw;Nwhh; vd fhjypaplk; $wpatd;.
,t;thW jiytp kPjhd jiytdpd; fhjy; moFw Gyg;gLtijf;
fz;Zwyhk;. NkYk; ,tw;iw jiytd; jiytpf;F $Wk;
mwpTiufshfTk; ehk; vLj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;.
jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 178 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil
04. ,g;gFjpapy;> ngz; mbikj;jdk; rhu;ej
; fUj;Jf;fis vLj;Jiuf;Ff?
,f;ftpijg; gFjpapy;> Mrpupau; mf;fhyj;jpy; epytpa ngz;
mbikj;jdk; rhu;e;j fUj;Jf;fisNa mjpfk; vLj;Jf;fhl;bAs;shu;.
mf;fhyj;jpy; ngz;fs; jpUkzk; kw;Wk; fy;tp rhu;e;J mDgtpj;j
mbikj;jdq;fis mofpa Kiwapy; ,q;F vLj;Jf;fhl;bAs;shu;.
 Kl;lhs;> mwptpy;yhjth;> vspath; Nghd;wth;f;F ngz;fis jpUkzk;
nra;J nfhLj;jy;
 ngz;zUik mwpahj Ngijau;f;F ngz;izj; jpUkzk; nra;J
itj;jy;
 ngz; flik ahnjd;gij mwpahjtu;fSf;F ngz;fisj; jpUkzk;
nra;J itj;jy;
 cz;Zjy;> cwq;Fjy;> Cu;f;fij NgRjy; ,it ngz;fspd;
njhopy;fs; vdf; $Wjy;
 ngz;fs; fy;tp fw;gij tpUk;ghj jd;ik fhzg;gLjy;
 $l;by; milj;J itf;Fk; gRq;fpspiag; Nghy ngz;fisAk; tPl;by;
G+l;b itj;jy;.
 ngz;fis tPl;by; milj;J gpd;du; Kd;gpd; mwpahj xUtUf;F kzk;
Kbj;Jf; nfhLj;jy;
 nghk;ikj; jpUkzk; Nghy ngz;fspd; jpUkzj;ijAk; fzg;nghOjpy;
Kbj;jy;
 Mzha; gpwe;jpUj;jy; vDk; jFjpia kl;Lk; nfhz;L ngz;iz kzk;
Kbj;Jf; nfhLj;jy;
 ngz;fSf;Fk; mbikfSf;Fk; NtWghL ,y;iy vdf;$Wjy;
%lUf;Fk; NglUf;Fk; KjpNahh; nkypNahh;f;Fk;
NjlUk; ey; ,uj;jpdk; Nghy; njhpitaiur; Nrh;j;JtNuh
$l;by; gRq;fpsp Nghy; Nfhijaiu vg;nghOJk;
tPl;by; milj;Jitf;Fk; tpufpyUf;F ahJ ciug;Nghk;
Mzha;g; gpwj;jy; mtrpak; NtNwhh; FzKk;
Ngzhh; ,d;Dapuhk; ngz;izf; nfhLj;jpLthh;
,g;ghlybfs; Nkw;Fwpj;j jd;ikfis moFw vLj;Jiuj;Js;sd.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 179 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


03. ,g; gFjpapy; ngz; tpLjiy njhlu;ghd fUj;Jf;fs; gw;wp
vLj;Jiuf;Ff?
,g;ghlg;gFjpapy; ngz; tpLjiy Fwpj;j fUj;Jf;fisNa
mjpfk; ftpQh; fhl;bapUf;fpd;whh;. ngz;fSf;F nra;J itf;Fk;
fl;lha jpUkzk; mtw;wpy; ,Ue;J ngz;fs; tpLjiy ngw Ntz;ba
Njit vd;gd gw;wp moFw ghbapUf;fpd;whh;.
 Kl;lhs;> mwptpy;yhjth;> vspath; Nghd;wth;f;F ngz;fis jpUkzk;
nra;J nfhLf;ff; $lhJ.
 ngz;zUik mwpahj Ngijah;f;F ngz;iz kzQ; nra;J nfhLf;ff;
$lhJ.
md;Gld; tsh;e;j jk; ngz;id mthpd; ngw;Nwhh; Kd;gpd; njhpahj
xUtUf;F kzk; nra;J itf;ff;$lhJ.
 cz;Zjy;> cwq;Fjy;> Cu;f;fijfs; NgRjy; vd;gd ngz;fspd;
njhopy;fs; vdf; $Wfpd;w epiy khwNtz;Lk;.
 ngz;fs; fy;tp fw;gjw;F re;ju;g;gk; toq;fNtz;Lk;. fy;tp fw;w
ngz;fNs fhjyh;fSf;F chpa cWJizahth;.
 ngz;fspd; kfpo;r;rpahd tho;tpw;F ,ilA+whf ,Uf;ff;$lhJ.
 ngz;fis tPl;Lf;Fs; G+l;b itj;J mth;fspd; Rje;jpuj;ij nfLf;ff;
$lhJ.
 rpWth;fspd; nghk;ikf; fy;ahzk; Nghy ngz;fspd; jpUkzj;ij
elj;jp Kbf;ff; $lhJ.
 Mzha; gpwe;jpUg;gij kl;Lk; jFjpahff; nfhz;L ngz;fis
jpUkzk; nra;J nfhLf;ff;$lhJ.
ngz;fs; mth;fspd; Rje;jukhd tho;f;ifia tho;tjw;F
toptFf;f Ntz;baJ mtrpak; vdTk; ngw;Nwhh; jk; ngz; kdk;
tpUk;ghj xUtiu jpUkzk; nra;J itf;ff; $lhJ vd;gijAk;>
ngz;fs; fy;tp fw;gij jil nra;af;$lhJ vdTk; Mrphpah;
jp.j.rutzKj;Jg;gps;is vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfpwhh;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 180 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


05. ,g;gFjpapy; ,ioNahLk; mzpr; rpwg;gpid njspTWj;Jf
ctikazpfs;
 mwptpy;yhjth;f;F ngz;id jpUkzk; nra;J nfhLg;gJ thriz
kpFe;j kyh;khiyia Fuq;fpw;F mspg;gijg; Nghd;wJ
“ nfhq;F kyh; khiy Fuq;fpw;F mspg;ghNuh..”

ctkhdk; - Fuq;fplk; nfhLf;fg;gl;l thrizahd kyu;khiy


ctNkak; - ngz; mUik mwpahjtu;f;F kzk; Kbj;Jf; nfhLf;fg;gLk; ngz;
nghJj;jd;ik - ngWkjpia czuhj jd;ik
 nfhLk; Gypapd; thapy; mfg;gl;l khd; Nghy ngz;izAk; mwpahj
xUtDf;F kzk; Kbj;J tpLth;
“ ntk;Gyptha; khd; vd;d tPNz nfhLj;jpLthh;..”

ctkhdk; - nfhba Gypapd; thapy; mfg;gl;l khd;


ctNkak; - ngz; mUik mwpahjtu;f;F kzk; Kbj;Jf; nfhLf;fg;gLk; ngz;
nghJj;jd;ik - Jd;gk;
 fz;izf; fl;b fhl;by; tplg;gLk; G+idiag; Nghy ngz;izAk;
mwpahjth;f;F jpUkzk; Kbj;J itj;jy;
“ fz;iz kiwj;Nj nfhLNgha; fhl;by; tpLk; ©iQiag; Nghy;
ngz;iz kid milj;Jg; gpd; xUth; iff;nfhLg;gh;..
ctkhdk; - fz;iz kiwj;J fhl;by; tplg;gl;l G+id
ctNkak; - tPl;by; milf;fg;gl;L gpd; jpUkzk; nra;J itf;fg;gLk; ngz;
nghJj;jd;ik - jLkhw;wk;> Jaukiljy;
 $l;by; milj;J itf;Fk; fpspiag; Nghy ngz;fisAk; tPl;by;
milj;J itj;jy;
“ $l;by; gRq;fpsp Nghy; Nfhijaiu vg;nghOJk;
tPl;by; milj;Jitf;Fk;..”
ctkhdk; - $l;by; milj;J itf;fg;gl;l fpsp
ctNkak; - tPl;by; milf;fg;gl;lngz;
nghJj;jd;ik - mbikj;jdk;
 jiytpapd; mofpid ctikazpfspy; thapyhf th;zpj;jy;
“ md;deil ik tpopahs; mk;nghd; kyh;f; nfhk;G mizahs;
vd; ,ja jhkiuf;F Xh; ,yf;fkpahk; ngz; murp
fd;dy;nkhop NfshJ fQ;rKfk;..”
md;dk; Nghd;w eil
fUk;gpidg; Nghd;w ,dpa Ngr;R
kyh;f; nfhk;gpid Nghd;w Nkdp
cUtf mzp - ,jaj; jhkiu ( ,jakhfpa jhkiu)

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 181 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


jkpo;g; gz;ghL
. myF 09
 FW tpdh tpil
1. jkpo;g; gz;ghL vDk; fl;Liuapd; Mrphpah; ahh;?
 tz. gpjh jdpehafk; mbfs;
2. ahJk; CNu ahtUk; NfsPh;..
m. ,t;tbfs; ,lk;ngWk; E}y; ?
 GwehD}W
M. NfsPh; vd;gjd; fUj;J?
 cwtpdh;
3. njhy;fhg;gpah; $Wk; gz;ghl;Lj; Jiwfs; ahit?
 topghL> ,ir> ,irf; fUtpfs
4. nja;tk; czNt khkuk; Gl;giw
nra;jp ahopd; gFjpnahL njhif,..
m. ,t;tbfs; ,lk;ngWk; gFjp ahJ ?
 njhy;fhg;gpak;
M. fUg; nghUs;fs; vd Fwpg;gplg;gLgit?
 nja;tk;> czT> kuk;> gwit
5. rPtf rpe;jhkzpf;F ciu vOjpath; ahh;?
 er;rpdhh;f;fpdpahh;
6. jkpo; gf;jpapd; nkhop vd;W ehd; mbf;fb $wp tUfpd;Nwd;.
m. ,f; $w;wpid $wpath; ahh;?
 jdpehafk; mbfshh;
M. gf;jpapd; nkhop ahJ ?
 jkpo;
7.“ ahkpug;git nghUSk; nghd;Dk; NghfKky;y md;ghy;
md;Gk; mUSk; mwDk; %d;Wk;..
m. ,t;tbfs; ,lk;ngWk; E}y; ahJ?
 ghpghly;
M.jhk; tpUg;Ggit vitnad Mrphpah; $Wfpd;whh;?
 md;G> mUs;> mwk;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 182 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


8. “ cs;sf; fkykb cj;jkdhh; Ntz;LtJ..
m. Nkw;gb $w;iwf; $wpath; ahh;?
 tpGyhde;jh;
M.,q;F Gyg;gLk; mzp ahJ?
 cUtfk; - cs;skhfpa fkyk;
9. “ ts;Std; jd;id cyfpDf;Nf je;J thd; Gfo; ngw;w jkpo; ehL..
vDk; $w;wpidf; $wpath; ahh;?
 ghujpahh;
10. “ ehd; kdpjd; kdpjDf;F ,ay;ghd vjidAk;
ehd; ntWg;gjpy;iy..
m. ,t;thW $wpath; ahh;?
 nuwd;]; vDk; ,yj;jPd; Gyth;
M. ,t;tbfspy; Gyg;gLk; gz;G ahJ?
 kf;fs; eyf; nfhs;if/gz;G
11. “ mkpo;jk; ,iatjhapDk; ,dpnjdj;
jkpah; cz;lYk; ,yNu..
m. ,t;tbfs; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s E}y; vJ?
 GwehD}W
M. jkpah; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?
 jdpj;J> jdpahf mth;
12. “ ,k;ikr; nra;jJ kWikf; fhnkDk;
mwtpiy tzpfdhayd;..
m. ,k;ik> kWik vd;git Fwpg;git?
 ,k;ik - ,g;gpwg;G kWik - kWgpwg;G
M.,g;ghlyb ,lk; ngWk; E}y; ahJ?
 GwehD}W
13. “ cyfk; Nghw;Wk; Mlty;yhhpd; tbtk; ,g;gf;jpapd;
gandd;gij ahh; kWg;ghh;..
m. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; $wg;gl;lJ?
 jdpehafk; mbfshh;
M. Mlty;yhh; vdg;gLgth; ahh;?
 eluh[h; - rptngUkhd;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 183 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


 fl;likg;G tpdh tpil
01. jkpo;g; gz;ghl;bd; mbg;gilf; Fwpf;Nfhs;fs; vit?
,f;fl;Liuapy; jkpoh; gz;ghl;bd; mbg;gilahd Nfhl;ghLfs;
kw;Wk; Fwpf;Nfhs;fis gpd;tUkhW fhzKbfpd;wJ.
 tpUe;Njhk;gy;
 gpwh; kPjhd md;G
 kdj;J}a;ik
 tplhKaw;rp
 ahJk; CNu ahtUk; NfsPh; vDk; kdepiy
 mfj;jpiz> Gwj;jpiz tho;T
 khdk;
vdthW mtw;iw tifg;gLj;jp fz;lwpa Kbfpd;wJ.
02. jkpoh; gz;ghl;bd; rpwg;gpay;Gfs; vitnad fl;Liuapy;
Gyg;gLfpd;wd?
,f;fl;Liuapy; jkpo;g; gz;ghl;bd; rpwg;gpay;Gfs; vd
gpd;tUtdtw;iw fl;Liuahrphpah; tifg;gLj;Jfpd;whh;.
 cyf kdg;ghd;ik

cyf kdg;ghd;ik vDk; NghJ> ahJk; CNu ahtUk; NfsPh;


vd;gJk;> rkzk;> ngsj;jk; vd;gtw;iw jkpo; ehl;lth; tuNtw;wikAk;>
fpNuf;fh; kw;Wk; tl,e;jpahplk; ,k; kdg;ghq;F fhzg;gl;lik.
 fz;Nzhl;lk;
rka jj;Jtk;> ,yf;fpak;> fiy> ciu vDk; gy gphpTfspy; ,j;
jd;ikia fhz Kbfpd;wJ.
 gf;jp
,yf;fpak;> Myak;> gpwehLfs;> Gyth;fs; vDk; tifapy; ,jid
fhzyhk;.
 xOf;fk;
jkpouJ gz;ghl;by; xOf;fNk Kjd;ikahdJ> jpUf;Fws; xOf;f
E}yhf tpsq;Ffpd;wJ.
 kf;fs; eyf;nfhs;if
kf;fs; eydpy; mf;fiw nfhz;L nraw;gLk; jd;ikfs; ,jpy;
mlq;Fk;

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 184 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


03. jkpo;g; gz;ghl;bd; tsh;r;rp gw;wp fUj;Jiuf;Ff?
,f;fl;LiuapNy jkpo;;g; gz;ghl;bd; tsh;r;rp gw;wp Nehf;Fk;
nghOJ> gpw rkaj;jth;fs; jkpouJ gz;ghl;bid jOtpaikahy;
jkpo;g; gz;ghL tsh;r;rp mile;jJ> NkYk;> ,e;J rka topghl;L
KiwAk; ,yf;fpaq;fSk; njd;dhl;L jj;Jtq;fshy; tsk; ngw;wd
,JTk; jkpoh; gz;ghl;bd; tsh;r;rpia vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ. ghh;gg ; dUk;>
rkzUk;> ngsj;jUk;> fpwp];jtKk; jkpo;g; gz;ghl;bid jOtpaik> ,J
jtpu> gf;jpapd; nkhop jkpo; vdg;gl;lJld; mj; jkpo; nkhopapy; gy
,yf;fpaq;fs; Njhw;wk; ngw;Ws;sikAk; jkpoh; gz;ghl;bd;
vLj;Jf;fhl;lhFk;. jtpu rpyg;gjpfhuk;> kzpNkfiy> Njk;ghtzp>
rPwhg;Guhzk; vd;gdtw;wpy; rkaf; Nfhl;ghLfspy; jkpoh; gz;ghL gw;wpa
Fwpg;Gf;fs; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sikia fhz Kbfpd;wJ. ,e;jpag; gz;ghl;by;
mjpfk; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ jkpoh; gz;ghNlahFk;. ,t;thW jkpoh;
gz;ghl;bd; tsh;r;rp gw;wp mwpa Kbfpd;wJ.
04. jkpo; gf;jpapd; nkhop vd;gij fl;Liuahrphpah; fhl;Lk; jd;ikapid
Gyg;gLj;Jf?
jkpo; gf;jpapd; nkhop vd;gij vLj;Jiuf;f fl;Liuahrphpah; gy
fhuzq;fis Fwpg;gpLfpd;whh;.
 gf;jp ,yf;fpaq;fs; gyTk; jkpo; nkhopapNyNa Njhw;wk; ngw;Ws;sjhy;
mj;jF gf;jp ,yf;fpaq;fisg; Nghy mofpYk;> Moj;jpYk;> gug;gpYk;
Ntnwq;fpYk; ,y;iy vdf; $Wjy;.
 ghpghly; Kjyhf tpGyhde;jh; ,yf;fpak; tiu Gyth;fs; gyUk; ghba
ghly;fs; jkpo; nkhopapNy gpwh; ,d;GWk; tifapy; mikag;
ngw;Ws;sik.
 gf;jpia czh;j;Jk; nrhw;fs; gyTk; jkpo; nkhopapy; mike;Js;sik
 ehad;khh;fs;> Mo;thh;fs;> kw;Wk; fk;gh; Nghd;Nwhhpd; jkpo;g;
gf;jpAzh;T cyfpNy epfuw;wJ.
 Vida jkpo;f;fiy gytw;wpYk; gf;jpg;gz;G ,ize;jpUg;gijf;
fhzyhk;. cjhuzkhf> jQ;irg; ngUq;Nfhapy;> ,irf;fiy kw;Wk;
fq;if nfhz;l Nrho Guk; vd;gtw;iw Fwpg;gplyhk;.

jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 185 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil


jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10>11 186 ,uh.ep\he;jd; B.A Tamil

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